BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    Ó



                                                                    AB 1778


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          Date of Hearing:  March 15, 2016


                       ASSEMBLY COMMITTEE ON HIGHER EDUCATION


                                 Jose Medina, Chair


          AB 1778  
          (Quirk) - As Introduced February 3, 2016


          SUBJECT:  Postsecondary education:  sexual assault and sexual  
          violence training


          SUMMARY:  Requires, in order to receive state funds for student  
          financial assistance, the governing boards of the community  
          colleges, the California State University (CSU) Trustees, the  
          University of California (UC) Regents, and the governing boards  
          of independent postsecondary institutions to conduct annual  
          training of their employees on the employee's obligations in  
          responding to and reporting incidents of sexual assault,  
          domestic violence, dating violence, and stalking involving  
          students.    


          EXISTING LAW:  

          1)Requires the governing board of public, private, and  
            independent postsecondary educational institution that  
            receives public funds for student financial assistance to  
            compile records of crimes on campus, make crime records  
            available upon request, and to disclose a reported Part 1  
            violent crime, sexual assault, or hate crime, to the local law  
            enforcement agency where the campus is located.  (Education  
            Code Section 67380, 67383)









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          2)Requires, under the Kristen Smart Campus Safety Act, UC  
            Regents, CSU Trustees, CCD governing boards, and independent  
            colleges that meet specified conditions to enter into specific  
            written agreements with local law enforcement agencies  
            regarding the coordination and responsibilities for  
            investigating Part 1 violent crimes which occur on campus.  
            (EDC Section 67381)



          3)Requires public postsecondary educational institutions to each  
            adopt, and implement at each campus or other facilities, a  
            written procedure or protocols to ensure, to the fullest  
            extent possible, that students, faculty and staff who are  
            victims of sexual assault committed on grounds maintained by  
            the institution or affiliated student organizations, receive  
            treatment and information.  The written procedures or  
            protocols must contain specified information.  (EDC Section  
            67385.)



          4)Requires public postsecondary educational institutions, and  
            requests UC, in collaboration with campus- and community-based  
            victim advocacy organizations, to provide as part of campus  
            orientations, educational and preventive information about  
            sexual violence and to develop policies to encourage students  
            to report any campus crimes involving sexual violence.  (EDC  
            Section 67385.7.)



          5)Requires public and independent postsecondary institutions, as  
            a condition of receipt of student aid funds, to adopt a policy  
            concerning campus sexual violence, domestic violence, dating  
            violence, and stalking that includes specified components and  
            standards, including an "affirmative consent" standard for  
            determining whether consent was given by both parties to  
            sexual activity.  Establishes a preponderance of evidence as  








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            the evidentiary standard for determining if sexual  
            violence/harassment occurred. (EDC Section 67386)



          6)Requires, under the federal Jeanne Clery Disclosure of Campus  
            Security Policy and Campus Crime Statistics Act (Clery Act),  
            public and private postsecondary educational institutions that  
            participate in the federal financial aid program to disclose  
            information about crimes on and around campuses. (20 U.S.C.  
            section 1092(f))



          7)Requires, under federal Title IX (20 U.S.C. sections  
            1681-1688), public and private postsecondary educational  
            institutions that participate in the federal financial aid  
            program to establish certain rights for victims of sexual  
            assault, including:

             a)   Institutions are responsible for immediately and  
               effectively responding to any sexual harassment or violence  
               that creates a hostile environment.  The institution must  
               eliminate the harassment or violence, prevent its  
               recurrence, and address its effects.  Regardless of whether  
               a student chooses to file a complaint with the institution,  
               the institution is responsible for investigating and taking  
               appropriate steps to resolve the situation.  A criminal  
               investigation does not relieve the school of its duty under  
               Title IX.

             b)   Institutions must have and distribute policies against  
               sex discrimination; the policy must state that inquiries  
               concerning Title IX may be referred to the institution's  
               Title IX coordinator or to the Office of Civil Rights  
               (OCR).

             c)   Institutions must have a designated Title IX coordinator  
               and notify students and employees of the name and contact  








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               information for the Title IX coordinator.  The coordinator  
               is responsible for overseeing all complaints of sex  
               discrimination, which include harassment and assault, and  
               identifying and addressing patterns or systemic problems.

