BILL ANALYSIS Ó AB 891 Page 1 Date of Hearing: May 27, 2015 ASSEMBLY COMMITTEE ON APPROPRIATIONS Jimmy Gomez, Chair AB 891 (Campos) - As Amended May 21, 2015 ----------------------------------------------------------------- |Policy |Education |Vote:|7 - 0 | |Committee: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |-------------+-------------------------------+-----+-------------| | |Human Services | |5 - 2 | | | | | | | | | | | |-------------+-------------------------------+-----+-------------| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | ----------------------------------------------------------------- Urgency: No State Mandated Local Program: YesReimbursable: Yes SUMMARY: This bill provides low income students free transportation to and from school, and requires each local education agency (LEA) to designate a liaison to address transportation issues. AB 891 Page 2 Specifically, this bill: 1)Provides each student eligible for free or reduced-price meals (FRPM), as specified, or who attends a school that participates in the Community Eligibility Option, free transportation to and from school as follows: a) If the student lives more than one-half mile from school, or b) The neighborhood through which the pupil must travel to get to school is unsafe because of stray dogs, no sidewalks, known gang activity, or another reason documented by stakeholders. 2)Requires an LEA to designate a liaison responsible for implementing a plan to ensure that students entitled to free transportation, as specified, receive that transportation in a timely manner. 3)Requires the LEA-designated liaison to be trained to identify and accommodate the special rights of homeless youth and students in a CalWORKs assistance unit where aid is provided only to the child, as specified. 4)Requires the transportation plan to be developed in consultation with stakeholders, as specified, and to address the ability of students in the LEA's jurisdiction to make regular visits to the public library. 5)Requires the LEA to ensure free transportation is provided using its existing funds, should be free, dependable, and AB 891 Page 3 timely transportation not be available to students entitled to it. FISCAL EFFECT: 1)Proposition 98/GF state mandated reimbursable costs to LEAs, potentially in the millions of dollars, to provide a liaison to implement a plan to provide free transportation to eligible pupils; including consultation with the Air Resources Board and the Department of Transportation. Actual costs will depend upon how each LEA chooses to implement the requirement. Some LEAs may need to create a new position. Other LEAs may be able to designate duties to an existing position; however, this would likely involve contract negotiations and increased compensation. The bill also requires staff training to ensure proper guidance and assistance is provided to this sensitive student population. There are 1,016 school districts in California. Assuming one-third of districts create a new position, costs could be in excess of $20 million. 2)Unknown Proposition 98/GF state mandated reimbursable costs to LEAs, in the millions of dollars, to provide free transportation to students, as specified. Approximately 3.7 million (60% of all students) qualify for FRPM. As a proxy for costs, a recent study found it would cost $172,048 per week for Los Angeles County to provide free public transit to all K-12 students living below 100 percent of the Federal Poverty Line. This translates to $8.9 million on an annual basis. Statewide costs could be offset to the extent pupils are already receiving transportation as a result of federal mandates for special education and homeless students. COMMENTS: AB 891 Page 4 1)Purpose. Western Center on Law and Poverty, Children's Defense Fund-California, 9 to 5, National Association of Working Women, California and Youth Justice Coalition are co-sponsoring this bill to promote student attendance and success in school for low income and poor students in California by guaranteeing transportation to school. They note the in ability to afford transportation to and from school is one of the most frequently cited barriers that low income youth face in attending school. The supporters also note, in Los Angeles County, the leading cause of ticketing for youth under the age of 18 - 10,000 tickets a year - is due to fair evasion on public transportation. This bill seeks to resolve these issues through the provision of free transportation. 2)Background. The primary dedicated source of funding for school transportation is the Home to School Transportation (HTST) program. The state currently provides $491 million Proposition 98/GF to school districts; however, the current funding formula is widely recognized as outdated and irrational. Districts' funding levels have been locked in at the amounts they received in the early 1980s. Moreover, because the funding formula is based on historical participation, a few school districts and all charter schools in the state are excluded from receiving HTST funding. The federal McKinney-Vento Homeless Assistance Act requires districts to provide transportation for homeless students. The federal Individuals with Disabilities Education Act requires that all districts take special steps to ensure students with disabilities receive a "free and appropriate public education." If school officials determine transportation is necessary for a student to access his/her education, the district must provide it. According to the sponsor, San Francisco provides free public transit passes to all children age 5-18 at a cost of AB 891 Page 5 approximately $3 million per year. The sponsors also note several states, including New Jersey, New York and Missouri guarantee transportation to students based on the distance to and from school. Analysis Prepared by:Misty Feusahrens / APPR. / (916) 319-2081