BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    Ó




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                                   THIRD READING 


          Bill No:  AB 931
          Author:   Irwin (D), et al.
          Amended:  7/1/15 in Senate
          Vote:     27  

           SENATE GOVERNANCE & FIN. COMMITTEE:  7-0, 7/8/15
           AYES:  Hertzberg, Nguyen, Beall, Hernandez, Lara, Moorlach,  
            Pavley

           SENATE APPROPRIATIONS COMMITTEE:  7-0, 8/27/15
           AYES:  Lara, Bates, Beall, Hill, Leyva, Mendoza, Nielsen

           ASSEMBLY FLOOR:  79-0, 6/1/15 - See last page for vote

           SUBJECT:   Taxation: credit: hiringTaxation: credit: hiring.


          SOURCE:    Author


          DIGEST:  This bill extends the separation period from military  
          service for veterans to qualify their employers for a hiring tax  
          credit from 12 months to 36 months.


          ANALYSIS:   


          Existing law:


          1)Allows various income tax credits, deductions, and sales and  
            use tax exemptions to provide incentives to compensate  
            taxpayers that incur certain expenses, such as child adoption,  
            or to influence behavior, including business practices and  








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            decisions, such as research and development credits.


          2)Allows a tax credit for wages paid by taxpayers to qualified  
            employees within former enterprise zones, and other areas that  
            suffer from high levels of poverty and unemployment (AB 93,  
            Committee on Budget, Chapter 69, Statutes of 2013).  The  
            credit lasts from the 2014 taxable year until the 2019 taxable  
            year.


          3)Requires taxpayers be engaged in specified industries and have  
            a net increase in full-time employment within census areas  
            designated by the Department of Finance (DOF) with  
            unemployment and poverty rates within the top 25% of all  
            census tracts within the state, in a former enterprise zone  
            unless its unemployment and poverty rates are within the  
            bottom quartile statewide, or a former local agency military  
            base recovery area (LAMBRA), to claim the wage credit.


          4)Sets the value of the credit as 35% of qualified wages paid to  
            qualified employees, defined as employees who meets all of the  
            following criteria:


             a)   Performs at least 50% of the work within the census  
               tract, former enterprise zone, or former LAMBRA,

             b)   Is paid wages that exceed 150% of the minimum wage,

             c)   Is hired on or after January 1, 2014,  

             d)   Is hired after the date which DOF determines that the  
               census tract in which his or her work is performed has  
               unemployment and poverty rates within the top 25% of all  
               census tracts within the state, or within a former  
               enterprise zone that DOF determines doesn't have  
               unemployment and poverty rates within the bottom quartile  
               statewide,

             e)   Is either paid wages for at least 35 hours per week, or  








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               is a fulltime salaried employee,

             f)   Was either unemployed for the past six months, was a  
               veteran separated from service in the last 12 months, was a  
               recipient of the federal earned income tax credit, was an  
               ex-offender formerly convicted of a felony, or was a  
               CalWORKs (California Work Opportunity and Responsibility to  
               Kids) or general assistance recipient.  

          This bill allows veterans separated from military service within  
          the last 36 months to qualify their employers for credit,  
          commencing in the 2016 taxable year.

          Background

          In 2013, the Legislature enacted AB 93 (Committee on Budget),  
          which reformed California's economic development policies by  
          eliminating enterprise zones and other geographically-targeted  
          economic development areas, and replaced them with three new tax  
          benefits:

           Tax credits for wages paid by taxpayers to qualified employees  
            within former enterprise zones, and other areas that suffer  
            from high levels of poverty and unemployment.  The credit  
            lasts from the 2014 taxable year until the 2019 taxable year.  
            For calendar year 2014, there were 8,828 reservations with a  
            tentative credit amount of $14,707,832, with most reservation  
            claims coming in November and December.

           A sales and use tax exemption on purchases of manufacturing  
            equipment made by taxpayers within specific North American  
            Industrial Classification System codes, capped at $200 million  
            annually per taxpayer, effective July 1, 2014, and ending July  
            1, 2022.

           The California Competes Tax Credit, where taxpayers apply to  
            the California Competes Tax Credit Committee, who can then  
            award various tax credits up to an annually capped amount.   
            The Committee can grant $30 million in tax credits in 2013-14,  
            $150 million in 2014-15, and $200 million for the 2015-16,  
            2016-17, and 2017-18 fiscal years, plus unallocated or  
            recaptured credits from previous years.  








