BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    Ó




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          |SENATE RULES COMMITTEE            |                        AB 626|
          |Office of Senate Floor Analyses   |                              |
          |(916) 651-1520    Fax: (916)      |                              |
          |327-4478                          |                              |
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                                   THIRD READING 


          Bill No:  AB 626
          Author:   Chiu (D) and Low (D), et al.
          Amended:  8/19/16 in Senate
          Vote:     21 

           SENATE JUDICIARY COMMITTEE:  7-0, 6/28/16
           AYES:  Jackson, Moorlach, Anderson, Hertzberg, Leno, Monning,  
            Wieckowski

           SENATE APPROPRIATIONS COMMITTEE:  7-0, 8/11/16
           AYES:  Lara, Bates, Beall, Hill, McGuire, Mendoza, Nielsen

           ASSEMBLY FLOOR:  55-24, 6/3/15 - See last page for vote

           SUBJECT:   Public contracts:  claim resolution


          SOURCE:    Author
          
          DIGEST:  This bill, until January 1, 2020, establishes, for  
          public works contracts entered into on or after January 1, 2017,  
          a claim resolution procedure by which a general contractor can  
          seek public agency review of the claim.  


          Senate Floor Amendments of 8/19/16 change the provision of the  
          bill that provides that a waiver of the rights granted by this  
          bill is void and contrary to public policy, provided, however,  
          that (1) upon receipt of a claim, the parties may mutually agree  
          to waive, in writing, mediation and proceed directly to the  
          commencement of a civil action or binding arbitration, as  
          applicable; and (2) a public entity in its public works  
          contracts may include dispute resolution provisions that comply  
          with this section, including the timeframes set forth herein,  
          and that prescribe additional reasonable and equitable terms  








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          regarding actions or procedures to be taken by the parties.   
          This clarifying amendment changes the wording in exception (2)  
          above and instead state that a public entity may prescribe  
          reasonable change order, claim, and dispute resolution  
          procedures and requirements in addition to the provisions of  
          this section, so long as the contractual provisions do not  
          conflict with or otherwise impair the timeframes and procedures  
          set forth in this section.  The amendments also add a co-author.  
           


          ANALYSIS:  

          Existing law:

           1) Provides that, in the event that a dispute arises between  
             the local public entity and the contractor whether the  
             conditions materially differ, or involve hazardous waste, or  
             cause a decrease or increase in the contractor's cost of, or  
             time required for, performance of any part of the work, the  
             contractor is not excused from any scheduled completion date  
             provided for by the contract.

           2) Provides that the contractor retains any and all rights  
             provided either by contract or by law which pertain to the  
             resolution of disputes and protests between the contracting  
             parties. 

           3) Authorizes public agencies to make changes in construction  
             contracts for public improvements in the course of  
             construction, and requires the contractor to be paid for the  
             changes in accordance with the provisions of the contract  
             governing payment for changes in the work.

           4) Authorizes, pursuant to contract terms and by mutual consent  
             of the contracting parties, any public agency to terminate,  
             amend, or modify any contract within the scope of such  
             authority; however, this provision does not apply to  
             contracts entered into pursuant to any statute expressly  
             requiring that contracts be let or awarded on the basis of  
             competitive bids.









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           5) Prohibits, except as otherwise provided, a suit for money or  
             damages against a public entity on a cause of action for  
             which a claim is required to be presented until a written  
             claim therefor has been presented to the public entity and  
             has been acted upon or rejected by the board.

           6) Prescribes a contract claims resolution process for  
             contracts entered into with a state agency and requires  
             arbitration of a claim, as defined. 

           7) Authorizes a claimant to initiate arbitration no later than  
             90 days after the date of personal or mail service on the  
             claimant of the final written decision by the appropriate  
             public agency department on the claim; however, this  
             limitation does not apply to any claim founded on any cost  
             audit, latent defect, warranty, or guarantee under the  
             contract.

           8) Prohibits arbitration until the claimant pursues diligently  
             and exhausts, as to the claim, the required administrative  
             procedures set forth in the contract under which the claim  
             arose, as specified.

           9) Authorizes a party to the contract to join in the  
             arbitration as a party, any supplier, subcontractor, design  
             professional, surety, or other person who has so agreed and  
             if the joinder is necessary to prevent a substantial risk of  
             the party otherwise being subjected to inconsistent  
             obligations or decisions.

