BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    Ó



          SENATE COMMITTEE ON APPROPRIATIONS
                             Senator Ricardo Lara, Chair
                            2015 - 2016  Regular  Session

          AB 626 (Chiu) - Public contracts:  claim resolution
          
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          |Version: June 8, 2016           |Policy Vote: JUD. 7 - 0         |
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          |Urgency: No                     |Mandate: Yes                    |
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          |Hearing Date: August 1, 2016    |Consultant: Jolie Onodera       |
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          This bill meets the criteria for referral to the Suspense File. 

          Bill  
          Summary:  AB 626 would, until January 1, 2020, establish a  
          claims resolution process for public works contracts entered  
          into on or after January 1, 2017, by which a general contractor  
          may seek a public entity's review of the claim. 


          Fiscal  
          Impact:  
           State agencies  :  Potential costs (General Fund) to state  
            agencies not specifically exempted from the bill's provisions,  
            including the University of California and the California  
            State University, that engage in public works contracts for  
            claims review and resolution, which will result in additional  
            administrative costs to review, evaluate, and respond to  
            claims within 45 days, and for mandated mediation. State  
            agencies are currently not subject to any statutory timelines  
            for claims review and resolution, and unresolved claims are  
            subject to arbitration. Staff notes the state agencies with  
            numerous public works contracts and/or large-scale projects  
            (i.e., CalTrans, DWR, DGS, High Speed Rail Authority) have  
            been exempted from the bill's provisions.







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            Local agencies  :  Potentially major state-reimbursable costs in  
            the millions of dollars (General Fund) to local agencies  
            engaged in public works projects to the extent this new  
            process results in higher administrative costs, including any  
            increase in administrative costs incurred under the existing  
            process for resolution of claims under $375,000.
            Interest  :  Additional costs to state and local agencies for  
            additional interest costs accrued on late payments under the  
            timelines prescribed in this bill. 


          Background:  Existing law prescribes various requirements regarding the  
          formation, content, and enforcement of state and local public  
          contracts. Existing law applicable to state public contracts  
          generally requires that the resolution of claims related to  
          those contracts be subject to arbitration. Existing law for  
          local agency public works requires all claims made for work  
          arising out of the contract, but not expressly provided for in  
          that contract, that are $375,000 or less to first be resolved  
          through administrative resolution procedures. However, if the  
          contract provides for arbitration, the claim will have to be  
          arbitrated according to express arbitration statutes. The  
          arbitration statutes apply to both local agency and state agency  
          public work contracts.  
          This bill prescribes a new claims resolution process by which a  
          contractor can submit a claim to a public entity.


          Proposed  
          Law:  This bill would establish a claims resolution process for  
          public works contracts entered into on or after January 1, 2017,  
          as follows:
           Precludes any other claim resolution provision and applies to  
            any claim by a contractor in connection with a public works  
            project. 
           Provides the following definitions: 
               o      "Claim" means a separate demand by the contractor  
                 sent by registered or certified mail for one or more of  
                 the following: (a) a time extension, including, without  
                 limitation, for relief from damages or penalties for  
                 delay assessed by a public entity under a contract for a  
                 public works project; (b) payment by the public entity of  
                 money or damages arising from work done by, or on behalf  
                 of, the contractor pursuant to the contract for a public  








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                 works project and payment for which is not otherwise  
                 expressly provided or to which the claimant is not  
                 otherwise entitled; or (c) payment of an amount that is  
                 disputed by the public entity; 

               o      "Contractor" means any type of contractor subject to  
                 the Contractor's State License Law who has entered into a  
                 direct contract with a public entity for a public works  
                 project; 

               o      "Public entity" means, without limitation, except as  
                 provided, a state agency, department, office, division,  
                 bureau, board, or commission, the California State  
                 University, the University of California, a city,  
                 including a charter city, county, including a charter  
                 county, city and county, including a charter city and  
                 county, district, special district, public authority,  
                 political subdivision, public corporation, or nonprofit  
                 transit corporation wholly owned by a public agency and  
                 formed to carry out the purposes of the public agency;

               o      "Public entity" shall not include the following:

                    §           The Department of Water Resources (DWR),  
                      as to any project under its jurisdiction.