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          Veterans separated from military service within the last 12  
          months qualify their employers for the hiring credit, so long as  
          they meet all the other requirements in the law.  However,  
          veterans with longer separation periods are often unemployed or  
          underemployed, but don't qualify their employers for the credit  
          under current law. 

          Comments

          Tax benefits directed for specific purposes do two things:   
          First, they reward behavior that would have occurred without the  
          subsidy, so-called "deadweight loss."  Some firms will hire  
          veterans separated from the military for more than a year  
          because they're the best candidate for the position, or because  
          it's the right thing to do.  In these instances, the state  
          receives no marginal benefit, and transfers wealth from purposes  
          it would otherwise spend money on for government purposes to the  
          firm.  Second, this bill may lead to more veterans being  
          employed in California that wouldn't have occurred but for the  
          credit; the financial incentive provides enough of a marginal  
          benefit for the taxpayer to hire the veteran.  A successful tax  
          credit leads to higher employment rates for veterans separated  
          from the military for more than a year at the margin than its  
          deadweight loss, but no tax credit has yet conclusively  
          demonstrated that its benefits outweigh its costs.  
          
          FISCAL EFFECT:   Appropriation:    No          Fiscal  
          Com.:YesLocal:   No

          According to the Senate Appropriations Committee, the Franchise  
          Tax Board (FTB) estimates that this bill will result in General  
          Fund losses of $20,000 in 2015-16, $150,000 in 2016-17, and  
          $250,000 in 2017-18. This bill will not impact FTB's  
          administration costs.


          SUPPORT:   (Verified8/28/15)


          American Legion - Department of California
          AMVETS - Department of California








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          California Association of County Veterans Services Officers
          California Council of Chapters
          California State Commanders Veterans Council
          Goodwill of California
          Military Officers Association of America
          VFW Department of California
          Vietnam Veterans of America - California State Council 


          OPPOSITION:   (Verified8/28/15)


          None received


          ARGUMENTS IN SUPPORT:     According to the author, "AB 931 will  
          expand the timeframe for Veterans who have separated from active  
          duty to be eligible for a hiring tax credit which makes them a  
          more attractive hire for potential employers.  This bill will  
          also increase the total amount of veterans in California who are  
          included in this group which will help employers identify more  
          unemployed veterans.  California is home to a growing population  
          of over 1.8 million veterans.  As two overseas operations are  
          concluding, the employment needs for veterans in California will  
          continue to increase.  According to a Congressional Joint  
          Economic Committee report, the unemployment rate for  
          California's veterans continues to be substantially larger than  
          the national average.  The state's unemployment rate is also  
          higher for post-9/11 veterans.  There is not yet sufficient tax  
          data on the effectiveness of the New Employment Credit because  
          it began on January 1, 2014.  However, based on early project  
          based on tax reservation the hiring tax credit appears to be  
          going underutilized.  Less than 50 employers in the state have  
          applied for tax reservation for hiring a veteran eligible for  
          the tax credit.  AB 931 will address this by allowing more  
          veterans to be hired under the New Employment Credit.  This tax  
          credit also ensures that those hired are paid at least 150% of  
          the minimum wage and for no less than 35 hours per week. This  
          bill will increase incentives for employers to connect Veterans  
          with quality, high-paying jobs."

          ASSEMBLY FLOOR:  79-0, 6/1/15








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          AYES:  Achadjian, Alejo, Travis Allen, Baker, Bigelow, Bloom,  
            Bonilla, Bonta, Brough, Brown, Burke, Calderon, Campos, Chang,  
            Chau, Chávez, Chiu, Chu, Cooley, Cooper, Dababneh, Dahle,  
            Daly, Dodd, Eggman, Frazier, Beth Gaines, Gallagher, Cristina  
            Garcia, Eduardo Garcia, Gatto, Gipson, Gomez, Gonzalez,  
            Gordon, Gray, Grove, Hadley, Harper, Roger Hernández, Holden,  
            Irwin, Jones, Jones-Sawyer, Kim, Lackey, Levine, Linder, Low,  
            Maienschein, Mathis, Mayes, McCarty, Medina, Melendez, Mullin,  
            Nazarian, Obernolte, O'Donnell, Olsen, Patterson, Perea,  
            Quirk, Rendon, Ridley-Thomas, Rodriguez, Salas, Santiago,  
            Steinorth, Mark Stone, Thurmond, Ting, Wagner, Waldron, Weber,  
            Wilk, Williams, Wood, Atkins
          NO VOTE RECORDED:  Lopez

          Prepared by:Colin Grinnell / GOV. & F. / (916) 651-4119
          8/31/15 9:06:06


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