BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    Ó



                                                                     AB 329


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          CONCURRENCE IN SENATE AMENDMENTS


          AB  
          329 (Weber)


          As Amended  September 4, 2015


          Majority vote


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          |ASSEMBLY:  |      | (June 2,      |SENATE: |      | (September 10,  |
          |           |51-25 |2015)          |        |26-14 |2015)            |
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          Original Committee Reference:  ED.


          SUMMARY:  Makes instruction in sexual health education  
          mandatory, revises human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) prevention  
          education content, expands topics covered in sexual health  
          education, requires this instruction to be inclusive of  
          different sexual orientations, and clarifies parental consent  
          policy.


          The Senate amendments:


          1)Delete a requirement to provide in-service training on  
            comprehensive sexual health education in addition to HIV  
            prevention education, and state instead that a school district  
            may expand HIV in-service training to cover the topic of  
            comprehensive sexual health education in order for school  
            district personnel who provide this instruction to learn new  
            developments in the scientific understanding of sexual health.








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          2)State that the requirements of the California Healthy Youth  
            Act do not apply to descriptions or illustrations of human  
            reproductive organs in textbooks if the textbooks do not  
            include other elements of comprehensive sexual health  
            education or HIV prevention education.  This would replace a  
            requirement in current law that applies only to textbooks in  
            specific disciplines (physiology, biology, zoology, general  
            science, personal hygiene, and health).


          3)Add chaptering out provisions.


          EXISTING LAW:  


          1)Permits school districts to provide comprehensive sexual  
            health education, and places a number of requirements on  
            districts choosing to provide that instruction.  Among, these  
            requirements, instruction must be age appropriate, medically  
            accurate and objective, teach respect for committed  
            relationships and marriage, encourage students to speak with  
            their parents or guardians about human sexuality, be  
            appropriate and accessible for use with students with  
            disabilities, and be appropriate for students of all races,  
            genders, sexual orientations, and ethnic and cultural  
            backgrounds.  


          2)Requires school districts to provide HIV/Acquired Immune  
            Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) prevention education, and specifies  
            what is to be included in that instruction.  Requires  
            in-service training of instructors providing HIV/AIDS  
            prevention education.


          3)Permits instruction to be provided by outside consultants and  
            guest speakers at assemblies and requires that this  
            instruction conform to the requirements for school district  
            instruction.








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          4)States that a parent or guardian of a student has the right to  
            excuse their child from all or part of comprehensive sexual  
            health education, HIV/AIDS prevention education, and related  
            assessments, and requires that parents be notified of this  
            right.


          FISCAL EFFECT:  According to the Senate Appropriations  
          Committee, unknown, but costs likely at least in the low  
          millions (Proposition 98 of 1988) to expand the existing  
          mandate.  Costs are minor and absorbable to the California  
          Department of Education.  This bill expands what school  
          districts are able to claim as a reimbursable state mandate  
          under the existing mandate, regardless of whether this  
          instruction is already being provided.  It also requires school  
          districts to incorporate new components in their comprehensive  
          sexual health and HIV prevention education programs, or create a  
          comprehensive sexual health program if they do not offer one  
          already.  Costs would vary by school district. 


          COMMENTS:  


          Purposes of this bill.  The author explains that this bill is  
          intended to address five topics by:


          1)Updating the HIV and AIDS prevention education to reflect  
            today's understanding of HIV and AIDS.


          2)Ensuring that students are receiving comprehensive and  
            accurate prevention information for HIV, other sexually  
            transmitted infections, and unintended pregnancy, as well as  
            information about local health resources.


          3)Clarifying and bolstering existing requirements that  
            instruction and materials be appropriate for students of all  








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            sexual orientations and genders.


          4)Clarifying the existing passive consent policy for parental  
            consent.


          5)Including new language relating to adolescent relationship  
            abuse and sex trafficking, and reinforcing a focus on healthy  
            attitudes, healthy behaviors, and healthy relationships.


          Making comprehensive sexual health education mandatory.  Current  
          law does not mandate sexual health education, but places  
          requirements on instruction that is voluntarily provided to  
          students.  While this instruction is voluntary, research has  
          shown that nearly all (96%) school districts offer a program of  
          sexual health education.  In contrast, HIV/AIDS prevention  
          education has been mandated since 1992.  This bill proposes to  
          combine sexual health education and the HIV/AIDS prevention  
          education statutes into a single, mandatory program of  
          instruction.  Proponents of this bill argue that this bill  
          reflects the way that sexual health and HIV prevention education  
          is actually provided in schools - as an integrated program of  
          instruction.  Research has found that 93% of schools teach the  
          two topics as one class.  


          Compliance problems.  A 2011 report from the University of  
          California, San Francisco, titled Uneven Progress: Sex Education  
          in California Schools, found that since the last major reform in  
          this area there have been improvements in instruction, but that  
          there remain problems regarding school district compliance with  
          current law.  Among the findings:


          1)Twenty-five percent of districts discussed the required topic  
            of emergency contraception.


          2)Fifty-eight percent of districts included required information  
            about contraception in middle and high school.








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          3)Twenty-five percent of districts omitted required HIV  
            prevention topics.


          4)Sixteen percent of districts taught students that condoms are  
            not an effective way to prevent pregnancy and transmission of  
            STIs.


          5)Nineteen percent of districts reported that birth control  
            methods are mentioned but that most of the instructional time  
            was spent on the benefits of abstinence.


          6)Thirty percent of districts addressed sexual orientation.


          7)Thirty-seven percent of districts did not provide required  
            teacher training.


          8)Thirty-nine percent of districts failed to provide required  
            materials in languages other than English.


          9)Twenty-seven percent of districts failed to provide required  
            materials to make content accessible to students with  
            disabilities.


          CDE changing its interpretation of parental consent law.   
          Contrary to significant Legislative history on this issue, the  
          CDE has advised school districts that the law permits them to  
          adopt an "opt in" policy regarding comprehensive sexual health  
          instruction (but not HIV/AIDS prevention education).  The CDE  
          has recently informed staff that it is in the process of  
          changing this interpretation, and will be advising that "opt in"  
          policies are prohibited.










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          Analysis Prepared by:                                             
                          Tanya Lieberman / ED. / (916) 319-2087  FN:  
          0002254