BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    Ó



          SENATE COMMITTEE ON HEALTH
                          Senator Ed Hernandez, O.D., Chair

          BILL NO:                    AB 614    
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          |AUTHOR:        |Brown                                          |
          |---------------+-----------------------------------------------|
          |VERSION:       |June 2, 2015                                   |
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          |HEARING DATE:  |June 24, 2015  |               |               |
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          |CONSULTANT:    |Melanie Moreno                                 |
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           SUBJECT  :  Health care standards of practice

           SUMMARY  :  Permits the Department of Public Health, without taking  
          regulatory action, to update references in the California Code  
          of Regulations (CCR) to health care standards of practice  
          adopted by a recognized state or national association when the  
          state or national association and its outdated standards are  
          already named in the CCR.
          
          Existing law:
          1.Requires the Licensing and Certification Division (L&C) of the  
            Department of Public Health (DPH) to inspect and license  
            health facilities, including but not limited to clinics,  
            skilled nursing facilities, acute care hospitals, and  
            psychiatric hospitals.

          2.Requires DPH adopt, amend, or repeal, any reasonable rules and  
            regulations necessary or proper to carry out the purposes and  
            intent of existing law related to the licensing of health  
            facilities and to enable DPH to exercise the powers and  
            perform the duties conferred upon it by that law, as  
            specified.

          3.Establishes, under the Administrative Procedures Act (APA), a  
            process for adopting, amending, or repealing regulations  
            through the Office of Administrative Law (OAL).
          
          This bill:
          1)Permits DPH, without taking regulatory action, to update  
            references in the CCR to health care standards of practice  
            adopted by a recognized state or national association when the  
            state or national association and its outdated standards are  
            already named in the CCR. 







          AB 614 (Brown)                                      Page 2 of ?
          
          

          2)Requires DPH, when updating these references, to:

                  a)        Post notice of their proposed adoption of the  
                    state or national association's health care standards  
                    of practice on its web site for at least 45 days.  
                    Requires the notice to include the name of the state  
                    or national association, the title of the health care  
                    standards of practice, and the version of the updated  
                    health care standards of practice to be adopted.
                  b)        Notify stakeholders that the proposed  
                    standards have been posted on the web site by issuing  
                    a mailing to the most recent stakeholder list on file  
                    with the DPH's Office of Regulations.
                  c)        Submit the required notice to the OAL.  
                    Requires the OAL to publish in the California  
                    Regulatory Notice Register any notice received; and,
                  d)        Accept public comment for at least 30 days  
                    after the conclusion of the 45-day posting period.

          3)Requires a public hearing to be held if a member of the public  
            requests one during the public comment period.  

          4)Requires DPH to consider any comments received during the  
            public comment period prior to the adoption of the health care  
            standards whether or not a public hearing is requested.

          5)Specifies that written responses to public comments are not  
            required. 

          6)Requires DPH to seek adoption of new standards using the  
            regulatory process if public comments are submitted in  
            opposition to the adoption of the proposed standards, or the  
            state or national association named in the CCR no longer  
            exists. Specifies that a state or national association named  
            in the CCR that has changed its name does not constitute an  
            association that no longer exists.

          7)Requires DPH to update its Internet Web site to notify the  
            public that the standard has been adopted and the effective  
            date of that standard if no opposition to the change is  
            received.

          8)Makes technical, clarifying changes to existing law related to  
            the inpatient treatment of eating disorders.








          AB 614 (Brown)                                      Page 3 of ?
          
          

           FISCAL  
          EFFECT  :  According to the Assembly Appropriations Committee,  
          negligible state fiscal effect. 
           PRIOR  
          VOTES  :  
          
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          |Assembly Floor:                     |77 - 0                      |
          |------------------------------------+----------------------------|
          |Assembly Appropriations Committee:  |17 - 0                      |
          |------------------------------------+----------------------------|
          |Assembly Health Committee:          |16 - 0                      |
          |                                    |                            |
           ----------------------------------------------------------------- 
           
          COMMENTS  :
          1)Author's statement.  According to the author, this bill would  
            streamline DPH's process used to update health care standards  
            of practice in health facilities and clinics.  Currently,  
            DPH's L&C Program has a substantial backlog of regulations  
            that are subject to the APA. The APA requires a full  
            rulemaking process in order to update these standards, taking  
            up to three years or longer for each regulation update to  
            complete.  AB 614 will also improve the quality of patient  
            care provided in licensed health facilities by eliminating the  
            need to revise regulations through the full APA process simply  
            to update references to the most recent standards of practice.  
            This change will lead to a more efficient and cost effective  
            method for ensuring that health facilities and DPH are  
            referencing standards and providing care that is consistent  
            with the most current nationally recognized professional  
            standards.

