BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    Ó



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          ASSEMBLY THIRD READING


          AB  
          881 (Cristina Garcia)


          As Introduced  February 26, 2015


          Majority vote


           -------------------------------------------------------------------- 
          |Committee       |Votes |Ayes                   |Noes                |
          |----------------+------+-----------------------+--------------------|
          |Education       |7-0   |O'Donnell, Chávez,     |                    |
          |                |      |Kim, McCarty,          |                    |
          |                |      |Santiago, Thurmond,    |                    |
          |                |      |Weber                  |                    |
           -------------------------------------------------------------------- 


          SUMMARY:  Revises, for the purposes of pupil suspension and  
          expulsion, the definition of bullying via an electronic act from  
          the "creation and transmission" of a communication to the  
          "creation or transmission" of a communication, via an electronic  
          device, originated on or off the schoolsite.  
          FISCAL EFFECT:  None.  This bill is keyed non-fiscal by the  
          Legislative Counsel.


          COMMENTS:  Under existing law, a principal or a superintendent may  
          suspend or recommend expulsion of a pupil for committing any of a  
          number of specified acts, including bullying and bullying via an  
          electronic act (cyberbullying).  "Bullying" is defined as any  
          severe or pervasive physical or verbal act or conduct, including  
          communications made in writing or by means of an electronic act,  
          and including one or more acts committed by a pupil or group of  








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          pupils engaging in sexual harassment, hate violence, harassment,  
          threats, or intimidation, directed toward one or more pupils that  
          has or can be reasonably predicted to cause fear and have an  
          impact on a student's physical and mental health, academic  
          performance, or a student's ability to participate in school and  
          school activities.  


          AB 256 (Garcia), Chapter 700, Statutes of 2013, amended the  
          definition of an "electronic act" to mean the creation and  
          transmission of a communication, by means of an electronic device,  
          that may be originated on or off the schoolsite.  Prior to AB 256,  
          the definition of an "electronic act" only referenced the  
          transmission of a communication via an electronic device, and was  
          silent on whether the act must be generated and/or transmitted on  
          or off the schoolsite.  While the courts have ruled that  
          cyberbullying is contingent on whether an action causes a  
          substantial disruption to school activities or work of a school,  
          regardless of where the action took place, AB 256 made it clear in  
          the law that where the communication was created and transmitted  
          does not matter.  Concerns have been raised that AB 256 may have  
          inadvertently narrowed the definition of bullying via an  
          electronic act, by defining "electronic act" as the creation and  
          transmission of a communication, which limits a principal or  
          superintendent's ability to suspend or expel a pupil to only those  
          incidences where a pupil created and transmitted a communication  
          via an electronic device, and prevents a principal or  
          superintendent from suspending or recommending expulsion if a  
          pupil did not create the communication but took part in  
          transmitting it to others.  This bill changes "creation and  
          transmission" to "creation or transmission."  This bill will not  
          result in automatic suspension or expulsion.  Principals and  
          superintendents continue to have the discretion to determine  
          whether the act causes a substantial disruption to school  
          activities or work of a school.  


          Arguments in support.  The Association of Regional Center Agencies  
          supports the bill and states, "Cyber-bullying has made it possible  








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          for individuals whose torment might be somewhat more limited and  
          public be pervasive, constant, and (literally) global.  Current  
          law describes, for the purposes of bullying, text messages and  
          social media posts, among other new methods of communication.  But  
          it erroneously limits the definition to mean both the act of  
          creation and transmission.  This eliminates every act of  
          forwarding, copying, or sharing onwards any act of bullying.  This  
          bill solves this oversight with a very concise stroke of the pen,  
          ensuring a closer adherence to the intent of the law."


          Arguments in opposition.  Public Counsel opposes the bill and  
          argues that suspension of pupils is ineffective in preventing or  
          stopping bullying.  "Instead of reducing the likelihood of  
          behavioral incidents, school suspension in general appears to  
          predict higher future rates of misbehavior and suspension among  
          those students who are suspended," states the organization.  


          Previous legislation.  AB 1450 (Garcia) introduced last year, is  
          identical to this bill.  The bill passed the Assembly Education  
          Committee, the Assembly Floor, and the Senate Education Committee  
          with no "no" votes.  The author later struck the contents of the  
          bill and used the vehicle for another subject.   




          Analysis Prepared by:                                               
                          Sophia Kwong Kim / ED. / (916) 319-2087  FN:  
          0000133
















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