          This bill:

           1) Requires, upon receipt of a claim, the public entity to  
             which the claim applies to conduct a reasonable review of the  
             claim and, within a period not to exceed 45 days, provide the  
             claimant a written statement identifying what portion of the  
             claim is disputed and what portion is undisputed.  However, a  
             public entity and a contractor may, by mutual agreement,  
             extend the time period.

           2) Requires the claimant to furnish reasonable documentation to  
             support the claim, and provides, if the public entity needs  








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             approval from its governing body to provide the claimant a  
             written statement identifying the disputed portion and the  
             undisputed portion of the claim, and the governing body does  
             not meet within the 45 days following receipt of a claim sent  
             by registered mail, the public entity up to three days  
             following the next duly publicly noticed meeting after the 45  
             day period, or extension expires to provide the claimant the  
             written statement.

           3) Requires any payment due on an undisputed portion of the  
             claim to be processed and made within 60 days after the  
             public entity issues its written statement; if the public  
             entity fails to issue a written statement, the claim would be  
             deemed rejected in its entirety.

           4) Authorizes, if the claimant disputes the public entity's  
             written response, or if the public entity fails to respond to  
             a claim issued within the time prescribed, the claimant to  
             demand in writing an informal conference to meet and confer  
             for settlement of the issues in dispute, and, upon receipt of  
             a demand in writing sent by registered mail or certified  
             mail, return receipt requested, the public entity would be  
             required to schedule a meet and confer conference within 30  
             days for settlement of the dispute.

           5) Requires, within 10 business days following the conclusion  
             of the meet and confer conference, if the claim or any  
             portion of the claim remains in dispute, the public entity to  
             provide the claimant a written statement identifying the  
             portion of the claim that remains in dispute and the portion  
             that is undisputed. 

           6) Requires any payment due on an undisputed portion of the  
             claim to be processed and made within 60 days after the  
             public entity issues its written statement, and any disputed  
             portion of the claim, as identified by the contractor in  
             writing, would be required to be submitted to nonbinding  
             mediation, with the public entity and the claimant sharing  
             the associated costs equally. 

           7) Requires the public entity and claimant to mutually agree to  
             a mediator within 10 business days after the disputed portion  








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             of the claim has been identified in writing, and, if the  
             parties cannot agree upon a mediator, each party would select  
             a mediator and those mediators would select a qualified  
             neutral third party to mediate with regard to the disputed  
             portion of the claim. 

           8) Provides that if the parties cannot agree upon a mediator,  
             each party shall select a mediator and those mediators shall  
             select a qualified neutral third party to mediate the  
             disputed portion of the claim, and each party shall bear the  
             fees and costs charged by their respective mediators in  
             selecting the neutral mediator.

           9) Provides that if mediation is unsuccessful, the parts of the  
             claim remaining in dispute would be subject to other  
             applicable claim resolution procedures.

           10)Specifies that mediation includes any nonbinding process,  
             including, but not limited to, neutral evaluation or a  
             dispute review board, in which an independent third party or  
             board assists the parties in dispute resolution through  
             negotiation or by issuance of an evaluation, and any  
             mediation utilized must conform to the time frames provided  
             in this bill.

           11)Requires the mediation conducted pursuant to this bill to  
             excuse any further obligation under Section 20104.4 to  
             mediate (meet and confer) after litigation has been  
             commenced, unless otherwise agreed to by the public entity  
             and the contractor in writing.

           12)Does not preclude a public entity from requiring arbitration  
             of disputes under private arbitration or the Public Works  
             Contract Arbitration Program, if under this bill, mediation  
             does not resolve the parties' dispute.

           13)Specifies that failure by the public entity to respond to a  
             claim from a contractor within the time periods described in  
             this bill or to otherwise meet the time requirements of this  
             bill would result in the entire claim deemed rejected and  
             provides that a claim that is denied by reason of the public  
             entity's failure to have responded to a claim or its failure  








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             to otherwise meet the time requirements of this section shall  
             not constitute an adverse finding with regard to the merits  
             of the claim or the responsibility or qualifications of the  
             claims.

           14)Requires amounts not paid timely to bear interest at 7  
             percent per annum.

           15)Authorizes, if a subcontractor or a lower tier subcontractor  
             lacks legal standing to assert a claim against a public  
             entity because privity of contract does not exist, the  
             contractor to present to the public entity a claim on behalf  
             of a subcontractor or lower tier subcontractor.

           16)Authorizes a subcontractor to request in writing, either on  
             his or her own behalf or on behalf of a lower tier  
             subcontractor, that the contractor present a claim for work  
             which was performed by the subcontractor or by a lower tier  
             subcontractor on behalf of the subcontractor, and requires  
             the subcontractor requesting that the claim be presented to  
             the public entity to furnish reasonable documentation to  
             support the claim. 

