BILL ANALYSIS Ó AB 141 Page 1 CONCURRENCE IN SENATE AMENDMENTS AB 141 (Bonilla) As Amended September 4, 2015 Majority vote -------------------------------------------------------------------- |ASSEMBLY: | | (June 3, |SENATE: | 35-4 | (September 9, | | |53-26 |2015) | | |2015) | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | -------------------------------------------------------------------- Original Committee Reference: ED. SUMMARY: Prohibits, commencing with hiring for the 2016-17 school year, a school district, county office of education (COE), or charter school from charging a beginning teacher a fee to participate in a beginning teacher induction program. The Senate amendments: 1)Delete the requirement for a school district, COE or charter school to provide beginning teachers with a program of beginning teacher induction. 2)Specify that a beginning teacher includes a teacher with a preliminary multiple or single subject teaching credential, or a preliminary education specialist credential. AB 141 Page 2 3)Add Legislative findings and declarations about the burden that teacher induction fees have on beginning teachers and how those burdens will affect the state's teacher shortage. EXISTING LAW: 1)Requires a teacher to complete one of the following beginning teacher induction programs in order to obtain a clear multiple or single subject teaching credential: a) A program of beginning teacher support and assessment approved by the commission and the Superintendent, a provision of the Marian Bergeson Beginning Teacher Support and Assessment System. b) An alternative program of beginning teacher induction that is provided by one or more local educational agencies and has been approved by the commission and the Superintendent on the basis of initial review and periodic evaluations of the program in relation to appropriate standards of credential program quality and effectiveness that have been adopted by the commission, the Superintendent, and the state board. c) An alternative program of beginning teacher induction that is sponsored by a regionally accredited college or university, in cooperation with one or more local school districts, that addresses the individual professional needs of beginning teachers and meets the commission's standards of induction. 2)Specifies that if a candidate satisfies the requirements, including completion of an accredited internship program of professional preparation, and if that internship program fulfills induction standards and is approved, the commission AB 141 Page 3 shall determine that the candidate has fulfilled the induction requirements. 3)Specifies that if an approved induction program is verified as unavailable to a beginning teacher, or if the beginning teacher is required under the federal No Child Left Behind Act to complete subject matter coursework to be qualified for a teaching assignment, the commission shall accept completion of an approved clear credential program after completion of a baccalaureate degree at a regionally accredited institution as fulfilling the induction requirements. FISCAL EFFECT: According to the Senate Appropriations Committee, this bill's costs will ultimately depend upon the number of beginning teachers and the cost of the program. These figures range and fluctuate from year to year. Assuming a program cost of roughly $5,000 and total teacher preparation program enrollment for 2012-13 of 19,933, this bill could drive reimbursable state mandate costs of about $100 million annually for LEAs to provide new teachers induction programs. The Commission on State Mandates may identify some offsetting costs at least in the 2015-16 fiscal year. The California Department of Education (CDE) indicates that ensuring new teachers are provided induction programs and that they are not being charged a fee to participate could be included as a monitoring protocol in the Title II Federal Program Monitoring process. This is not anticipated to result in significant costs to the CDE. COMMENTS: Commencing with hiring for the 2016-17 school year, this bill requires a school district, COE or charter school hiring a beginning teacher to provide that teacher with an induction program. If a district does not operate an induction program for its teachers, it is unclear how teachers at that district will be served. It is potentially possible that teachers at districts that do not operate an induction program may have trouble finding an induction program locally, since neighboring districts may not allow them in their program due to the fact that the district is prohibited from charging a fee. These teachers would be forced to pay for a Clear Credential AB 141 Page 4 program at an institution of higher education. Beginning Teacher Support and Assessment (BTSA) Background: According to the Commission on Teacher Credentialing (CTC), induction for new teachers in California has evolved in significant ways over its 25-year history. The BTSA program was established as a result of a pilot study conducted during 1988-1992 by the CTC and the CDE. This pilot study, known as the California New Teacher Project demonstrated that the state could increase beginning teacher retention, success and effectiveness, by providing all new teachers with structured mentoring and support. After considerable legislative discussion