BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    Ó




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          |SENATE RULES COMMITTEE            |                        AB 626|
          |Office of Senate Floor Analyses   |                              |
          |(916) 651-1520    Fax: (916)      |                              |
          |327-4478                          |                              |
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                                   THIRD READING 


          Bill No:  AB 626
          Author:   Chiu (D) and Low (D), et al.
          Amended:  6/8/16 in Senate
          Vote:     21 

           SENATE JUDICIARY COMMITTEE:  7-0, 6/28/16
           AYES:  Jackson, Moorlach, Anderson, Hertzberg, Leno, Monning,  
            Wieckowski

           SENATE APPROPRIATIONS COMMITTEE:  7-0, 8/11/16
           AYES:  Lara, Bates, Beall, Hill, McGuire, Mendoza, Nielsen

           ASSEMBLY FLOOR:  55-24, 6/3/15 - See last page for vote

           SUBJECT:   Public contracts:  claim resolution


          SOURCE:    Author

          

          DIGEST:  This bill, until January 1, 2020, establishes, for  
          public works contracts entered into on or after January 1, 2017,  
          a claim resolution procedure by which a general contractor can  
          seek public agency review of the claim.  


          ANALYSIS:  

          Existing law:

            1)  Provides that, in the event that a dispute arises between  
              the local public entity and the contractor whether the  
              conditions materially differ, or involve hazardous waste, or  
              cause a decrease or increase in the contractor's cost of, or  








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              time required for, performance of any part of the work, the  
              contractor is not excused from any scheduled completion date  
              provided for by the contract.

            2)  Provides that the contractor retains any and all rights  
              provided either by contract or by law which pertain to the  
              resolution of disputes and protests between the contracting  
              parties. 

            3)  Authorizes public agencies to make changes in construction  
              contracts for public improvements in the course of  
              construction, and requires the contractor to be paid for the  
              changes in accordance with the provisions of the contract  
              governing payment for changes in the work.

            4)  Authorizes, pursuant to contract terms and by mutual  
              consent of the contracting parties, any public agency to  
              terminate, amend, or modify any contract within the scope of  
              such authority; however, this provision does not apply to  
              contracts entered into pursuant to any statute expressly  
              requiring that contracts be let or awarded on the basis of  
              competitive bids.

            5)  Prohibits, except as otherwise provided, a suit for money  
              or damages against a public entity on a cause of action for  
              which a claim is required to be presented until a written  
              claim therefor has been presented to the public entity and  
              has been acted upon or rejected by the board.

            6)  Prescribes a contract claims resolution process for  
              contracts entered into with a state agency and requires  
              arbitration of a claim, as defined. 

            7)  Authorizes a claimant to initiate arbitration no later  
              than 90 days after the date of personal or mail service on  
              the claimant of the final written decision by the  
              appropriate public agency department on the claim; however,  
              this limitation does not apply to any claim founded on any  
              cost audit, latent defect, warranty, or guarantee under the  
              contract.

            8)  Prohibits arbitration until the claimant pursues  








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              diligently and exhausts, as to the claim, the required  
              administrative procedures set forth in the contract under  
              which the claim arose, as specified.

            9)  Authorizes a party to the contract to join in the  
              arbitration as a party, any supplier, subcontractor, design  
              professional, surety, or other person who has so agreed and  
              if the joinder is necessary to prevent a substantial risk of  
              the party otherwise being subjected to inconsistent  
              obligations or decisions.

          This bill:

            1)  Requires, upon receipt of a claim, the public entity to  
              which the claim applies to conduct a reasonable review of  
              the claim and, within a period not to exceed 45 days,  
              provide the claimant a written statement identifying what  
              portion of the claim is disputed and what portion is  
              undisputed.  However, a public entity and a contractor may,  
              by mutual agreement, extend the time period.

            2)  Requires the claimant to furnish reasonable documentation  
              to support the claim, and provides, if the public entity  
              needs approval from its governing body to provide the  
              claimant a written statement identifying the disputed  
              portion and the undisputed portion of the claim, and the  
              governing body does not meet within the 45 days following  
              receipt of a claim sent by registered mail, the public  
              entity up to three days following the next duly publicly  
              noticed meeting after the 45 day period, or extension  
              expires to provide the claimant the written statement.

