BILL ANALYSIS Ó AB 2007 Page 1 ASSEMBLY THIRD READING AB 2007 (McCarty) As Amended April 26, 2016 Majority vote ------------------------------------------------------------------ |Committee |Votes|Ayes |Noes | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |----------------+-----+----------------------+--------------------| |Arts |5-0 |Chu, Levine, Low, | | | | |Medina, Nazarian | | | | | | | | | | | | ------------------------------------------------------------------ SUMMARY: Would require amateur youth sports organizations to adopt concussion treatment and recognition protocols similar to those in existing law for student athletes, as specified. Would also require youth sports organizations to develop return-to-play protocols, and provide yearly concussion and head injury information sheets and education, as specified. Specifically, this bill: 1)Declares that a youth sports organization that elects to offer an athletic program shall comply with all the following: a) An athlete who is suspected of sustaining a concussion or other head injury in an athletic activity shall be AB 2007 Page 2 immediately removed from the athletic activity for the remainder of the day, and shall not be permitted to return to the athletic activity until he or she is evaluated by a licensed health care provider. b) The athlete shall not be permitted to return to the athletic activity until he or she receives written clearance to return to the athletic activity from a licensed health care provider. c) If the licensed health care provider determines that the athlete sustained a concussion or other head injury, the athlete shall also complete a graduated return-to-play protocol of no less than seven days in duration under the supervision of a licensed health care provider. 2)Provides that if an athlete who is 17 years of age or younger has been removed from athletic activity due to a suspected concussion, the youth sports organization shall notify a parent or guardian of that athlete of the time and date of the injury, the symptoms observed, and any treatment provided for the injury. 3)Requires, on a yearly basis, the youth sports organization shall give a concussion and head injury information sheet to each athlete. The information sheet shall be signed and returned by the athlete and, if the athlete is 17 years of age or younger, shall also be signed by the athlete's parent or guardian, before the athlete initiates practice or competition. 4)Further requires, on a yearly basis, that the youth sports organization shall give concussion and head injury education or educational materials or both to each coach and administrator of the youth sports organization. 5)States that the youth sports organization shall identify both AB 2007 Page 3 of the following: a) An individual within the youth sports organization who is responsible for ensuring compliance by the organization with the requirements for providing concussion and head injury education contained in paragraph (4). b) Details of the return-to-play protocol required pursuant to paragraph (1). 6)Contains the following definitions: a) "Concussion and head injury education and educational materials" and a "concussion and head injury education information sheet" shall at a minimum include information relating to all of the following: b) Head injuries and their potential consequences. c) The signs and symptoms of concussion. d) Best practices for removal of an athlete from an athletic activity after a suspected concussion. e) Steps for returning an athlete to school and athletic activity after a concussion or head injury. 7)"Licensed health care provider" means a licensed health care provider who is trained in the evaluation and management of concussions and is acting within the scope of his or her practice. 8)"Youth sports organization" means an organization, which may include, but is not necessarily limited to, a business or nonprofit entity or a local governmental agency, that sponsors or conducts amateur athletic competitions, camps, or clubs in which persons 17 years of age or younger participate. AB 2007 Page 4 9)Declares that this section shall not be construed to prohibit a youth sports organization, or any other appropriate entity, from adopting and enforcing rules intended to provide a higher standard of safety for athletes than the standard established under this section. FISCAL EFFECT: None. This bill is keyed non-fiscal by the Legislative Counsel. COMMENTS: The author states, "With this legislation I intend to mitigate the growing problem of injured athletes by creating awareness of sports-related head injuries and having a proper protocol for concussion detections, treatment, and post-concussion management for youth sports leagues." As need for such protection he points to a 2014 study, wherein the Boston University School of Medicine found former NFL players who began playing football before age 12 "demonstrate significantly greater impairment" than those who started playing later in life. The bill's sponsors, the California Athletic Trainers' Association state in their support, "This bill will help close many loopholes in concussion management at the youth sports level, and help protect our most vulnerable athletes by providing similar safeguards that are afforded to high school and college athletes." The California State Parent Teachers Association (PTA) draw attention in their letter of support to the provisions of the bill which "assure that parents are provided annually with a concussion and head injury information sheet and that young athletes are removed immediately from an athletic activity if they are suspected of sustaining a concussion or other head injury." Concussions have greater adverse effect on younger athletes: Studies show that the human brain does not fully develop until a person's mid-20s. Therefore, young athletes experiencing head AB 2007 Page 5 injuries are at greater risk of long-term brain damage if injured during the critical stages of brain development. From 2002 to 2012 the number of reported sports-related concussions among student athletes doubled. This increase in reported concussions is attributed to various factors, including greater awareness and recognition of traumatic brain injuries. However, research also shows that it is likely that self-reported concussion symptoms are under diagnosed, which may lead athletes to return to play prematurely. According to recent research, "Although most (80-90%) concussions resolve within 7-10 days, the recovery process can be longer and more complicated in children and adolescents. Furthermore, younger athletes have a higher risk of severe symptoms and cognitive decline? Due to the more complex recovery process in young athletes, they need protection when they are most vulnerable." (Mukland and Serra, Concussions and Brain Injuries in Youth Sports, December 2015, Rhode Island Medical Journal). In addition, studies show that the risk of a second concussion if an athlete returns to play too soon is greater for youth, both in likelihood and severity. "Athletes who return to play before their concussions have fully resolved may place themselves at an increased risk for prolonged recovery. Although very rare, the potential for catastrophic head injuries, including what is sometimes called 'second impact syndrome' is the primary concern. While catastrophic head injury is uncommon, it may occur more frequently in younger athletes between the ages of 12 to 18 years." (Graham, Rivara, et al, Sports-Related Concussions in Youth: Improving the science, changing the culture, 2014, National Academy of Sciences). Please see Assembly Arts, Entertainment, Sports, Tourism, and Internet Media Committee analysis for a full discussion of the AB 2007 Page 6 measure. Analysis Prepared by: Dana Mitchell / A.,E.,S.,T., & I.M. / (916) 319-3450 FN: 0002852