BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    Ó



                                                                     AB 288


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          CONCURRENCE IN SENATE AMENDMENTS


          AB  
          288 (Holden and Olsen)


          As Amended  September 4, 2015


          Majority vote


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          |ASSEMBLY:  |80-0  |(June 1, 2015) |SENATE: | 40-0 |(September 9,    |
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          Original Committee Reference:  HIGHER ED.




          SUMMARY:  Authorizes the governing board of a community college  
          district (CCD) to enter into a College and Career Access  
          Pathways (CCAP) partnership with the governing board of a school  
          district, in its immediate service area, with the goal of  
          developing seamless pathways from high school to California  
          Community Colleges (CCC) in order to offer or expand dual  
          enrollment opportunities for students who may not be college  
          bound or who are underrepresented in higher education; and,  
          outlines the conditions that must be met prior to the adoption  
          of the CCAP agreement.
          The Senate amendments:


          1)Specify the type of student that will benefit from the CCAP  
            partnerships.









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          2)Require the CCAP partnership agreement to specify the total  
            number of high school students to be served and the total  
            full-time equivalent students (FTES) projected to be claimed  
            by the appropriate CCD.


          3)Specify that the CCC Chancellor may void any CCAP partnership  
            agreement it determines has not complied with the intent of  
            the requirements.


          4)Clarify that the CCAP partnership agreement shall certify that  
            any remedial courses taught by community college faculty shall  
            only be offered to high school students who test as  
            non-proficient in grade 10 or 11, and shall involve a  
            collaborative effort between high school and community college  
            faculty to deliver an innovative remediation course as an  
            intervention in the student's junior or senior year to ensure  
            the student is prepared for college-level work upon  
            graduation.


          5)Require participating CCDs to certify in CCAP partnership  
            agreements that an oversubscribed course may not be offered in  
            the partnership.


          6)Specify that the statewide number of FTES claimed as special  
            admits shall not exceed 10% of the total number of FTES  
            claimed statewide.


          7)Require on or before January 1, 2021, the CCC Chancellor to  
            report to the Legislature, an evaluation of the CCAP  
            partnerships, an assessment of trends in the growth of special  
            admits systemwide and by campus, and, based upon the data  
            collected, as specified, recommendations for program  
            improvements, including, but not necessarily limited to, both  
            of the following:










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             a)   Any recommended changes to the statewide cap on special  
               admit full-time equivalent students to ensure that adults  
               are not being displaced; and,


             b)   Any recommendation concerning the need for additional  
               student assistance or academic resources to ensure the  
               overall success of the CCAP partnerships.


          8)Specify that the CCC Chancellor shall ensure that the number  
            of FTES generated by CCAP partnerships is reported, as  
            specified.


          9)Specify that nothing in this provision is intended to affect a  
            dual enrollment partnership agreement existing on the  
            effective date of this measure under which an early college  
            high school, a middle college high school, or California  
            Career Pathways Trust existing on the effective date of this  
            section is operated.  An early college high school, middle  
            college high school, or California Career Pathways Trust  
            partnership agreement existing on the effective date of this  
            measure shall not operate as a CCAP partnership unless it  
            complies with the provisions of this measure.


          10)Add sunset date of January 1, 2022.


          11)Make minor clarifying and technical changes.


          EXISTING LAW:  


          1)Authorizes the governing board of a school district, upon  
            recommendation of the principal of a student's school of  
            attendance, and with parental consent, to authorize a student  
            who would benefit from advanced scholastic or vocational work  
            to attend a community college as a special part-time or  
            full-time student.  Additionally, current law prohibited a  