            3)  Requires any payment due on an undisputed portion of the  
              claim to be processed and made within 60 days after the  
              public entity issues its written statement; if the public  
              entity fails to issue a written statement, the claim would  
              be deemed rejected in its entirety.

            4)  Authorizes, if the claimant disputes the public entity's  
              written response, or if the public entity fails to respond  
              to a claim issued within the time prescribed, the claimant  
              to demand in writing an informal conference to meet and  








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              confer for settlement of the issues in dispute, and, upon  
              receipt of a demand in writing sent by registered mail or  
              certified mail, return receipt requested, the public entity  
              would be required to schedule a meet and confer conference  
              within 30 days for settlement of the dispute.

            5)  Requires, within 10 business days following the conclusion  
              of the meet and confer conference, if the claim or any  
              portion of the claim remains in dispute, the public entity  
              to provide the claimant a written statement identifying the  
              portion of the claim that remains in dispute and the portion  
              that is undisputed. 

            6)  Requires any payment due on an undisputed portion of the  
              claim to be processed and made within 60 days after the  
              public entity issues its written statement, and any disputed  
              portion of the claim, as identified by the contractor in  
              writing, would be required to be submitted to nonbinding  
              mediation, with the public entity and the claimant sharing  
              the associated costs equally. 

            7)  Requires the public entity and claimant to mutually agree  
              to a mediator within 10 business days after the disputed  
              portion of the claim has been identified in writing, and, if  
              the parties cannot agree upon a mediator, each party would  
              select a mediator and those mediators would select a  
              qualified neutral third party to mediate with regard to the  
              disputed portion of the claim. 

            8)  Provides that if the parties cannot agree upon a mediator,  
              each party shall select a mediator and those mediators shall  
              select a qualified neutral third party to mediate the  
              disputed portion of the claim, and each party shall bear the  
              fees and costs charged by their respective mediators in  
              selecting the neutral mediator.

            9)  Provides that if mediation is unsuccessful, the parts of  
              the claim remaining in dispute would be subject to other  
              applicable claim resolution procedures.

            10) Specifies that mediation includes any nonbinding process,  
              including, but not limited to, neutral evaluation or a  








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              dispute review board, in which an independent third party or  
              board assists the parties in dispute resolution through  
              negotiation or by issuance of an evaluation, and any  
              mediation utilized must conform to the time frames provided  
              in this bill.

            11) Requires the mediation conducted pursuant to this bill to  
              excuse any further obligation under Section 20104.4 to  
              mediate (meet and confer) after litigation has been  
              commenced, unless otherwise agreed to by the public entity  
              and the contractor in writing.

            12) Does not preclude a public entity from requiring  
              arbitration of disputes under private arbitration or the  
              Public Works Contract Arbitration Program, if under this  
              bill, mediation does not resolve the parties' dispute.

            13) Specifies that failure by the public entity to respond to  
              a claim from a contractor within the time periods described  
              in this bill or to otherwise meet the time requirements of  
              this bill would result in the entire claim deemed rejected  
              and provides that a claim that is denied by reason of the  
              public entity's failure to have responded to a claim or its  
              failure to otherwise meet the time requirements of this  
              section shall not constitute an adverse finding with regard  
              to the merits of the claim or the responsibility or  
              qualifications of the claims.

            14) Requires amounts not paid timely to bear interest at 7  
              percent per annum.

            15) Authorizes, if a subcontractor or a lower tier  
              subcontractor lacks legal standing to assert a claim against  
              a public entity because privity of contract does not exist,  
              the contractor to present to the public entity a claim on  
              behalf of a subcontractor or lower tier subcontractor.

            16) Authorizes a subcontractor to request in writing, either  
              on his or her own behalf or on behalf of a lower tier  
              subcontractor, that the contractor present a claim for work  
              which was performed by the subcontractor or by a lower tier  
              subcontractor on behalf of the subcontractor, and requires  








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              the subcontractor requesting that the claim be presented to  
              the public entity to furnish reasonable documentation to  
              support the claim. 

