BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    Ó



                                                                    AB 2016


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          Date of Hearing:   April 27, 2016


                        ASSEMBLY COMMITTEE ON APPROPRIATIONS


                               Lorena Gonzalez, Chair


          AB  
          2016 (Alejo) - As Amended April 21, 2016


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          Urgency:  No  State Mandated Local Program:  YesReimbursable:   
          Yes


          SUMMARY:


          This bill requires the Instructional Quality Commission (IQC) to  
          develop a model curriculum in ethnic studies. Specifically, this  
          bill:  


          1)Requires the curriculum to be developed with participation  
            from universities and colleges with ethnic studies programs  








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            and K-12 teachers who have relevant experience or education  
            background in the study and teaching of ethnic studies.


          2)Requires the model curriculum to be written as a guide to  
            allow school districts to adapt their courses to reflect the  
            pupil demographics in their communities. 


          3)Requires the model curriculum to include examples of  
            traditional and online courses offered by local education  
            agencies (LEAs) that have been approved as meeting A-G  
            requirements for admission to the University of California and  
            California State University systems. 


          4)Requires the IQC to submit model curriculum, on or before June  
            30, 2019, and requires the SBE to adopt the curriculum by  
            November 30, 2019. Provides for a 45 day public comment period  
            prior to SBE adoption.


          5)Requires, beginning the school year following the adoption of  
            the model curriculum, each school district maintaining any of  
            grades 9 to 12, inclusive, that does not otherwise offer a  
            standards-based ethnic studies curriculum, to offer to all  
            otherwise qualified pupils, a course of study in ethnic  
            studies based on the model curriculum as an elective in the  
            social sciences or English language arts.


          FISCAL EFFECT:


          1)Unknown potentially reimbursable Proposition 98/GF state  
            mandated costs for certain school districts to offer ethnic  
            studies elective courses to students in grades 9-12.  There  
            are approximately 1,400 schools that serve grades 9-12 that do  
            not currently provide ethnic studies courses.  Assuming each  








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            school must hire one teacher at an average cost of $75,000,  
            statewide costs could exceed $100 million.  This estimate does  
            not include additional costs for instructional materials.  


          2)General Fund administrative costs of approximately $300,000 in  
            the first year and $460,000 in the second year for the  
            California Department of Education (CDE) to develop a model  
            curriculum framework in ethnic studies.  Developing curriculum  
            framework involves an extensive process that would likely take  
            two years to develop and would necessitate contracting with  
            subject matter experts.  


          COMMENTS:


          1)Purpose.  Courses in ethnic studies typically explore the  
            issues of race, ethnicity, and culture, with the goal of  
            preparing all pupils to engage in the responsibilities of  
            citizenship in an increasingly multicultural global society.   
            Given California's diversity, the author stresses the  
            importance of student's knowledge of the various racial and  
            ethnic groups of our state.



          2)Background.  California curriculum is based on state-adopted  
            content standards.  The curriculum frameworks are guidelines  
            for implementing the standards that are developed by the IQC  
            (also referenced in statute as the "commission") and approved  
            by the State Board of Education (SBE). In addition to  
            curriculum development, the Superintendent of Public  
            Instruction can be directed by law to develop model curricula  
            on different topics, such as the life of Cesar Chavez, and  
            human rights and genocide.











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            The pending history-social science curriculum framework  
            encourages districts to offer ethnic studies courses.   
            Completion of this framework has been delayed over the years  
            due to budget and workload constraints but is now scheduled to  
            be completed by the Fall of 2016.


          


          3)Mandated Costs. This bill requires school districts with  
            students in grades 9-12 to offer a course in ethnic studies  
            once one has been adopted by the SBE.  Currently, many school  
            districts have made the local decision to offer ethnic studies  
            courses as an elective. Additionally, some districts,  
            including Los Angeles Unified School District, are exceeding  
            the requirements of this bill by not only offering ethnic  
            studies but making completion a graduation requirement.    If  
            this bill were to become law, LEAs would likely seek  
            reimbursement from the state for activities they are currently  
            choosing to provide.  



          4)Similar bill vetoed.  AB 101 (Alejo) of 2015 was substantially  
            similar to this bill. AB 101 was vetoed by Governor Brown who  
            stated in his message: 



                 This bill creates what is essentially a redundant  
                 process. The Instructional Quality Commission is in the  
                 midst of revising the History-Social Science Framework,  
                 which includes guidance on ethnic studies courses.  
                 Creating yet another advisory body specific to ethnic  
                 studies would be duplicative and undermine our current  
                 curriculum process.
            To address the veto message of AB 101, the author is now  
            requiring the IQC to make recommendations for the development  








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            of model curriculum, rather than a separate advisory  
            committee.


          Analysis Prepared by:Misty Feusahrens / APPR. / (916)  
          319-2081