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            principal from recommending, for community college summer  
            session attendance, more than 5% of the total number of  
            students in the same grade level and exempted from the five  
            percent cap a student recommended by his or her principal for  
            enrollment in a college-level summer session course if the  
            course in which the pupil was enrolled met specified criteria.  
             These exemptions were repealed on January 1, 2014 (Education  
            Code (EC) Section 48800, et seq.). 
          2)Prohibits a pupil enrolled in a public school from being  
            required to pay a pupil fee for participation in an  
            educational activity; and, specifies that all of the following  
            requirements apply to the prohibition:  


             a)   All supplies, materials, and equipment needed to  
               participate in educational activities shall be provided to  
               pupils free of charge; 
             b)   A fee waiver policy shall not make a pupil fee  
               permissible; 


             c)   School districts and schools shall not establish a  
               two-tier educational system by requiring a minimal  
               educational standard and also offering a second, higher  
               educational standard that pupils may only obtain via  
               payment of a fee or purchase of additional supplies that  
               the school district does not provide; and, 


             d)   A school district or school shall not offer course  
               credit or privileges related to educational activities in  
               exchange for money or donations of goods or services from a  
               pupil or a pupil's parents or guardians, and a school  
               district or school shall not remove course credit or  
               privileges related to educational activities, or otherwise  
               discriminate against a pupil, because the pupil or the  
               pupil's parents or guardians did not or will not provide  
               money or donations of goods or services to the school  
               district or school (EC Section 49011). 


          3)Requires the California Community College Chancellor's Office  








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            (CCCCO) to report to the Department of Finance and Legislature  
            annually on the amount of FTES claimed by each CCC district  
            for high school pupils enrolled in non-credit, non-degree  
            applicable, and degree applicable courses; and provides that,  
            for purposes of receiving state apportionments, CCC districts  
            may only include high school students within the CCC  
            district's report on FTES if the students are enrolled in  
            courses that are open to the general public, as specified.   
            Additionally, current law requires the governing board of a  
            CCC district to assign a low enrollment priority to special  
            part-time or full-time students in order to ensure that these  
            students do not displace regularly admitted community college  
            students (EC Sections 76001 and 76002). 
          FISCAL EFFECT:  According to the Senate Appropriations  
          Committee, unknown cost pressures to fund increased CCC  
          apportionments.  A 1% increase in special FTES, or 172 FTES,  
          would create a cost pressure of about $806,000 using a rate of  
          $4,684 per-FTES (Proposition 98 of 1988).


          COMMENTS:  Concurrent and dual enrollment background.  According  
          to New Directions for Community Colleges, no. 169, Spring 2015,  
          the practice for offering college courses to high school  
          students stems from local practice in many states and was  
          initiated between CCDs and local school districts, but the  
          practice proceeded without clear state policy guidelines,  
          regulations, or direction; resulting in variation in local  
          practice.  Some states, such as Minnesota, as far back as the  
          1980s, were early adopters of state dual credit policies,  
          whereby their state policies provided a framework for offering  
          college courses to high school students and the students  
          receiving both college and high school credit for some of their  
          courses. 


          Concurrent enrollment provides pupils the opportunity to enroll  
          in college courses and earn college credit while still enrolled  
          in high school.  Currently, a pupil is allowed to concurrently  
          enroll in a CCC as a "special admit" while still attending high  
          school, if the pupil's school district determines that the pupil  
          would benefit from "advanced scholastic or vocational work."   
          Special-admit students have typically been advanced pupils  








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          wanting to take more challenging coursework or pupils who come  
          from high schools where Advanced Placement or honors courses are  
          not widely available.  Additionally, programs such as middle  
          college high schools and early college high schools use  
          concurrent enrollment to offer instructional programs for  
          at-risk pupils that focus on college preparatory curricula.   
          These programs are developed through partnerships between a  
          school district and a CCC.  During summer session at a CCC,  
          principals are limited to recommending no more than five percent  
          of their pupils in each grade level to enroll at a CCC during a  
          summer session.  Existing law provides certain exemptions to  
          this process (as aforementioned in current law above).  These  
          exemptions expired on January 1, 2014.  

          Purpose of this bill.  The author states, "Gradually more  
          students are entering community colleges and some CSUs  
          [California State University] assessing below college-level.   
          Consequently, more courses are being offered on their respective  
          campuses to prepare students for college level coursework."  The  
          author contends that, "This measure will increase the  
          accessibility of concurrent enrollment programs in order to  
          continue to achieve the goal of helping low achieving students  
          integrate into a college environment, increase the likelihood a  
          degree program will be completed, decrease the length of time to  
          complete a degree program, and stimulate interest in higher  
          education among high school students." 

          Analysis Prepared by:                                             
                          Jeanice Warden / HIGHER ED. / (916) 319-3960   
          FN: 0002273