            17) Requires, within 45 days of receipt of that written  
              request, the contractor to notify the subcontractor in  
              writing as to whether the contractor presented the claim to  
              the public entity and, if the original contractor did not  
              present the claim, provide the subcontractor with a  
              statement of the reasons for not having done so. 

            18) Requires the text of the provisions provided under this  
              bill or a summary of it to be set forth in the plans or  
              specifications for any public works project that may give  
              rise to a claim under this bill.

            19) Makes a waiver of the rights granted by this bill void and  
              contrary to public policy, provided, however, that upon  
              receipt of a claim, the parties may mutually agree to waive,  
              in writing, mediation and proceed directly to the  
              commencement of a civil action or binding arbitration as  
              applicable; and allows a public entity in its public works  
              contracts to include dispute resolution provisions that  
              comply with this section, including timeframes set forth  
              herein, and that prescribe additional reasonable and  
              equitable terms regarding actions or procedures to be taken  
              by the parties. 

            20) Applies to contracts entered into on or after January 1,  
              2017 and sunsets on January 1, 2020. 

            21) Provides that nothing in the bill shall impose liability  
              upon a public entity that makes loans or grants available  
              through a competitive application process, for the failure  
              of an awardee to meet its contractual obligations.  
          
          Background


          In general, public works refers to construction, alteration,  
          demolition, installation, or repair work (including maintenance)  
          of any public structure, building, road, or other improvement  








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          done under contract and paid by public funds, or if private  
          funds are used, more than 50 percent of the square footage is  
          leased to a public entity.  Because of this, there are laws  
          regarding many aspects of the construction projects to protect  
          the public's interest.  Public works projects do not include  
          those done by a public agency with its own employees.



          On public works projects, a public agency contracts with a  
          general contractor, who has submitted a bid or estimated cost to  
          provide the materials and services for the construction,  
          alteration, demolition, installation, or repair work.  At times,  
          the cost of the materials and services is more than the general  
          contractor's bid due to changes in the project, which may be  
          attributed to inaccurate or incomplete project plans and  
          specifications, the public agency orders extra work to be  
          performed, or unexpected difficulties arise.  These increases in  
          costs may be submitted to the public agency for payment.   
          Typically, unless a change order is issued by the public agency  
          or its legislative body or appropriate department approving the  
          increase in cost, the general contractor, who may not be  
          responsible for the underlying cause of the increase in costs  
          but has accrued the expense for the sake of completing the  
          project, will be unable to resolve a claim dispute outside of  
          arbitration or civil action.  Further, a subcontractor, who has  
          performed additional services or provided materials outside the  
          scope of the original contract with the general contractor but  
          necessary to the completion of the project, may be seeking  
          payment from the public agency.  Delays in payment for the extra  
          work provided by the contractor or subcontractor may place the  
          contractor or subcontractor at financial risk with their  
          employees or continued work on the public work.  Additionally,  
          the failure of the public agency to issue a change order or the  
          denial of claims has resulted in costly litigation for the  
          public agency, contractors, and subcontractors.  


          Comments


          The author writes:








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             There is no law in place requiring agencies to pay claims,  
             in a timely manner, made by contractors for extra work  
             performed and approved by the agency, even when the public  
             agency acknowledges that it owes the contractor for work  
             performed.  This places contractors and their workers in  
             difficult financial circumstances. 
              
             Furthermore, there is a lack in uniformity for disputing a  
             claim.  In many cases, some public agencies have no  
             requirements to respond to a claim or respond to a claim  
             in a timely manner.  The breakdown of communication  
             between the public agency and the contractor adds to the  
             burden on the contractor and meeting their payroll  
             obligations.   AB 626, [. . .] creates a process that  
             requires agencies to respond to a contractor's claim, to  
             pay out portions of the work they acknowledge and agree  
             they owe the contractor, and to resolve disputed portions  
             of payment through non-binding mediation.  


