BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    Ó



                                                                     AB 256


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          Date of Hearing:  April 15, 2015


                        ASSEMBLY COMMITTEE ON APPROPRIATIONS


                                 Jimmy Gomez, Chair


          AB  
          256 (Jones-Sawyer) - As Amended April 7, 2015


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          Urgency:  No  State Mandated Local Program:  YesReimbursable:   
          No


          SUMMARY:


          This bill expands the prohibition against knowingly, willfully,  
          and intentionally tampering with evidence to include digital  
          images and video recordings. Specifically, this bill:  








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          1)Specifies that the prohibition against any individual  
            knowingly, willfully, and intentionally tampering with  
            physical evidence includes tampering with a digital image or  
            video recording, a violation of which is a misdemeanor.

          2)Specifies that the prohibition against a peace officer  
            knowingly, willfully and intentionally tampering with physical  
            evidence to charge someone with a crime or to produce as true  
            evidence at trial includes tampering with a digital image or  
            video recording, a violation of which is a felony punishable  
            by two, three or five years in state prison.

          3)Prohibits a peace officer from knowingly, willfully, and  
            intentionally tampering with physical matter, a digital image,  
            or video recording with the specific intent that the item be  
            unavailable for production, a violation of which is a felony  
            punishable by two, three or five years in state prison.



          FISCAL EFFECT:


          Likely minor fiscal impact to the Department of Corrections and  
          Rehabilitation (CDCR).  If one peace officer were convicted per  
          year for tampering with digital evidence, the annual cost to  
          CDCR would be approximately $27,000 the first year and $54,000  
          the second year, $84,000 the third year.


          Minor, nonreimbursable costs for incarceration, offset to a  
          degree by increased fine revenue, to the extent the misdemeanor  
          results in incarceration. 


          COMMENTS:









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          1)Background.  Current law makes it a misdemeanor for a person  
            to knowingly, willfully, and intentionally alter, modify,  
            plant, place, manufacture, conceal, or move any physical  
            matter, with specific intent that the action will result in a  
            person being charged with a crime, or with the specific intent  
            that the physical matter be will be wrongfully produced as  
            genuine or true upon any trial, proceeding or inquiry. 


            Current law makes it a felony for a peace officer to  
            knowingly, willfully, and intentionally alter, modify, plant,  
            place, manufacture, conceal, or move any physical matter, with  
            specific intent that the action will result in a person being  
            charged with a crime, or with the specific intent that the  
            physical matter will be wrongfully produced as genuine or true  
            upon any trial, proceeding or inquiry. 


          2)Purpose.  According to the author, "Increasingly, as the  
            public captures questionable police practices on video, it is  
            critical that we send a message that altering or deleting  
            these videos will not be tolerated."


          3)Argument in Support:  According to the California Attorneys  
            for Criminal Justice, the sponsor of this bill, "In 2000,  
            Assembly Bill 1993(Romero) was signed into law making it a  
            felony for a peace officer to knowingly alter, place, or move  
            physical matter with the specific intent to wrongfully charge  
            another person for a crime. The AB 1993 was inspired by the  
            Los Angeles Police Department Rampart scandal.



          "However, with technological advancements, this law has not been  
            updated to accommodate these developments. Personal mobile  
            phones and other electronic devices now allow individuals to  
            capture images and videos.  This recording capability has  








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            provided the public an opportunity to lawfully monitor  
            instances of police misconduct."

          Analysis Prepared by:Pedro Reyes / APPR. / (916)  
          319-2081