           17)Requires, within 45 days of receipt of that written request,  
             the contractor to notify the subcontractor in writing as to  
             whether the contractor presented the claim to the public  
             entity and, if the original contractor did not present the  
             claim, provide the subcontractor with a statement of the  
             reasons for not having done so. 

           18)Requires the text of the provisions provided under this bill  
             or a summary of it to be set forth in the plans or  
             specifications for any public works project that may give  
             rise to a claim under this bill.

           19)Makes a waiver of the rights granted by this bill void and  
             contrary to public policy, provided, however, that upon  
             receipt of a claim, the parties may mutually agree to waive,  
             in writing, mediation and proceed directly to the  
             commencement of a civil action or binding arbitration as  
             applicable; and allows a public entity to prescribe  
             reasonable change order, claim, and dispute resolution  








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             procedures and requirements in addition to the provisions of  
             this section, so long as the contractual provisions do not  
             conflict with or otherwise impair the timeframes and  
             procedures set forth in this section. 

           20)Applies to contracts entered into on or after January 1,  
             2017 and sunsets on January 1, 2020. 

           21)Provides that nothing in the bill shall impose liability  
             upon a public entity that makes loans or grants available  
             through a competitive application process, for the failure of  
             an awardee to meet its contractual obligations.  
          
          Background


          In general, public works refers to construction, alteration,  
          demolition, installation, or repair work (including maintenance)  
          of any public structure, building, road, or other improvement  
          done under contract and paid by public funds, or if private  
          funds are used, more than 50 percent of the square footage is  
          leased to a public entity.  Because of this, there are laws  
          regarding many aspects of the construction projects to protect  
          the public's interest.  Public works projects do not include  
          those done by a public agency with its own employees.



          On public works projects, a public agency contracts with a  
          general contractor, who has submitted a bid or estimated cost to  
          provide the materials and services for the construction,  
          alteration, demolition, installation, or repair work.  At times,  
          the cost of the materials and services is more than the general  
          contractor's bid due to changes in the project, which may be  
          attributed to inaccurate or incomplete project plans and  
          specifications, the public agency orders extra work to be  
          performed, or unexpected difficulties arise.  These increases in  
          costs may be submitted to the public agency for payment.   
          Typically, unless a change order is issued by the public agency  
          or its legislative body or appropriate department approving the  
          increase in cost, the general contractor, who may not be  
          responsible for the underlying cause of the increase in costs  








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          but has accrued the expense for the sake of completing the  
          project, will be unable to resolve a claim dispute outside of  
          arbitration or civil action.  Further, a subcontractor, who has  
          performed additional services or provided materials outside the  
          scope of the original contract with the general contractor but  
          necessary to the completion of the project, may be seeking  
          payment from the public agency.  Delays in payment for the extra  
          work provided by the contractor or subcontractor may place the  
          contractor or subcontractor at financial risk with their  
          employees or continued work on the public work.  Additionally,  
          the failure of the public agency to issue a change order or the  
          denial of claims has resulted in costly litigation for the  
          public agency, contractors, and subcontractors.  


          Comments


          The author writes:
           
             There is no law in place requiring agencies to pay claims,  
             in a timely manner, made by contractors for extra work  
             performed and approved by the agency, even when the public  
             agency acknowledges that it owes the contractor for work  
             performed.  This places contractors and their workers in  
             difficult financial circumstances. 
              
             Furthermore, there is a lack in uniformity for disputing a  
             claim.  In many cases, some public agencies have no  
             requirements to respond to a claim or respond to a claim  
             in a timely manner.  The breakdown of communication  
             between the public agency and the contractor adds to the  
             burden on the contractor and meeting their payroll  
             obligations.   AB 626, [. . .] creates a process that  
             requires agencies to respond to a contractor's claim, to  
             pay out portions of the work they acknowledge and agree  
             they owe the contractor, and to resolve disputed portions  
             of payment through non-binding mediation.  


