BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    Ó



                                                                     AB 891


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          Date of Hearing:  May 27, 2015


                        ASSEMBLY COMMITTEE ON APPROPRIATIONS


                                 Jimmy Gomez, Chair


          AB  
          891 (Campos) - As Amended May 21, 2015


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          Urgency:  No  State Mandated Local Program:  YesReimbursable:   
          Yes


          SUMMARY:


          This bill provides low income students free transportation to  
          and from school, and requires each local education agency (LEA)  
          to designate a liaison to address transportation issues.  








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          Specifically, this bill:


          1)Provides each student eligible for free or reduced-price meals  
            (FRPM), as specified, or who attends a school that  
            participates in the Community Eligibility Option, free  
            transportation to and from school as follows:


             a)   If the student lives more than one-half mile from  
               school, or 


             b)   The neighborhood through which the pupil must travel to  
               get to school is unsafe because of stray dogs, no  
               sidewalks, known gang activity, or another reason  
               documented by stakeholders.


          2)Requires an LEA to designate a liaison responsible for  
            implementing a plan to ensure that students entitled to free  
            transportation, as specified, receive that transportation in a  
            timely manner.


          3)Requires the LEA-designated liaison to be trained to identify  
            and accommodate the special rights of homeless youth and  
            students in a CalWORKs assistance unit where aid is provided  
            only to the child, as specified.


          4)Requires the transportation plan to be developed in  
            consultation with stakeholders, as specified, and to address  
            the ability of students in the LEA's jurisdiction to make  
            regular visits to the public library.


          5)Requires the LEA to ensure free transportation is provided  
            using its existing funds, should be free, dependable, and  








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            timely transportation not be available to students entitled to  
            it.


          FISCAL EFFECT:


          1)Proposition 98/GF state mandated reimbursable costs to LEAs,  
            potentially in the millions of dollars, to provide a liaison  
            to implement a plan to provide free transportation to eligible  
            pupils; including consultation with the Air Resources Board  
            and the Department of Transportation.  Actual costs will  
            depend upon how each LEA chooses to implement the requirement.  
             Some LEAs may need to create a new position. Other LEAs may  
            be able to designate duties to an existing position; however,  
            this would likely involve contract negotiations and increased  
            compensation.  The bill also requires staff training to ensure  
            proper guidance and assistance is provided to this sensitive  
            student population.  There are 1,016 school districts in  
            California. Assuming one-third of districts create a new  
            position, costs could be in excess of $20 million.  


          2)Unknown Proposition 98/GF state mandated reimbursable costs to  
            LEAs, in the millions of dollars, to provide free  
            transportation to students, as specified.  Approximately 3.7  
            million (60% of all students) qualify for FRPM.  As a proxy  
            for costs, a recent study found it would cost $172,048 per  
            week for Los Angeles County to provide free public transit to  
            all K-12 students living below 100 percent of the Federal  
            Poverty Line. This translates to $8.9 million on an annual  
            basis. Statewide costs could be offset to the extent pupils  
            are already receiving transportation as a result of federal  
            mandates for special education and homeless students.  


          COMMENTS:










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          1)Purpose.  Western Center on Law and Poverty, Children's  
            Defense Fund-California, 9 to 5, National Association of  
            Working Women, California and Youth Justice Coalition are  
            co-sponsoring this bill to promote student attendance and  
            success in school for low income and poor students in  
            California by guaranteeing transportation to school. They note  
            the in ability to afford transportation to and from school is  
            one of the most frequently cited barriers that low income  
            youth face in attending school. The supporters also note, in  
            Los Angeles County, the leading cause of ticketing for youth  
            under the age of 18 - 10,000 tickets a year - is due to fair  
            evasion on public transportation. This bill seeks to resolve  
            these issues through the provision of free transportation. 


          2)Background.  The primary dedicated source of funding for  
            school transportation is the Home to School Transportation  
            (HTST) program. The state currently provides $491 million  
            Proposition 98/GF to school districts; however, the current  
            funding formula is widely recognized as outdated and  
            irrational. Districts' funding levels have been locked in at  
            the amounts they received in the early 1980s. Moreover,  
            because the funding formula is based on historical  
            participation, a few school districts and all charter schools  
            in the state are excluded from receiving HTST funding.


            The federal McKinney-Vento Homeless Assistance Act requires  
            districts to provide transportation for homeless students. The  
            federal Individuals with Disabilities Education Act requires  
            that all districts take special steps to ensure students with  
            disabilities receive a "free and appropriate public  
            education." If school officials determine transportation is  
            necessary for a student to access his/her education, the  
            district must provide it.  


            According to the sponsor, San Francisco provides free public  
            transit passes to all children age 5-18 at a cost of  








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            approximately $3 million per year.  The sponsors also note  
            several states, including New Jersey, New York and Missouri  
            guarantee transportation to students based on the distance to  
            and from school. 





          Analysis Prepared by:Misty Feusahrens / APPR. / (916)  
          319-2081