BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    Ó



          SENATE COMMITTEE ON APPROPRIATIONS
                             Senator Ricardo Lara, Chair
                            2015 - 2016  Regular  Session

          AB 1354 (Dodd) - Discrimination:  equal pay:  state contracting
          
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          |Version: July 7, 2015           |Policy Vote: G.O. 9 - 3         |
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          |Urgency: No                     |Mandate: No                     |
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          |Hearing Date: August 17, 2015   |Consultant: Mark McKenzie       |
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          This bill meets the criteria for referral to the Suspense File. 







          Bill  
          Summary:  AB 1354 would require employers with 100 or more  
          employees to submit a nondiscrimination program, including a  
          specified workforce analysis, to the Department of Fair  
          Employment and Housing (DFEH) prior to becoming a contractor or  
          subcontractor with the state.  Contractors and subcontractors  
          would also be required to submit periodic compliance reports and  
          DFEH would be authorized to require approval and certification  
          of nondiscrimination programs.


          Fiscal  
          Impact:  
           Minor and absorbable DFEH costs to receive nondiscrimination  
            programs and to define "employee" for purposes of the bill.   







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            (General Fund)

           Major DFEH General Fund cost pressures, potentially in the  
            millions annually.  If DFEH exercised authority to require  
            approval and certification contractors' nondiscrimination  
            programs, it would require approximately 80 PY of consultant  
            staff, plus supervisory staff and administrative support, to  
            support such a program.  In addition, to collect and sort data  
            on contractors' workers by job category, race, gender,  
            ethnicity, wages, and hours worked, DFEH would need to  
            purchase a new software system at a one-time cost of  
            approximately $1 million, with ongoing costs of approximately  
            $160,000 annually (General Fund).  These cost pressures could  
            be substantially higher if DFEH further extended the  
            requirements to subcontractors and to smaller businesses.

           Potential increase in state contracting costs (various funds),  
            to the extent contractors and subcontractors build the costs  
            to prepare a nondiscrimination program and workforce analysis  
            into bid prices.  Contracting costs could also be impacted by  
            a reduction in eligible contractors or subcontractors, to the  
            extent some businesses fail to comply with the bill's  
            requirements and are deemed ineligible to contract with the  
            state.  Reduced competition for state contracts could lead to  
            higher prices.


          Background:  Existing law, the Unruh Civil Rights Act, generally prohibits  
          discrimination on the basis of sex, race, color, religion,  
          ancestry, national origin, disability, medical condition,  
          marital status, or sexual orientation, and provides civil  
          remedies for violations of its provisions. Existing law also  
          prohibits discrimination in the provision of health care and  
          insurance benefits on the basis of numerous factors, including  
          sex, domestic partner status, or gender, gender identity, and  
          gender expression.  Existing law authorizes state agencies to  
          enter into contracts for the acquisition of goods or services  
          and establishes rules governing the awarding of contracts by  
          state agencies, including general requirements for competitive  
          bidding.  Businesses that wish to contract with the state must  
          comply with various nondiscrimination requirements.
          Existing law specifies that employers may be required to submit  
          a nondiscrimination program to DFEH for approval and  
          certification prior to becoming a contractor or subcontractor  








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          with the state.  An employer may also be required to submit  
          periodic reports of compliance with that program.  DFEH does not  
          currently approve and certify contractor and subcontractor  
          nondiscrimination programs.


          In response to a Presidential Memorandum pertaining to pay  
          equity, the Office of Federal Contract Compliance Programs  
          (OFCCP) under the U.S. Department of Labor issued a Notice of  
          Proposed Rulemaking on August 6, 2014 that would require certain  
          federal contractors and subcontractors that have more than 100  
          employees to submit an annual "Equal Pay Report" on employee  
          compensation to the OFCCP.  The rulemaking is designed to  
          require affected entities to supplement an existing Employer  
          Information Report with summary information on compensation paid  
          to employees, as contained in W-2 forms, by sex, race,  
          ethnicity, and specified job categories, as well as other  
          relevant data points such as hours worked, and the number of  
          employees.  The OFCCP intends to compile the data electronically  
          and use the information to target compliance enforcement  
          efforts.  The comment period for this proposed rulemaking closed  
          on January 5, 2015.  It is unclear when a final rule will be  
          adopted.




          Proposed Law:  
            AB 1354 would enact the Equal Pay for Equal Work Act of 2015.   
          Specifically, this bill would:
           Require an employer with 100 or more employees to submit a  
            nondiscrimination program to DFEH and periodic reports, no  
            more than annually, on compliance with that program, prior to  
            becoming a contractor or subcontractor with the state.
           Specify that an employer with fewer than 100 employees may  
            also be required to submit a nondiscrimination program and  
            comply with the bill's requirements.
           Authorize DFEH to require approval and certification of a  
            nondiscrimination program.
           Require DFEH to define "employee" for purposes of these  
            requirements.
           Require a nondiscrimination program to include policies and  
            procedures that ensure equal employment opportunities for all  
            applicants and employees, an analysis of employment selection  








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            procedures, and a workforce analysis that includes:
               o      An equal pay report that includes the total number  
                 of workers in a specific job category identified by  
                 worker race, ethnicity, and gender.
               o      Total wages reported on W-2 forms for all workers in  
                 a specific job category identified by worker race,  
                 ethnicity, and gender.
               o      The total annual hours worked for all workers in a  
                 specific job category identified by worker race,  
                 ethnicity, and gender.  Exempt employees are presumed to  
                 have a 40-hour work week for purposes of this report.




          Staff  
          Comments:  This bill would require companies that wish to  
          contract with the state to prepare and submit to DFEH a  
          nondiscrimination program, including specified workforce data  
          that could be used to identify wage disparities by race,  
          ethnicity, and gender.  Insofar as the bill is permissive with  
          respect to DFEH authority to approve and certify  
          nondiscrimination programs, and there are no requirements for  
          DFEH to compile or analyze the aggregated worker data submitted  
          by employers, the bill would only impose minor and absorbable  
          costs onto DFEH to receive nondiscrimination programs and  
          self-reported compliance efforts and to define "employee" for  
          purposes of the employer requirements.  Although DFEH currently  
          has the authority to require employers to submit  
          nondiscrimination programs for certification and approval prior  
          to contracting with the state, the department has not exercised  
          that authority to date. 
          AB 1354 contains a provision indicating that the Legislature  
          intends this bill to promote pay equity and nondiscrimination,  
          and to obtain better data on pay equity to more wholly address  
          the problem.  In order for the workforce data submitted by  
          employers to be used to meaningfully address pay equity issues,  
          DFEH would need to collect and compile the information in a  
          sortable database that could be used in nondiscrimination  
          enforcement efforts or to better inform policymakers in order to  
          affect change.  DFEH indicates that, although the bill does not  
          explicitly require collection of aggregated data, if it were to  
          compile electronic contractor and subcontractor workforce data,  
          it would need a new software system with sortable capabilities  








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          at a one-time cost of approximately $1 million, and ongoing  
          costs of approximately $160,000.  Absent such a system, the  
          workforce information would likely be simply collected by DFEH  
          and filed in hard copy.




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