             d)   Institutions are required to have and make known the  
               procedures for students to file complaints of sex  
               discrimination, and procedures must provide for prompt and  
               equitable resolution of sex discrimination complaints.  All  
               complainants must have the right to present his or her  
               case, including the right to a full investigation, to  
               present witnesses and evidence, and to an appeal process  
               (available to both parties).

             e)   Establishes a preponderance of the evidence standard  
               (more likely than not) when determining if sexual  
               harassment or violence occurred.

             f)   Provides complainants the right to be notified of the  
               outcome of the complaint, including the sanction.   
               Complainants cannot be required to abide by a nondisclosure  
               agreement.

             g)   Authorizes grievance procedures to include voluntary  
               informal methods (such as mediation) for resolving some  
               types of sexual harassment complaints.  However, mediation  
               is not appropriate in cases involving allegations of sexual  
               assault.    
          
          FISCAL EFFECT:  Unknown.

          COMMENTS:  Purpose of this bill.  According to the author, "when  
          students experience sexual violence they are likely to report  
          the incident to a trusted coach or resident advisor at their  
          campus, unaware that this person may not be adequately trained  
          to appropriately report and support the victim.  The unfortunate  
          truth is that although certain staff is trained to respond to  
          and report student incidents of sexual violence to the  
          appropriate officials, not all college campuses suitably train  








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          every staff member who will interact with a student to do this.   
          The lack of all-inclusive, annual training may lead to  
          mismanagement of these incident reports, or worse, may  
          inadvertently discourage students from reporting these  
          incidents."

          Background.  In June 2014, the California State Auditor's  
          2013-124 report, entitled, Sexual Harassment and Sexual  
          Violence: California Universities Must Better Protect Students  
          by Doing More to Prevent, Respond to, and Resolve Incidents,  
          concluded that California's educational institutions were not  
          properly educating students and training faculty and staff  
          sufficiently on response and reporting of incidents on campus as  
          mandated by Title IX and the Clery Act.  The auditor made a  
          series of recommendations to include the expansion of staff  
          training, the improvement of access and content for student  
          education, the enhancement of communication with students, and  
          the evaluation of summary data collected in order to better  
          identify trends and inform strategies to address incidents on  
          campus. 

          California's postsecondary education institutions report that  
          they have taken steps to address the concerns raised in the  
          audit reports and to respond to statutory changes and regulatory  
          guidance by improving processes and outcomes on their campuses.   
          Both the UC and CSU have updated their sexual harassment and  
          assault policies, initiated mandatory prevention and response  
          trainings for all students and employees, and established  
          confidential victim advocate offices on every campus.  The CSU  
          and UC have appointed systemwide officers charged with ensuring  
          Title IX compliance.  . 

          UC policy appears consistent with this bill.  The UC Policy on  
          Sexual Violence and Sexual Harassment issued on January 1, 2016,  
          requires, among other provisions, for each campus to conduct  
          "mandatory annual training and education, about Prohibited  
          Conduct and how conduct can be reported, to all students,  
          faculty, and other academic appointees, and staff in accordance  
          with applicable State and federal law, and University policies."  








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          CSU policy appears consistent with this bill. CSU Executive  
          Order 1096, revised June 23, 2015, requires, among other  
          provisions, mandatory annual training for all employees that  
          includes the rights and responsibilities of each employee  
          relating to the CSU policy and the employee's duty to report. 

          CCC and independent college policies may differ among campuses.   
          Committee staff was unable to verify whether this bill is  
          consistent with existing community college or independent  
          university policies.  The CCC Chancellor's Office convened a  
          Task Force on sexual assault in the spring of 2014, and in May  
          of 2015 the Task Force reported to the Board of Governors (BOG)  
          regarding the findings of a survey of CCC policies and  
          practices.  According to the information presented at the CCC  
          BOG meeting, of 46 responses from colleges and districts, 56%  
          reported that they provide ongoing sexual assault prevention and  
          awareness programs for employees.  

          REGISTERED SUPPORT / OPPOSITION:


          Support


          None on File




          Opposition


          None on File












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          Analysis Prepared by:Laura Metune / HIGHER ED. / (916) 319-3960