BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    Ó



          SENATE COMMITTEE ON TRANSPORTATION AND HOUSING
                              Senator Jim Beall, Chair
                                2015 - 2016  Regular 

          Bill No:          AB 1250           Hearing Date:    7/14/2015
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          |Author:   |Bloom                                                 |
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          |Version:  |7/6/2015                                              |
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          |Urgency:  |No                     |Fiscal:      |No              |
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          |Consultant|Randy Chinn                                           |
          |:         |                                                      |
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          SUBJECT:  Vehicles:  buses:  gross axle weight


            DIGEST:  This bill establishes a declining maximum unladen  
          weight per axle for buses.

          ANALYSIS:
          
          Existing law:

          1)Limits the gross weight of buses to 20,500 pounds per axle.

          2)Prohibits California from enforcing a weight limit of less  
            than 24,000 pounds per axle for buses travelling on the  
            federal interstate highway system.

          3)Allows, until January 1, 2016, a public transit system to  
            procure a bus whose weight exceeds 20,500 pounds per axle if  
            1) the new bus weighs less per axle than the bus it is  
            replacing, or 2) the new buses are part of a new fleet class,  
            provided that the governing board of the public transit system  
            makes a finding that the new fleet class is necessary to  
            address a need in a new or existing market.

          This bill:

          1)Exempts from the 20,500 pound weight limitation buses procured  
            from a solicitation issued prior to January 1, 2016.

          2)Establishes a declining maximum unladen weight per axle  







          AB 1250 (Bloom)                                    Page 2 of ?
          
          
            beginning at 25,000 pounds per axle for buses procured through  
            a solicitation issued prior to January 1, 2018, and ending at  
            22,000 pounds for buses procured through a solicitation issued  
            on or after January 1, 2022.

          
          COMMENTS:

          1)Purpose.  According to the author, transit buses play an  
            integral role in California's Transportation infrastructure.   
            While cities, planning agencies, transit agencies, and bus  
            manufacturers do not all agree on the solution for overweight  
            buses, it is essential that transit systems continue to  
            operate, and transit agencies must be allowed to continue to  
            procure transit vehicles if the need arises.  Stakeholders  
            have convened with the goal of crafting a long-term solution  
            that works for all parties.  The hope is that some agreement  
            will be reached this year that will settle the axle weight  
            issue once and for all, an agreement that could eventually be  
            amended into this bill.

          2)The time has come.  There have been legislative attempts to  
            deal with overweight buses since 2012, and each has resulted  
            in stop-gap measures which deferred any solution.  In the  
            meantime, more heavy buses have joined the transit fleets,  
            increasing the damage that will inevitably occur as these  
            vehicles use our deteriorating roads and bridges for years to  
            come.  As the state grapples for solutions to funding road  
            maintenance and repair, it makes little sense to ignore this  
            longstanding problem.

          3)Technology requirements are part of the problem.  California's  
            air pollution and greenhouse gas emission reduction goals have  
            resulted in alternatively fueled powertrains for buses, such  
            as electric and compressed natural gas.  Improving efficiency  
            in transit operations often means using larger buses and  
            optimizing routes so that buses run full.  Both of these  
            policies result in buses which are so heavy that they can  
            damage streets and prematurely wear bridges and overpasses.   
            As policymakers consider new technologies and efficiency  
            improvements, they'd be wise to also consider the effects of  
            their decisions on the state's transportation infrastructure.   
            Fixing the states deteriorating roads and bridges is  
            expensive.









          AB 1250 (Bloom)                                    Page 3 of ?
          
          
          4)Status of negotiations.  Negotiations between the transit  
            agencies and state and local government continue.  The two  
            major concerns left to be resolved with local government are,  
            1) whether articulated buses should be subject to permitting  
            because of the potential additional damage they cause, and 2)  
            the cut-off date for buses to meet the declining weight  
            limits.  The specific concern with (2) is that the cut-off  
            dates are tied to solicitations, not delivery dates,  
            potentially making the deadline too open-ended.  Negotiations  
            between the transit agencies and state government are in the  
            early stages so areas of agreement or disagreement aren't yet  
            known.

          5)Two observations.  One key metric for this bill is unladen, or  
            empty, weight.  Supporters contend that this is a knowable,  
            consistent, and clear measure.  However, this is an unusual  
            metric, as the much more common metric is gross, or actual,  
            weight.  This measures the actual force of the tires, though  
            the gross weight for buses will vary throughout the day as  
            passenger loads rise and fall.  For comparison, a fully loaded  
            bus is as much as one-third heavier than an empty bus.

            A second observation is that the bill permits a maximum  
            allowable weight per axle of 25,000 pounds unladen for buses  
            procured in 2016 and 2017.  This is much higher than the  
            weight of the heaviest axle of the heaviest bus: 22,700 pounds  
            unladen.  The committee may wish to question why the starting  
            maximum weight is so high.

          6)One pocket or the other.  Forcing transit agencies to  
            prematurely remove their heaviest buses or to pay premium  
            prices for lower weight buses will be costly to taxpayers and,  
            to a lesser extent, riders.  Forcing cities and the state  
            Department of Transportation to pay for additional road repair  
            due to overweight buses will also be costly to taxpayers.   
            Unless the bus industry can develop a lower weight bus, it  
            seems that there is no answer to the overweight bus problem  
            that won't be costly to taxpayers.

          Related Legislation:
          
          AB 1720 (Bloom, Chapter 263, Statutes of 2014) - provides a  
          two-year exemption for existing transit buses to exceed the  
          state weight limit, sunsetting at the end of 2016.









          AB 1250 (Bloom)                                    Page 4 of ?
          
          
          AB 1706 (Eng, Chapter 771, Statutes of 2012) - provided a  
          two-year exemption for existing transit buses to exceed the  
          state weight limit, sunsetting at the end of 2014.

          Assembly Votes:

            Floor:    80-0
            Trans:    16-0
          
          FISCAL EFFECT:  Appropriation:  No    Fiscal Com.:  No    Local:  
           No


            


          POSITIONS:  (Communicated to the committee before noon on  
          Wednesday,
                          July 8, 2015.)
          
            SUPPORT:  

          California Transit Association (sponsor)
          City of Santa Monica
          Orange County Transportation Authority
          Santa Cruz Metropolitan Transit District

          OPPOSITION:

          None received


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