BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    Ó



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          Date of Hearing:  April 19, 2016


                       ASSEMBLY COMMITTEE ON HIGHER EDUCATION


                                 Jose Medina, Chair


          AB 1995  
          (Williams) - As Amended March 14, 2016


          SUBJECT:  Community colleges:  homeless students:  access to  
          shower facilities.


          SUMMARY:  Requires campuses of the California Community Colleges  
          (CCC) to grant enrolled homeless students access and usage of  
          campus shower facilities.  Specifically, this bill:  


          1)Specifies that if a CCC has shower facilities for student use  
            on campus, the governing board of the community college  
            district (CCD) shall grant access to the shower facilities to  
            any homeless student, provided the student:


             a)   Is enrolled in coursework;


             b)   Has paid enrollment fees; and,


             c)   Is in good standing with the CCD.


          2)Requires the governing board to create a plan of action in  
            order to have homeless students access and use the shower  








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            facilities that includes, but is not limited to, all of the  
            following:


             a)   Hours of operation for the shower facilities;


             b)   A student safety plan for shower facility use;


             c)   The minimum number of units a student must be enrolled  
               in to use the facilities;


             d)   A plan of action if hours of operation conflict with  
               athletic games;


             e)   A definition of homeless student that is based on the  
               definition of homeless youth specified in the  
               McKinney-Vento Homeless Assistance Act (42 U.S.C. Sec.  
               11434a(2)), but also reflects the age of the homeless  
               student population at the community college campus;


             f)   The fiscal impact of the program on the CCD; and,


             g)   Conducting outreach to homeless students at each  
               community college campus to inform students about available  
               resources offered by the community college and the  
               community.


          3)Requires through the Student Success and Support Program  
            (SSSP), the administration of a program to provide shower  
            facilities to homeless students, as specified.










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          EXISTING LAW:  


          1)Establishes in federal law the McKinney-Vento Homeless  
            Education Assistance Improvements Act of 2001 to ensure  
            educational rights and protections for youth experiencing  
            homelessness (42 U.S.C. 11431, et seq.).



          2)Defines in federal law "homeless children and youth" to mean  
            individuals who lack a fixed, regular and adequate nighttime  
            residence, as specified, including children and youth who are:



             a)   Sharing the housing of other persons due to loss of  
               housing, economic hardship, or similar reason;



             b)   Living in motels, hotels, trailer parks, or camping  
               grounds due to the lack of alternative adequate  
               accommodations;



             c)   Living in emergency or transitional shelters;



             d)   Abandoned in hospitals;



             e)   Awaiting foster care placement;











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             f)   Inhabiting a primary nighttime residence that is a  
               public or private place not designed for or ordinarily used  
               as a regular sleeping accommodation, as specified;



             g)   Living in cars, parks, public spaces, abandoned  
               buildings, substandard housing, bus or train stations, or  
               similar settings; and,

             h)   Migratory, as defined, and who otherwise qualify as  
               homeless per this definition (42 U.S.C. 11434(a)(2)).



          3)Establishes the Community College Student Financial Aid  
            Outreach Program and requires the California Student Aid  
            Commission (CSAC) to develop and administer this program for  
            the purpose of providing financial aid training to high school  
            and community college counselors and advisors, as specified.   
            Further requires the program to:



             a)   Include training to address the specific needs of  
               community college students intending to transfer to a  
               four-year institution of higher education, foster youth,  
               and students with disabilities;



             b)   Provide specialized information on financial aid  
               opportunities available to community college students, as  
               specified; and



             c)   Concentrate its efforts on high schools and community  
               colleges that are located in geographic areas with a high  








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               percentage of low-income families (Education Code (EC)  
               69514.5).



          4)Permits CSAC to, via the Student Opportunity and Access  
            Program, apportion funds on a progress payment schedule for  
            the support of projects designed to increase the accessibility  
            of postsecondary educational opportunities for any elementary  
            and secondary school pupils who are:  from low-income  
            families, will be the first in their families to attend  
            college, or are from schools or geographic regions with  
            documented low eligibility or college participation rates (EC  
            69561).



          5)Creates the SSSP in order to provide a variety of programs  
            intended to ensure the success of CCC students (EC 78212).
          FISCAL EFFECT:  Unknown



          COMMENTS:  Background.  According to the National Association  
          for the Education of Homeless Children and Youth (NAEHCY),  
          college homelessness is a serious issue that is often  
          overlooked; there exists an assumption that if someone is  
          homeless, he/she is so focused on basic needs like food and  
          shelter that school is not a concern.  However, NAEHCY contends  
          that for homeless youth, education is the answer to providing  
          homeless youth means to be able to enter into the work force,  
          earn a living, and no longer be homeless.  


          To note, there is no concrete estimate for the number of  
          homeless college students nationwide, but 58,158 college  
          applicants indicated that they were homeless on federal  
          financial aid forms for the 2012-13 academic year (most recent  
          data available to date); which, according to NAEHCY, is up eight  








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          percent from 53,705 in the previous year, according to federal  
          data.  NAEHCY argues that the number is likely understated,  
          since some students may be staying in a car, relatives' or  
          fellow classmates' couches, or motels, and do not realize they  
          are technically homeless, or do not want to admit to it.   
          Additionally, California has the highest rate of homeless youth  
          in the nation and twice the rate of homeless students as the  
          national average (four percent in CA vs. two percent  
          nationally).


          Purpose of the measure.  According to the author, food and  
          housing insecurity impairs the academic performance of college  
          students.  Students without permanent housing may go without  
          showering and basic hygienic products.  The author states,  
          "Students are less likely to attend class when they do not take  
          showers and feel insecure about their physical appearance."  The  
          author contends that homeless students who lack access to shower  
          facilities and other necessities are at an extreme risk of  
          dropping out of school.


          This measure requires the governing board of a CCD to create  
          certain protocols when authorizing homeless students to access  
          and use campus shower facilities.


          Previous legislation.  AB 1228 (Gipson), Chapter 571, Statutes  
          of 2015, extends priority for housing at the University of  
          California, the California State University, and the CCC, to  
          homeless youth, and requests campuses to develop plans to ensure  
          that homeless and foster youth have housing during school  
          breaks. 


          AB 801 (Bloom) of 2015, which is on the Senate Floor Inactive  
          File, would, among others, create the Success for Homeless Youth  
          in Higher Education Act.









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          REGISTERED SUPPORT / OPPOSITION:




          Support


          Associated Student Body of Long Beach City College


          California Federation of Teachers


          North Orange County Community College District


          Student Senate for California Community Colleges (sponsor)




          Opposition


          None on file.




          Analysis Prepared by:Jeanice Warden / HIGHER ED. / (916)  
          319-3960














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