          2)L&C division.  According to the L&C Annual Report for Fiscal  
            Year 2015-16, it is responsible for regulatory oversight of  
            licensed health care facilities and health care professionals  
            to ensure safe, effective, and quality health care for all  
            Californians. L&C licenses and certifies over 7,500 health  
            care facilities and agencies in California in 30 different  
            licensure and certification categories.  In order to ensure  
            compliance with federal and state laws, they conduct periodic  
            inspections and complaint investigations of health care  
            facilities. Facilities regulated by L&C include, but are not  
            limited to, nursing homes, general and psychiatric hospitals,  








          AB 614 (Brown)                                      Page 4 of ?
          
          
            acute care hospitals, special hospitals, community clinics,  
            congregate living health facilities, skilled nursing  
            facilities, surgical clinics, rehabilitation clinics, dialysis  
            clinics, correctional treatment centers and intermediate care  
            facilities.  L&C also certifies nurse assistants, home health  
            aides, and hemodialysis technicians and licenses nursing home  
            administrators. 
          
          3)Regulatory process.  According to the OAL, the regulatory  
            process is designed to provide the public with a meaningful  
            opportunity to participate in the adoption of regulations or  
            rules that have the force of law and to ensure the creation of  
            an adequate record for the public, OAL, and judicial review.  
            The OAL is responsible for reviewing administrative  
            regulations proposed by over 200 state agencies for compliance  
            with the standards set forth in the APA. To initiate a  
            rulemaking action, an agency first issues a public notice, and  
            has one year within which to complete the rulemaking and  
            submit to OAL. The APA requires a minimum of 45-days comment  
            to the agency, in writing, on the proposed regulation.  After  
            the initial public comment period, changes to the initial  
            proposal may be made.  Agencies must make each substantial,  
            sufficiently related change available for public comment for  
            at least 15 days before adoption. Upon receipt of a proposed  
            regulation, OAL has 30 working days to conduct its review and  
            determine whether it demonstrates that the agency satisfied  
            the procedural requirement of the APA, and review the proposed  
            regulations for compliance with the six legal standards set  
            forth in the APA.  According to DPH, their experience is that  
            a relatively simple regulation packet could move through the  
            process in as few as 15-18 months, while regulations  
            pertaining to more complicated subject matter can sometimes  
            take several years, depending on the volume of public  
            comments.

          4)Standards of practice.  Nationally recognized professional  
            organizations use industry expertise, information gathered  
            through research, patient outcomes, and best practices to  
            develop standards that are used by various health care  
            professions in an effort to provide quality care.  For  
            example, the American Academy of Pediatrics publishes clinical  
            practice guidelines on a range of subjects including: The  
            Diagnosis, Management, and Prevention of Bronchiolitis,  
            Management of Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in  
            Children and Adolescents, and Treatment of the School-Aged  








          AB 614 (Brown)                                      Page 5 of ?
          
          
            Child With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder.   
            Additionally, a number of national organizations publish  
            standards intended to guide the profession in day-to-day  
            practice, including the American Association of Nurse  
            Practitioners, the American Nurses Association, and the  
            American Association of Nurse Anesthetists.  In addition,  
            there are other documents relevant to specialties.  For  
            example,  Pediatric Nursing: Scope and Standards of Practice  
            is a collaborative effort of the ANA, the Society for  
            Pediatric Nurses (SPN), and the National Association of  
            Pediatric Nurse Practitioners and is meant to define the scope  
            of practice and standards of practice for pediatric nursing.

          5)Obsolete references to standards of practice.  According to  
            DPH, there are approximately 30 references to outdated  
            standards of practice in Title 22 of the CCR (which apply to  
            various health facilities, including clinics, and general  
            acute care hospitals), some of which are referenced in more  
            than one place, and dating as far back as 1961.  The American  
            Dietetic Association standards of practice referenced for  
            educational programs for dietetic service staff in general  
            acute care hospitals were adopted in June 1974.  DPH is  
            currently in the process of updating Title 22.  Some of the  
            regulatory packets could be completed later this year, other  
            more complex packets will take several years to complete, and  
            due to the volume (Title 22 affects up to 30 different types  
            of health facilities), DPH estimates that the entire update  
            will not be complete until sometime in 2025.  Currently,  
            health facilities affected by regulations which reference  
            outdated standards of practice are requesting program  
            flexibility from DPH to allow them to operate using more  
            current medical standards.

          6)DPH and outdated regulations. The author states that this bill  
            is necessary because L&C has a substantial backlog of  
            regulations that are subject to the APA. This is not the only  
            case of outdated regulations not being addressed by DPH.  In  
            the fall of 2014, this Committee asked the Senate Office of  
            Research to identify outdated regulations under the purview of  
            DPH.  Working with DPH, approximately 25 instances were  
            identified in which statute required a regulation be  
            promulgated or updated, but that had not been done (most of  
            these in L&C):

            








