BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    Ó



                                                                    AB 2023


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          Date of Hearing:  April 18, 2016


                        ASSEMBLY COMMITTEE ON TRANSPORTATION


                                 Jim Frazier, Chair


          AB 2023  
          (Gray) - As Introduced February 16, 2016


          SUBJECT:  Vehicles:  length


          SUMMARY:  Extends the vehicle length limit for cotton module  
          movers by 5 feet, from 48 feet to 53 feet.


          EXISTING LAW:  


          1)Generally prohibits any vehicle from exceeding a length of 40  
            feet.


          2)Provides over a dozen exceptions to the vehicle length limit,  
            including an exception for motortrucks up to 48 feet in length  
            that are used solely as cotton module movers.


          FISCAL EFFECT:  Unknown, this bill was keyed non-fiscal by the  
          Legislative Counsel.


          COMMENTS:  According to the author, the need to extend the  
          allowable vehicle length for cotton module movers is predicated  
          on changes in law and regulations promulgated by the Air  








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          Resources Board (ARB) over the past two decades that have  
          resulted in truck manufacturers having to redesign engine  
          compartments to meet clean air standards.  The author asserts  
          that these changes effectively prohibit the "once popular  
          cab-over style tractor" and, as a result, require the tractor  
          used as the foundation of a cotton module mover to be longer  
          than allowed by law.  


          Vehicle length limits are necessary for safety reasons.  The  
          longer the truck, the more room it needs to safely negotiate  
          turns.  If the truck length exceeds the geometric design of a  
          road, it can lead to "off-tracking," whereby a portion of the  
          truck strays into the oncoming lane of traffic.  The current  
          vehicle length limit is 40 feet.  Some exceptions are provided  
          for, for example, buses with bicycle racks, motorhomes, or  
          fifth-wheel travel trailers.  Cotton module movers are also  
          exempted from the 40-foot vehicle limit.  In fact, aside from  
          articulated busses, cotton module movers enjoy the longest  
          exception (48 feet) currently allowed, 3 feet longer than the  
          next-longest vehicle and 8 feet longer than the general vehicle  
          length limit.


          Committee comments and concerns:  California's air quality  
          improvement and greenhouse gas emission reduction laws,  
          regulations, and policies have dramatically improved the  
          environment.  They have also significantly influenced regulated  
          industries, driving to change business practices, equipment  
          technology, and processes to meet stringent new standards,  
          sometimes at great cost and financial loss to the industry.  





          The sponsor of AB 2023, the California Cotton Ginners and  
          Growers Association, suggests that California cotton farmers are  
          in a pickle-unable to procure a cotton module mover that meets  








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          California's ARB regulations and that is no longer than 48 feet.  
           They suggest that the state should offset the ramifications of  
          regulatory impacts by some other means, such as loosening  
          vehicle length limits, so that the industry can continue to be  
          viable even while conforming to environmental regulations.  


          According to an industry website, the conventional practice in  
          the United States is to form cotton modules at the edge of the  
          field using a module builder that creates 16-foot or  
          32-foot-long modules with a trapezoidal cross-section.  These  
          modules are typically moved one at a time with the use of  
          self-loading trucks especially designed for this single purpose.  
           





          An emerging trend in the cotton industry is to create round  
          modules that are fully enclosed on the circumference by a  
          specially engineered polyethylene film that protects the cotton  
          while also providing a compressive force to maintain the module  
          density.  One of the many benefits of this approach is that the  
          rolls can be transported on multi-purpose, flat-bed trucks.   
          Industry data indicate 8 rolls of cotton can be transported on a  
          53-foot long truck.  Four rolls weigh about as much as one  
          traditional 32-foot long module.  Therefore, a truck with 8  
          rolls can haul about twice as much as one conventional cotton  
          module mover.  According to at least one truck manufacturer, the  
          industry is moving to larger trucks, not as a result of ARB  
          regulations but because customers are seeking heavier, more  
          powerful trucks, presumably to transport the heavier weight  
          associated with the cotton rolls.  













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          Whether or not vehicle length limits need to change as a direct  
          result of ARB regulations or because of advancing technologies,  
          if the cotton industry can move twice as much product in half as  
          many trips and do it safely, it would behoove the state to take  
          a serious look at accommodating the change.  However, the state  
          should not unduly jeopardize the safety of the highways or the  
          integrity of the pavement.  Extending the length of cotton  
          module movers by three feet, will, in fact, affect the turning  
          radius of these vehicles and lead to greater off-tracking,  
          particularly on narrow conventional highways.  These safety  
          implications should be thoroughly vetted before extra vehicle  
          lengths are allowed.  





          Author's proposed amendment:  The author proposes to take an  
          amendment in committee to reduce from 53 feet to 51 feet the  
          proposed vehicle length limit for cotton module movers.


          REGISTERED SUPPORT / OPPOSITION:




          Support 


          California Cotton Ginners and Growers Association




          Opposition


          Sierra Club








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          Analysis Prepared by:Janet Dawson / TRANS. / (916) 319-2093