          FISCAL EFFECT:   Appropriation:    No          Fiscal  
          Com.:YesLocal:   Yes

          According to the Senate Appropriations Committee there are  
          potential costs (General Fund) to state agencies not  
          specifically exempted from the bill's provisions, including the  
          University of California and the California State University,  
          that engage in public works contracts for claims review and  
          resolution, which will result in additional administrative costs  
          to review, evaluate, and respond to claims within 45 days, and  
          for mandated mediation. State agencies are currently not subject  
          to any statutory timelines for claims review and resolution, and  
          unresolved claims are subject to arbitration. There are also  
          major state-reimbursable costs in the millions of dollars  
          (General Fund) to local agencies engaged in public works  
          projects to the extent this new process results in higher  
          administrative costs, including any increase in administrative  
          costs incurred under the existing process for resolution of  
          claims under $375,000.  There are also additional costs to state  
          and local agencies for additional interest costs accrued on late  
          payments under the timelines prescribed in this bill. 








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          SUPPORT:   (Verified8/12/16)


          Air Conditioning Sheet Metal Association
          Air-Conditioning & Refrigeration Contractors Association
          Advanced Cable Solutions, Inc. 
          Architectural Glass& Aluminum
          Associated General Contractors 
          Ayoob & Perry Plumbing Co. 
          Baker Electric 
          Big Sky Electric
          California Chapters of the National Electrical Contractors  
          Association
          California Legislative Conference of the Plumbing 
          California-Nevada Conference of Operating Engineers 
          California State Association of Electrical Workers 
          California State Pipe Trades Council 
          Collins Electrical Company, Inc.
          Creative Shower Door Corp.
          Cupertino Electric, Inc.
          Electro Construction Corp. 
          Finishing Contractors Association of Southern California 
          Fuller Electric
          Giroux Glass, Inc. 
          Heating and Piping Industry 
          International Union of Elevator Constructors
          KBI Painting, Inc. 
          Mike Cox Electric Company, Inc. 
          Morrow-Meadows Corporation 
          Neal Electric Corp. 
          Neubauer Electric, Inc.
          Northern California Allied Trades 
          Pacific Glazing Contractors 
          Painting and Decorating Contractors Association of Sacramento 
          Piping Industry Progress & Education Trust Fund 
          Pyramid Painting, Inc. 
          Roundtree Glass Company 
          Santa Barbara Glass Company 
          Schetter Electric, Inc. 
          Smith and Sons Electric, Inc. 








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          State Building and Construction Trades Council, AFL-CIO
          TNT Industrial Contractors, Inc. 
          Wall and Ceiling Alliance 
          Western States Council of Sheet Metal Workers 
          44 individuals


          OPPOSITION:   (Verified8/12/16)


          San Diego County Regional Airport Authority

          ASSEMBLY FLOOR:  55-24, 6/3/15
          AYES:  Achadjian, Alejo, Bloom, Bonilla, Bonta, Brown, Burke,  
            Calderon, Campos, Chau, Chávez, Chiu, Chu, Cooley, Cooper,  
            Dababneh, Daly, Dodd, Eggman, Frazier, Cristina Garcia,  
            Eduardo Garcia, Gatto, Gipson, Gomez, Gonzalez, Gordon, Gray,  
            Roger Hernández, Holden, Irwin, Jones-Sawyer, Levine, Linder,  
            Lopez, Low, McCarty, Medina, Mullin, Nazarian, O'Donnell,  
            Perea, Quirk, Rendon, Ridley-Thomas, Rodriguez, Salas,  
            Santiago, Mark Stone, Ting, Weber, Wilk, Williams, Wood,  
            Atkins
          NOES:  Travis Allen, Baker, Bigelow, Brough, Chang, Dahle, Beth  
            Gaines, Gallagher, Grove, Hadley, Harper, Jones, Kim, Lackey,  
            Maienschein, Mathis, Mayes, Melendez, Obernolte, Olsen,  
            Patterson, Steinorth, Wagner, Waldron
          NO VOTE RECORDED:  Thurmond

          Prepared by:Margie Estrada / JUD. / (916) 651-4113
          8/15/16 19:36:03