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             ----------------------------------------------------------- 
            |DPH Center/Office          |Regulatio|Regulation|Regulation|
            |                           |ns       |s In      |s         |
            |                           |Identifie|Process   |Completed |
            |                           |d        |          |Since     |
            |                           |         |          |2009      |
            |---------------------------+---------+----------+----------|
            |Center for Chronic Disease |3        |0         |0         |
            |Prevention and Health      |         |          |          |
            |Promotion-Environmental    |         |          |          |
            |and Occupational Disease   |         |          |          |
            |Control                    |         |          |          |
            |---------------------------+---------+----------+----------|
            |Center for Chronic Disease |1        |0         |1         |
            |Prevention and Health      |         |          |          |
            |Promotion                  |         |          |          |
            |---------------------------+---------+----------+----------|
            |Center for Environmental   |9        |8         |3         |
            |Health-Food, Drug, and     |         |          |          |
            |Radiation Safety           |         |          |          |
            |---------------------------+---------+----------+----------|
            |Center for Environmental   |6        |0         |1         |
            |Health- Environmental      |         |          |          |
            |Management Branch          |         |          |          |
            |---------------------------+---------+----------+----------|
            |Center for Family Health-  |5        |4         |3         |
            |Genetic Disease Screening  |         |          |          |
            |Program                    |         |          |          |
            |---------------------------+---------+----------+----------|
            |Center for Family Health-  |2        |0         |1         |
            |Women, Infants, and        |         |          |          |
            |Children                   |         |          |          |
            |---------------------------+---------+----------+----------|
            |Center for Health Care     |30       |8         |7         |
            |Quality- Licensing and     |         |          |          |
            |Certification              |         |          |          |
            |---------------------------+---------+----------+----------|
            |Office of the State Public |7        |3         |0         |
            |Health Laboratory          |         |          |          |
            |---------------------------+---------+----------+----------|
            |Center for Infectious      |2        |1         |5         |
            |Diseases- Communicable     |         |          |          |
            |Disease Control            |         |          |          |
            |---------------------------+---------+----------+----------|








          AB 614 (Brown)                                      Page 7 of ?
          
          
            |Center for Infectious      |1        |1         |4         |
            |Diseases-Office of AIDS    |         |          |          |
            |---------------------------+---------+----------+----------|
            |Other Divisions or         |         |          |7         |
            |Branches with no           |         |          |          |
            |identified regs at this    |         |          |          |
            |time, but with completed   |         |          |          |
            |regs.                      |         |          |          |
            |---------------------------+---------+----------+----------|
            |Total                      |66       |25        |32        |
            |                           |         |          |          |
             ----------------------------------------------------------- 
            
          7)Support.  DPH, the sponsor of this bill, contends that in  
            order to remain compliant with up-to-date clinical practices  
            instead of being errantly held to antiquated practices in  
            state regulations, facilities must request program flexibility  
            from DPH, and this additional step creates hurdles for health  
            facilities and clinics.  DPH concludes that this bill will  
            eliminate the need to revise regulations simply to update  
            references to the most recent standards of practice. The  
            California Long-Term Care Ombudsman Association supports this  
            bill because it helps to create a more efficient and cost  
            effective method for ensuring skilled nursing facilities are  
            referencing standards and providing care that is consistent  
            with the most current nationally recognized professional  
            standards. 

          8)Policy comment. There are numerous instances in which a  
            regulated entity cannot operate effectively because factors in  
            today's world conflict with regulations that have not been  
            updated by DPH in 20 to 30 years. This problem has affected  
            health care facilities, labs, pharmacies, and narcotic  
            treatment facilities, among others.  There have been a number  
            of bills that have come through this Committee to work around  
            outdated regulations, without leaving facilities unregulated  
            entirely. Those bills have been drafted to address specific  
            instances in which an outdated regulation was limiting the  
            ability of providers to practice in the most effective manner.  
            For example, federal regulations were amended in 2001 to allow  
            for Sunday or holiday closure of methadone clinics in certain  
            cases while state regulations have not been updated for over  
            20 years and require methadone clinics to be open seven days a  
            week. There are take-home doses of methadone available that  
            are safe to use, ensuring that patients do not have a break in  








          AB 614 (Brown)                                      Page 8 of ?
          
          
            treatment if a facility were closed one day a week. Another  
            bill heard by this Committee permits pharmacy technicians,  
            rather than pharmacists, to check expiration dates on the  
            labels of drugs in a hospital pharmacy - something currently  
            prohibited by a regulation not updated since its promulgation  
            in 1986.  While this Committee has approved a piecemeal  
            approach to the problem of outdated regulations, the  
            longstanding reluctance of DPH to utilize the standard  
            rulemaking process is troubling.  It is encouraging that DPH  
            is currently engaged in an effort to update Title 22 regs.   
            DPH should also examine what the barriers have been to using  
            the APA process in an effort to make that a more routine part  
            of their role as a regulator.

           SUPPORT AND OPPOSITION  :
          Support:  California State Department of Public Health (sponsor)  

                    American Federation of State, County and Municipal  
               Employees
                    Arc and United Cerebral Palsy California Collaboration
                    California Commission on Aging
                    California Senior Legislature
                    Congress of California Seniors
          
          Oppose:   None received.

                                      -- END --