of the pilot project report, the Governor and the Legislature established the BTSA Program in the 1992-93 State Budget. At that time, the program was a grant program designed to support new teachers and was not a credential requirement for teachers. The successes of the California New Teacher Project grant programs influenced the CTC appointed Advisory Panel which conducted a review of the requirements for earning and renewing teaching credentials. Their recommendations were embodied in the passage of SB 2042 (Alpert), Chapter 548, Statutes of 1998, which created a two-tiered teaching credential system, significantly changed the BTSA program by establishing induction as the second tier in California's teacher preparation and credentialing system and instituting the completion of a standards based induction program as a path toward the Clear Credential for Multiple and Single Subject credentials. In 2004, the Legislature mandated a CTC-approved Induction program, if available, as the required route for Multiple and Single Subject teachers to obtain a clear teaching credential. Legislation clarified that, if an induction program is verified as unavailable by a beginning teacher's employer or the teacher needed to complete content area coursework for No Child Left Behind (NCLB), then the teacher may complete a Commission-approved Clear Credential program sponsored by a college or university. AB 141 Page 5 From 1995 until 2009 BTSA Induction programs operated with dedicated annual funding based on a per-participating teacher allocation (with a required local educational agency (LEA) in-kind match). In February 2009 the State Budget provided LEAs with spending flexibility. LEAs were able to use funds from about 40 categorical programs, including the Teacher Credentialing Block Grant of which the BTSA Induction program was a part, for any educational purpose for a five year period. This statute created greater program funding flexibility and removed the in-kind requirement but continued the funding to local education agencies that sponsor CTC approved BTSA Induction programs. Since the 2009 onset of flexible funding provisions, a number of Commission-approved programs have become inactive or withdrawn since the per-participant funding ended. Of specific interest in terms of statewide program equity, access and parity is the issue of induction programs charging beginning teachers to participate. The induction programs sponsored by colleges or universities have always charged tuition. A few LEA-based induction programs were approved by the Commission after 2009 and never received any per participant state funding. These programs, sponsored by charter schools, have always charged candidates. An additional reality that appears to be surfacing is the fact that some programs are "capping" the number of new teachers they will serve, resulting in inequities within a district as some new teachers receive induction services and others are faced with having to search and pay for induction services outside of their district or teach, largely unsupported, in a classroom for a year or more until they reach the top of the program's waiting list. According to the author, some districts and COEs are requiring teachers to pay for their participation in induction programs, placing heavy financial burdens on teachers just starting their careers. According to data collected by the CTC, induction providers are charging new teachers up to $2,500 a year for the two-year program. The fee is significant for teachers whose AB 141 Page 6 profession is underpaid. Furthermore, some school districts are covering the full cost of induction, not putting any additional financial burdens on their new teachers, creating an unequal playing field for teachers who have identical experiences, education, and credentials. According to data collected by the CTC, induction fee policies vary greatly around the state. Some LEAs continue to offer induction for free to their beginning teachers, while others are charging up to $2,500 a year for the two year program. Induction Options to Obtain a Clear Teaching Credential: Completion of an approved Induction Program is the primary route to attaining a clear teaching credential. If an employed teacher (employer is defined as a California public school, any school that is sponsored by a private California K12 school, nonpublic, nonsectarian school or agency, charter school, or a school operated under the direction of a California state agency) does not have an Induction Program available to them then the teacher may enroll in a Clear Credential Program. Currently there are 22 Commission-approved Clear Credential programs operating in California (3 California State Universities, 3 Universities of California, and 16 private and independent institutions). Induction Fees: The CTC conducted a survey of CTC-approved induction programs and received 126 responses out of 165 programs. Of the survey respondents, 11.5% of LEA sponsored induction programs reported that they charged fees to induction participants in 2014-15. This equates to 2,063 participants who paid fees out of 17,907 total participants at respondent LEAs. Respondents reported the per year fees range from $390 to $3,350. Analysis Prepared by: Chelsea Kelley / ED. / (916) 319-2087 FN: 0002346 AB 141 Page 7