BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    Ó



          SENATE COMMITTEE ON EDUCATION
                              Senator Carol Liu, Chair
                                2015 - 2016  Regular 

          Bill No:              AB 1228             
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          |Author:    |Gipson                                               |
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          |Version:   |February 27, 2015                      Hearing Date: |
          |           |    June 24, 2015                                    |
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          |Urgency:   |No                     |Fiscal:     |Yes             |
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          |Consultant:|Lynn Lorber                                          |
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          Subject:  Public postsecondary education:  campus housing:   
          priority for homeless youth

            SUMMARY
          
          This bill extends priority for housing at the University of  
          California, the California State University, and the California  
          Community Colleges to homeless youth, and requests campuses to  
          develop plans to ensure that homeless and foster youth have  
          housing during breaks.  

            BACKGROUND
          
          Existing federal law, the McKinney-Vento Homeless Assistance  
          Act, defines homeless individuals as an individual or family:

          1)Who lacks a fixed, regular, and adequate nighttime residence.

          2)With a primary nighttime residence that is a public or private  
            place not designed for or ordinarily used as a regular  
            sleeping accommodation for human beings, including a car,  
            park, abandoned building, bus or train station, airport, or  
            camping ground.

          3)Living in a supervised publicly or privately operated shelter  
            designated to provide temporary living arrangements (including  
            hotels and motels paid for by Federal, State, or local  
            government programs for low-income individuals or by  
            charitable organizations, congregate shelters, and  
            transitional housing).







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          4)Will imminently lose their housing, including housing they  
            own, rent, or live in without paying rent, are sharing with  
            others, and rooms in hotels or motels not paid for by Federal,  
            State, or local government programs for low-income individuals  
            or by charitable organizations; has no subsequent residence  
            identified; and lacks the resources or support networks needed  
            to obtain other permanent housing.

          5)Unaccompanied youth and homeless families with children and  
            youth defined as homeless under other Federal statutes.   
            (United States Code, Title 42, § 11302)








          Existing state law:

          1)Requires campuses of the California State University (CSU) and  
            University of California (UC), to the extent the Regents of  
            the UC adopt a resolution making this requirement applicable,  
            and requests campuses of the California Community Colleges  
            (CCC), in order to ensure current and former foster youth have  
            stable housing, to give priority for housing these students.  
            (Education Code § 76010, § 90001.5, and § 92660)

          2)Requires campuses of the CSU and UC, and requests campuses of  
            the CCC, that maintain student housing facilities open for  
            occupation during school breaks, or on a year-round basis, to  
            give first priority to current and former foster youth for  
            residence in the housing facilities that are open for  
            uninterrupted year-round occupation.  
            (EC § 76010, § 90001.5, and § 92660)

          3)Requests the UC Regents and the CSU Trustees to explore  
            methods of using the admissions-by-exemption category to  
            assist the transition of students in foster care into  
            four-year public institutions of higher education.  (EC §  
            66019.3)









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            ANALYSIS
          
          This bill extends priority for housing at the UC, the CSU, and  
          the CCCs to homeless youth, and requests campuses to develop  
          plans to ensure that homeless and foster youth have housing  
          during breaks.  Specifically, this bill:

          1)Requires campuses of the CSU and UC, to the extent the Regents  
            of the UC adopt a resolution making this requirement  
            applicable, and requests campuses of the CCC, in order to  
            ensure current and former homeless youth have stable housing,  
            to give priority for housing these students.

          2)Requires campuses of the CSU and UC, and requests campuses of  
            the CCC, that maintain student housing facilities open for  
            occupation during school breaks, or on a year-round basis, to  
            give first priority to current and former homeless youth for  
            residence in the housing facilities that are open for  
            uninterrupted year-round occupation.

          3)Requires campuses of the CSU and UC, and requests campuses of  
            the CCC, to provide this housing to current and former  
            homeless and foster youth at no extra cost during the academic  
            or campus breaks, and next give priority to current and former  
            homeless youth for housing that is open for occupation during  
            the most days in the calendar year.

          4)Requests campuses of the CSU, UC, and CCC to develop a plan to  
            ensure that current and former homeless and foster youth can  
            access housing resources as needed during and between academic  
            terms, including during academic and campus breaks.




          5)Defines "homeless youth" to mean a student under 25 years of  
            age, who has been verified as a homeless child or youth at any  
            time during the prior six years, by at least one of the  
            following: 

             a)   A homeless services provider, as defined by the Health  
               and Safety Code.

             b)   The director, or his or her designee, of a federal TRIO  








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               program or a Gaining Early Awareness and Readiness for  
               Undergraduate Programs (GEAR UP) program.

             c)   A financial aid administrator. 