                    §           The Department of Transportation  
                      (CalTrans), as to any project under its  
                      jurisdiction.

                    §           The Department of Parks and Recreation, as  
                      to any project under its jurisdiction.

                    §           The Department of Corrections and  
                      Rehabilitation (CDCR), with respect to any project  
                      under its jurisdiction, as specified.

                    §           The Military Department, as to any project  
                      under its jurisdiction.

                    §           The Department of General Services (DGS)  
                      as to all other projects.

                    §           The High-Speed Rail Authority. 








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               o      "Public works project" means the erection,  
                 construction, alteration, repair, or improvement of any  
                 public structure, building, road, or other public  
                 improvement of any kind; 
               o      "Subcontractor" means any type of contractor subject  
                 to the Contractor's State License Law who either is in  
                 direct contract with a contractor or is a lower tier  
                 subcontractor. 
           Upon receipt of a claim, requires a public entity to which the  
            claim applies to conduct a reasonable review of the claim and,  
            within a period not to exceed 45 days, provide the claimant a  
            written statement identifying what portion of the claim is  
            disputed and what portion is undisputed. Authorizes a public  
            entity and a contractor to, by mutual agreement, extend the  
            45-day time period.
           If the public entity needs approval from its governing body to  
            provide the claimant the written statement, and the governing  
            body does not meet within the 45 days or within the mutually  
            agreed to extension of time following receipt of a claim sent  
            by registered mail or certified mail, return receipt  
            requested, provides the public agency up to three days  
            following the next duly publicly noticed meeting of the  
            governing body after the 45-day period, or extension, expires  
            to provide the claimant a written statement identifying the  
            disputed portion and the undisputed portion. 
           Requires any payment due on an undisputed portion of the claim  
            to be processed and made within 60 days after the public  
            entity issues its written statement; if the public entity  
            fails to issue a written statement, the claim would be deemed  
            rejected in its entirety. 
           Requires any payment due on an undisputed portion of the claim  
            to be processed and made within 60 days after the public  
            entity issues its written statement, and any disputed portion  
            of the claim, as identified by the contractor in writing,  
            would be required to be submitted to nonbinding mediation,  
            with the public entity and the claimant sharing the associated  
            costs equally.
           Requires the public entity and claimant to mutually agree to a  
            mediator within 10 business days after the disputed portion of  
            the claim has been identified in writing, and, if the parties  
            cannot agree upon a mediator, each party would select a  
            mediator and those mediators would select a qualified neutral  
            third party to mediate with regard to the disputed portion of  








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            the claim. 
           Requires each party to bear the fees and costs charged by its  
            respective mediator, as specified. If mediation is  
            unsuccessful, requires the parts of the claim remaining in  
            dispute to be subject to other applicable claim resolution  
            procedures. 
           Unless otherwise agreed to by the public entity and the  
            contractor in writing, requires the mediation conducted  
            pursuant to this bill to excuse any further obligation to  
            mediate after litigation has been commenced. 
           Does not preclude a public entity from requiring arbitration  
            of disputes under private arbitration or the Public Works  
            Contract Arbitration Program, if mediation does not resolve  
            the parties' dispute. 
           Specifies that failure by the public entity to respond to a  
            claim from a contractor within the time periods described  
            would result in the claim being deemed rejected in its  
            entirety. Provides that a claim denied by reason of a public  
            entity's failure to have responded to a claim, or its failure  
            to otherwise meet the time requirements shall not constitute  
            an adverse finding with regard to the merits of the claim or  
            the responsibility or qualifications of the claimant.
           Requires amounts not paid in a timely manner to bear interest  
            at 7 percent per annum. 
           If a subcontractor or a lower tier subcontractor lacks legal  
            standing to assert a claim against a public entity because  
            privity of contract does not exist, authorizes the contractor  
            to present to the public entity a claim on behalf of a  
            subcontractor or lower tier subcontractor. 
           Authorizes a subcontractor to request in writing, either on  
            his or her own behalf or on behalf of a lower tier  
            subcontractor, that the contractor present a claim for work  
            which was performed by the subcontractor or by a lower tier  
            subcontractor on behalf of the subcontractor. 
           Requires the subcontractor requesting that the claim be  
            presented to the public entity to furnish reasonable  
            documentation to support the claim.
           Within 45 days of receipt of that written request, requires  
            the contractor to notify the subcontractor in writing as to  
            whether the contractor presented the claim to the public  
            entity and, if the original contractor did not present the  
            claim, provide the subcontractor with a statement of the  
            reasons for not having done so. 
           Requires the text of the provisions provided under this bill  








