BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    Ó



                                                                       AB 648


                                                                      Page  1





          ASSEMBLY THIRD READING


          AB  
          648 (Low)


          As Introduced  February 24, 2015


          2/3 vote


           ------------------------------------------------------------------- 
          |Committee       |Votes |Ayes                |Noes                  |
          |                |      |                    |                      |
          |                |      |                    |                      |
          |----------------+------+--------------------+----------------------|
          |Health          |19-0  |Bonta, Maienschein, |                      |
          |                |      |Bonilla, Burke,     |                      |
          |                |      |Chávez, Chiu,       |                      |
          |                |      |Gomez, Gonzalez,    |                      |
          |                |      |                    |                      |
          |                |      |                    |                      |
          |                |      |Roger Hernández,    |                      |
          |                |      |Lackey, Nazarian,   |                      |
          |                |      |Patterson,          |                      |
          |                |      |                    |                      |
          |                |      |                    |                      |
          |                |      |Ridley-Thomas,      |                      |
          |                |      |Rodriguez,          |                      |
          |                |      |Santiago,           |                      |
          |                |      |Steinorth,          |                      |
          |                |      |Thurmond, Waldron,  |                      |
          |                |      |Wood                |                      |
          |                |      |                    |                      |
          |----------------+------+--------------------+----------------------|
          |Appropriations  |17-0  |Gomez, Bigelow,     |                      |
          |                |      |Bonta, Calderon,    |                      |








                                                                       AB 648


                                                                      Page  2





          |                |      |Chang, Daly,        |                      |
          |                |      |Eggman, Gallagher,  |                      |
          |                |      |                    |                      |
          |                |      |                    |                      |
          |                |      |Eduardo Garcia,     |                      |
          |                |      |Gordon, Holden,     |                      |
          |                |      |Jones, Quirk,       |                      |
          |                |      |Rendon, Wagner,     |                      |
          |                |      |Weber, Wood         |                      |
          |                |      |                    |                      |
          |                |      |                    |                      |
           ------------------------------------------------------------------- 


          SUMMARY:  Appropriates $4 million to the Department of Public  
          Health (DPH) to establish the Virtual Dental Home (VDH) program.  


          FISCAL EFFECT:  According to the Assembly Appropriations  
          Committee:


          1)$4 million General Fund (GF) to DPH to establish the program.   
            DPH would scale the effort, including number of sites,  
            individuals trained, and individuals served, to the available  
            funding.  Supporters, who are familiar with the VDH model,  
            project the funding could be used to support training and  
            equipment in 20 communities over a three-year grant period. 


          2)To the extent this model is successful in promoting access to  
            preventive and diagnostic dental services and more children are  
            able to receive such services through its widespread adoption,  
            there could be commensurate cost pressure on Medi-Cal dental  
            services to reimburse for additional services (GF/federal  
            funds).  However, any increased costs would likely be offset to  
            some extent by reductions in emergency dental procedures or  
            complications from untreated dental disease.  The magnitude and  
            likelihood of such costs or savings is unknown.








                                                                       AB 648


                                                                      Page  3







          COMMENTS:  According to the author, good dental health is critical  
          to a child's ability to grow up healthy.  Yet, tooth decay is the  
          most common chronic disease and unmet health care need of children  
          in California.  According to the Journal of the California Dental  
          Association, California's oral health disparities are more severe  
          than the national average, particularly among low-income and  
          disabled populations.  One-quarter of children in California have  
          never seen a dentist and approximately 65% of elementary school  
          children are in need of dental care.


          The author also state that California has identified 341 Dental  
          Health Professional Shortage Areas (DHPSA), areas so designated  
          because the dentist-to-population ratio is below the threshold set  
          by the federal government.  By their very nature, DHPSAs identify  
          areas throughout the state where patients frequently experience  
          barriers to comprehensive dental care.  The author concludes that  
          this bill supports the expansion of an innovative and  
          cost-effective model for providing dental care to the residents of  
          this state who are in greatest need by establishing the VDH grant  
          program. 


          1)Virtual Dental Home.  According to an article published in July  
            2012 in the Journal of the California Dental Association, "The  
            Virtual Dental Home:  Bringing Oral Health to Vulnerable and  
            Underserved Populations," the traditional office and  
            clinic-based oral health delivery system is failing to reach a  
            large and increasing segment of the population.  From 2009 to  
            2011, the number of Medi-Cal beneficiaries who received any  
            dental service declined by 8%.  A decrease was expected for  
            adults since most adult dental benefits were eliminated in 2009,  
            however there was also a decrease for children.  Approximately  
            6.3 million children, or two-thirds of all children in the  
            state, have not had any dental care by the time they reach the  
            third grade, resulting in missed school time.  Approximately 7%  
            of California children missed school due to a dental problem in  








                                                                       AB 648


                                                                      Page  4





            2007, excluding time for cleaning or routine check-up.


          2)State Auditor's Report.  On December 11, 2014, the California  
            State Auditor issued a report titled "California Department of  
            Health Care Services:  Weaknesses in Its Medi-Cal Dental Program  
            Limit Children's Access to Dental Care."  The report stated that  
            insufficient number of dental providers willing to participate  
            in Medi-Cal, low reimbursement rates and a failure to adequately  
            monitor the program, led to limited access to care and low  
            utilization rates for Medi-Cal beneficiaries across the state.   
            The Audit found that 16 counties either have no active providers  
            or do not have providers willing to accept new Medi-Cal  
            patients, and 16 other counties have an insufficient number of  
            providers.  Recent changes in federal and state laws that have  
            expanded Medi-Cal coverage could increase the number of children  
            and adults who can receive additional covered dental services  
            from 2.7 million to as many as 6.4 million, bringing into  
            question the State's ability to provide timely and adequate care  
            to beneficiaries.


          The sponsors of the bill, the California Dental Association (CDA),  
          state that VDH has the potential to become a sustainable and  
          scalable model for dental care delivery, but needs an upfront  
          investment in training, equipment, technical assistance, and other  
          support to develop the critical mass needed to spread statewide  
          and truly be integrated into California's dental deliver system.   
          CDA notes that tooth decay is the number one chronic disease among  
          children; it accounts for persistent pain, trouble eating and  
          sleeping, missed school days, and expensive emergency room visits  
          for preventable dental problems.  The sponsor argues that  
          children, low-income families and other vulnerable populations  
          experience disproportionate levels of dental disease in large part  
          due to difficulties accessing early preventive and routine dental  
          care.


          The Children's Partnership states in support that VDH uses  








                                                                       AB 648


                                                                      Page  5





          technology to connect allied dental team members, located at  
          community sites - such as schools and Head Start sites - with  
          dentists in offices or clinics, to facilitate the provision of  
          comprehensive dental care for children and adults who face  
          barriers to accessing that care in traditional dental offices.


          This bill has no known opposition.


          Analysis Prepared by:                                               
                          Paula Villescaz / HEALTH / (916) 319-2097  FN:  
          0000660