BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    Ó



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          CONCURRENCE IN SENATE AMENDMENTS


          AB  
          704 (Cooley)


          As Amended  July 6, 2015


          Majority vote


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          Original Committee Reference:  INS.


          SUMMARY:  Adopts escrow rules governing underwritten title  
          companies (UTCs) more consistent with rules that currently  
          govern independent escrow companies.  


          The Senate amendments:


          1)Delete Assembly language that would have expanded the  
            definition of the "business of title insurance."


          2)Delete Assembly language that clarified the definition of  
            "escrow."


          3)Clarify the definition of "business location" for purposes of  
            providing escrow services.








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          4)Delete the 3-tiered bond requirement ($25,000, $35,000 or  
            $50,000, depending on the size of the UTC) in favor of a  
            schedule that matches either a $50,000 or $100,000 bond,  
            letter of credit, or cash deposit requirement, depending on  
            the net worth of the UTC.


          5)Clarify how a conservator or receiver accesses the bond,  
            letter of credit, or deposit in the case of an insolvency of a  
            UTC.


          6)Allow the commissioner to authorize a UTC to use a  
            non-admitted surety insurer to purchase a bond if there is not  
            an adequate admitted market for this type and amount of bond.


          EXISTING LAW: 


          1)Provides for the regulation of title insurance and title  
          insurers by the commissioner.


          2)Authorizes UTCs to perform a range of activities with respect  
            to real estate and personal property transactions, including  
            acting as the agent of a title insurer for purposes of  
            underwriting and issuing policies of title insurance, and  
            handling the escrow in a real estate transaction.


          3)Establishes various regulatory requirements on UTCs, including  
            statutory net worth and escrow deposit requirements.


          4)Requires a UTC to post a deposit with the commissioner of  
            $7,500 for each county in which it is licensed to conduct  
            title business.










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          5)Provides for the regulation of independent escrow companies,  
            which are licensed to handle real estate and other escrow  
            transactions, by the Department of Business Oversight (DBO).


          7)Authorizes a licensed real estate broker to handle real estate  
            escrows.


          8)Provides that an independent escrow company must maintain a  
            bond satisfactory in form to the DBO in the amount of $25,000,  
            $35,000, or $50,000, as determined by a formula that takes  
            into consideration the volume of escrow business conducted by  
            the independent escrow company. 


          FISCAL EFFECT:  According to the Senate Appropriations  
          Committee, the current version of the bill involves regulatory  
          and licensing costs to the department of Insurance of $192,000  
          (offset by $32,000 in fee revenues) in 2015-16, $107,000 (offset  
          by $65,000) in 2016-17, and $80,000 (offset by $56,000) per year  
          thereafter (Insurance Fund).


          COMMENTS:  


          Purpose.  According to the author, this bill is designed to  
          level the playing field for companies authorized to perform  
          escrow services that are licensed by the DBO (independent escrow  
          companies) and the companies that are authorized to perform  
          escrow services that are licensed by the commissioner (UTCs).   
          The author argues that UTCs face unnecessarily burdensome  
          regulatory requirements in comparison to the independent escrow  
          companies regulated by the DBO, and the escrow rules that govern  
          UTCs should be made consistent with those rules.


          Background.  There are three different types of licensees  
          authorized to perform escrow services in California: real estate  
          brokers, independent escrow companies, and UTCs - each with a  
          separate regulator.  Real estate brokers, while authorized,  








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          rarely perform this function.  Thus, the DBO licensed escrow  
          companies compete primarily with the Department of Insurance  
          (DOI) licensed UTCs.


          A UTC performs two distinct functions in the typical real estate  
          transaction where it is performing escrow services: it  
          underwrites (title search and report) the title insurance  
          policy, and it handles the escrow.  The UTC also acts as the  
          title insurer's agent to issue the title policy.  An independent  
          escrow company performs only one function - the escrow portion  
          of the transaction.  One element of that function is to ensure  
          that a title company provides a title insurance policy, but the  
          independent escrow company is not licensed to either underwrite  
          or issue a title insurance policy.


          There is a debate within the title/escrow industry about which  
          format is best, and for historically unclear reasons, some  
          regions of the state tend to use independent escrow companies  
          and a separate title company, and other regions of the state  
          tend to use the title company for both functions.  Regardless of  
          which approach is used, it is clear that the title  
          functions/services and the escrow functions/services are  
          distinct.  The purpose of the bill is to align the regulatory  
          structures for the two primary types of escrow services  
          companies, but to leave the regulatory structure for title  
          services and insurance unchanged.  


          Analysis Prepared by:                                             
          Mark Rakich / INS. / (916) 319-2086 FN: 0001835


















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