          6)Requests the Regents of the University of California (UC) and  
            the Trustees of the California State University (CSU) to  
            explore methods of using the admissions-by-exemption category  
            to assist the transition of students who are homeless into  
            four-year public institutions of higher education.

          STAFF COMMENTS
          
       1)Need for the bill.  According to the author, "A report by the  
            California Homeless Youth Project, More than a Roof: How  
            California Can End Youth Homelessness, demonstrates that  
            educational attainment is a key determinant of whether  
            homeless and foster youth thrive as self-sufficient adults.   
            Unfortunately, homeless and foster youth face a myriad of  
            challenges impeding their educational success.  For those that  
            do access higher education, challenges follow them to  
            university campuses.  In addition to lacking parental and  
            financial support, many live in vehicles or shelters.   
            Ensuring that their basic housing needs are met will help them  
            focus on their education, improving graduation rates and  
            self-sufficiency."

       2)Existing resources for students who are homeless.  According to  
            the Assembly Higher Education Committee analysis, campuses of  
            the UC work with current and former homeless students by  
            providing them with emergency financial support, temporary  
            housing, food, and connecting them with community resources.   
            Each campus has case managers or social workers in place to  
            work with these students and assist in their transition.   
            Additionally, UC at Los Angeles (UCLA) administers a program  
            focused on assisting current and former homeless youth that  
            has received nationwide attention.  UCLA's program provides  
            food vouchers and free stays in vacant dormitory rooms to its  
            homeless students.  Many CSU campuses have community  
            partnerships with local entities in order to provide necessary  
            services and needs for current and former homeless students.   
            Of the 112 California Community College (CCC) campuses, 11  
            provide student apartments and/or dormitory rooms that are  
            either on campus or adjacent to the campus.  Currently, there  








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            is no known explicit policy of the UC, CSU or CCC ensuring  
            current and former homeless youth have priority in receiving  
            campus housing. 

       3)Admissions-by-exemption.  Existing law requests the Regents of  
            the UC and the Trustees of the CSU to explore methods of using  
            the admissions-by-exemption category to assist the transition  
            of students who are in foster care into four-year public  
            institutions of higher education.  This bill extends that  
            request to include students who are homeless.  The University  
            of California (UC) and the California State University (CSU)  
            may admit students pursuant to admissions-by-exception,  
            whereby a student who is not academically eligible may be  
            admitted based upon demonstration of potential for success.

       4)TRIO and GEAR UP.  This bill defines a homeless youth to include  
            youth under age 25 who have been identified by the director,  
            or his or her designee, of a federal TRIO or GEAR UP program.

       The federal TRIO programs are outreach and student services  
            programs designed to identify and provide services for  
            students from disadvantaged backgrounds.  TRIO includes eight  
            programs targeted to serve and assist low-income students,  
            first-generation college students, and students with  
            disabilities to progress through the academic pipeline from  
            middle school to post-baccalaureate programs.

       GEAR UP is a federal grant program designed to increase the number  
            of low-income students who are prepared to enter and succeed  
            in postsecondary education. GEAR UP provides six-year grants  
            to states and partnerships to provide services at high-poverty  
            middle and high schools.  GEAR UP grantees serve an entire  
            cohort of students beginning no later than the seventh grade  
            and follow the cohort through high school.  GEAR UP funds are  
            also used to provide college scholarships to low-income  
            students.

       5)Fiscal impact.  According to the Assembly Appropriations  
            Committee, any costs to campuses of the CSU, UC and California  
            Community College (CCC) will be minor and absorbable. 

       6)Related legislation.  AB 801 (Bloom, 2015) enacts the Success for  
            Homeless Youth in Higher Education Act, which, among other  
            things, requires the CSU and CCC, and requests the UC, to  








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            extend priority enrollment to current and former homeless  
            youth.  AB 801 is pending in this Committee.

            SUPPORT
          
          American Federation of State, County and Municipal Employees
          Aspiranet
          California Coalition for Youth
          California Federation of Teachers
          California State Student Association
          County Welfare Directors Association of California
          Housing California
          John Burton Foundation for Children Without Homes
          Junior League of California, State Public Affairs Committee
          Junior League of Orange County
          League of California Cities
          National Association of Social Workers, California Chapter
          National Center for Youth Law
          Public Counsel
          University of California Student Association


            OPPOSITION
           
           None received.

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