          FISCAL EFFECT:   Appropriation:    No          Fiscal  
          Com.:YesLocal:   Yes








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          According to the Senate Appropriations Committee there are  
          potential costs (General Fund) to state agencies not  
          specifically exempted from the bill's provisions, including the  
          University of California and the California State University,  
          that engage in public works contracts for claims review and  
          resolution, which will result in additional administrative costs  
          to review, evaluate, and respond to claims within 45 days, and  
          for mandated mediation. State agencies are currently not subject  
          to any statutory timelines for claims review and resolution, and  
          unresolved claims are subject to arbitration. There are also  
          major state-reimbursable costs in the millions of dollars  
          (General Fund) to local agencies engaged in public works  
          projects to the extent this new process results in higher  
          administrative costs, including any increase in administrative  
          costs incurred under the existing process for resolution of  
          claims under $375,000.  There are also additional costs to state  
          and local agencies for additional interest costs accrued on late  
          payments under the timelines prescribed in this bill.


          According to the Senate Appropriations Committee there are  
          potential costs (General Fund) to state agencies not  
          specifically exempted from the bill's provisions, including the  
          University of California and the California State University,  
          that engage in public works contracts for claims review and  
          resolution, which will result in additional administrative costs  
          to review, evaluate, and respond to claims within 45 days, and  
          for mandated mediation. State agencies are currently not subject  
          to any statutory timelines for claims review and resolution, and  
          unresolved claims are subject to arbitration. There are also  
          major state-reimbursable costs in the millions of dollars  
          (General Fund) to local agencies engaged in public works  
          projects to the extent this new process results in higher  
          administrative costs, including any increase in administrative  
          costs incurred under the existing process for resolution of  
          claims under $375,000.  There are also additional costs to state  
          and local agencies for additional interest costs accrued on late  
          payments under the timelines prescribed in this bill. 










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          SUPPORT:   (Verified8/12/16)


          Air Conditioning Sheet Metal Association
          Air-Conditioning & Refrigeration Contractors Association
          Advanced Cable Solutions, Inc. 
          Architectural Glass& Aluminum
          Associated General Contractors 
          Ayoob & Perry Plumbing Co. 
          Baker Electric 
          Big Sky Electric
          California Chapters of the National Electrical Contractors  
          Association
          California Legislative Conference of the Plumbing 
          California-Nevada Conference of Operating Engineers 
          California State Association of Electrical Workers 
          California State Pipe Trades Council 
          Collins Electrical Company, Inc.
          Creative Shower Door Corp.
          Cupertino Electric, Inc.
          Electro Construction Corp. 
          Finishing Contractors Association of Southern California 
          Fuller Electric
          Giroux Glass, Inc. 
          Heating and Piping Industry 
          International Union of Elevator Constructors
          KBI Painting, Inc. 
          Mike Cox Electric Company, Inc. 
          Morrow-Meadows Corporation 
          Neal Electric Corp. 
          Neubauer Electric, Inc.
          Northern California Allied Trades 
          Pacific Glazing Contractors 
          Painting and Decorating Contractors Association of Sacramento 
          Piping Industry Progress & Education Trust Fund 
          Pyramid Painting, Inc. 
          Roundtree Glass Company 
          Santa Barbara Glass Company 
          Schetter Electric, Inc. 
          Smith and Sons Electric, Inc. 
          State Building and Construction Trades Council, AFL-CIO
          TNT Industrial Contractors, Inc. 








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          Wall and Ceiling Alliance 
          Western States Council of Sheet Metal Workers 
          44 individuals


          OPPOSITION:   (Verified8/21/16)


          San Diego County Regional Airport Authority

          ASSEMBLY FLOOR:  55-24, 6/3/15
          AYES:  Achadjian, Alejo, Bloom, Bonilla, Bonta, Brown, Burke,  
            Calderon, Campos, Chau, Chávez, Chiu, Chu, Cooley, Cooper,  
            Dababneh, Daly, Dodd, Eggman, Frazier, Cristina Garcia,  
            Eduardo Garcia, Gatto, Gipson, Gomez, Gonzalez, Gordon, Gray,  
            Roger Hernández, Holden, Irwin, Jones-Sawyer, Levine, Linder,  
            Lopez, Low, McCarty, Medina, Mullin, Nazarian, O'Donnell,  
            Perea, Quirk, Rendon, Ridley-Thomas, Rodriguez, Salas,  
            Santiago, Mark Stone, Ting, Weber, Wilk, Williams, Wood,  
            Atkins
          NOES:  Travis Allen, Baker, Bigelow, Brough, Chang, Dahle, Beth  
            Gaines, Gallagher, Grove, Hadley, Harper, Jones, Kim, Lackey,  
            Maienschein, Mathis, Mayes, Melendez, Obernolte, Olsen,  
            Patterson, Steinorth, Wagner, Waldron
          NO VOTE RECORDED:  Thurmond

          Prepared by:Margie Estrada / JUD. / (916) 651-4113
          8/22/16 20:38:06


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