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            or a summary of it to be set forth in the plans or  
            specifications for any public works project that may give rise  
            to a claim under this bill.
           Makes a waiver of the rights granted by this bill void and  
            contrary to public policy, subject to specified conditions.
           Provides that nothing in this bill shall impose a liability  
            upon a public entity that makes loans or grants available  
            through a competitive application process, for the failure of  
            the awardee to meet its contractual obligations.
           Sunsets the bill's provisions on January 1, 2020.


          Related  
          Legislation:  AB 1347 (Chiu) 2015 was substantially similar to  
          this bill when it was heard by this Committee, with the  
          exception that the exemption for the Department of  
          Transportation was not provided for in AB 1347 (but was later  
          amended to exempt CalTrans prior to the bill being presented to  
          the Governor). This bill was vetoed by the Governor with the  
          following message:
          I am returning Assembly Bill 1347 without my signature. This  
          bill creates, for three years, a new dispute resolution process  
          under which contractors could seek public agency review of  
          claims that arise during public works projects. 



          Contractors who perform work for public agencies should be paid  
          promptly. Swift resolution of payment disputes is in the best  
          interest of contractors, workers, and the public agencies that  
          are charged with efficiently managing taxpayer funds. I'm not  
          convinced, however, that the procedures contemplated by this  
          bill are an improvement over current law.

          I am committed, however, to ensuring timely payment for work  
          ordered by public agencies. In the interest of furthering that  
          goal I am directing my departments to immediately work with  
          industry partners and the proponents of this bill on ways of  
          improving our prompt payment policies.
          Prior Legislation:  AB 2471 (Frazier) 2014 would have required  
          state and local public entities engaged in a public works  
          contract awarded to the lowest bidder to promptly issue change  
          orders when extra work was required of the contractor or  
          subcontractor. This bill stalled in this Committee without a  








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          hearing.
          
          AB 2096 (Miller) 2010 would have allowed a public agency and a  
          contractor to mutually agree to resolve a claim through  
          independent arbitration. This bill failed passage in the  
          Assembly Committee on Judiciary.




          Staff  
          Comments:  By requiring state agencies not otherwise exempted to  
          adhere to the claims resolution process specified in this  
          measure, the provisions of this bill could result in significant  
          personnel costs (General Fund) for evaluation, response,  
          coordination, and oversight activities related to submitted  
          claims requiring action within the prescribed timeframes of this  
          measure. Although the bill exempts specified state agencies  
          involved with numerous public works projects and/or large-scale  
          projects (i.e., CalTrans, DWR, DGS, High Speed Rail Authority),  
          this bill still applies its requirements upon all other public  
          entities not specifically exempted, including but not limited to  
          the UC and California State University. The number of claims  
          potentially submitted by contractors for public works projects  
          entered into by non-exempted public entities cannot be known  
          with certainty, and as a result, the costs are unknown, but  
          potentially significant.
          In addition to one-time costs to rewrite specifications, policy,  
          construction and oversight manuals, forms, and provide training,  
          ongoing resource needs could be required to address the workload  
          involved with submitted claims. 


          This bill requires that the "associated cost" of mediation to be  
          shared equally between the public entity and the claimant. In  
          the absence of a definition, however, it is unclear to what  
          extent "associated costs" would extend or what costs it would  
          include.


          By requiring local agencies to adhere to the claims resolution  
          process specified in this measure, this bill creates a  
          state-mandated local program, potentially resulting in major  
          state-reimbursable costs in the millions of dollars (General  








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          Fund) through the three-year operative period to local agencies  
          engaged in public works projects. While the magnitude of costs  
          to local agencies cannot be estimated with certainty, given the  
          volume of local public works projects and claims subject to this  
          resolution process, costs are potentially substantial.




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