BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    Ó



          SENATE COMMITTEE ON EDUCATION
                              Senator Carol Liu, Chair
                                2015 - 2016  Regular 

          Bill No:             AB 2290             
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          |Author:    |Santiago                                             |
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          |Version:   |May 27, 2016                             Hearing     |
          |           |Date:    June 15, 2016                               |
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          |Urgency:   |No                     |Fiscal:    |Yes              |
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          |Consultant:|Lynn Lorber                                          |
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          Subject:  Pupil instruction:  world languages:  revision of  
          content standards


            SUMMARY
          
          This bill authorizes the Superintendent of Public Instruction to  
          recommend to the State Board of Education revisions to the world  
          language content standards by January 31, 2019.

            BACKGROUND
          
          Academic content standards define the knowledge, concepts, and  
          skills that students should acquire at each grade level.   
          Curricular frameworks are the blueprint for implementing the  
          standards, and include criteria by which instructional materials  
          are evaluated.

          Standards in several subject areas were adopted by the State  
          Board of Education (SBE) beginning in the late 1990s.  There is  
          no statutory authority for the review or updating of standards.   
          A schedule once existed for the review and update of frameworks  
          and instructional materials in many subject areas, but those  
          processes were suspended on July 28, 2009 due to budget  
          constraints.  Specific authority has since been provided to  
          develop new standards in specific subjects (statutory authority  
          was also provided to develop frameworks and instructional  
          materials in some of these subjects).

          The SBE has adopted, or is scheduled to adopt, the following  







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          standards:

             1)   The California Common Core Standards in English language  
               arts and mathematics were adopted on August 2, 2010.   
               (Education Code § 60605.8)

             2)   English language development standards that are aligned  
               with the common core standards in English language arts in  
               November 7, 2012.  
          (Former EC § 60811.3)

             3)   A modification of the previously adopted common core  
               standards in mathematics in January 2013.  (EC § 60605.11)

             4)   Revised Career Technical Education Model Curriculum  
               Standards on January 16, 2013.  (EC § 51226)


             5)   The Next Generation Science Standards on September 4,  
               2013.  
               (Former EC § 60605.85)

             6)   English language development standards that are aligned  
               with the common core standards in mathematics and science.   
               The resource, Integrating the CA ELD Standards into K-12  
               Mathematics and Science Teaching and Learning, was released  
               in December 2015.  (EC § 60811.4)

             7)   The Instructional Quality Commission is required to  
               consider developing and recommending to the State Board of  
               Education (SBE) standards in computer science by July 31,  
               2019.  (EC § 60605.4)

            ANALYSIS
          
          This bill authorizes the Superintendent of Public Instruction  
          (SPI) to recommend to the State Board of Education revisions to  
          the world language content standards by January 31, 2019.   
          Specifically, this bill:

          1)   Authorizes the SPI to recommend to the SBE revisions to the  
               world language content standards that were adopted by the  
               SBE in 2009.









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          2)   Requires the SBE, by January 31, 2019, to adopt, reject, or  
               modify any revisions recommended by the SPI.

          3)   Requires the SPI, in consultation with the SBE, to select a  
               group of experts in this subject area for purposes of  
               assisting the SPI in developing recommendations for  
               revisions to the standards.

          4)   Requires the SPI to hold a minimum of two public hearings  
               in order for the public to provide input on the recommended  
               revisions, and requires the SBE to adopt, reject, or modify  
               those recommendations at a subsequent public meeting.

          5)   Requires the SBE, if it modifies any revisions recommended  
               to these content standards, to explain in writing to the  
               Governor and the Legislature the reasons for modifying the  
               recommended revised content standards.

          6)   Requires the Instructional Quality Commission to ensure any  
               revisions to the world languages content standards are  
               incorporated into that curriculum framework and evaluation  
               criteria (for instructional materials), during the next  
               revision of the corresponding curriculum framework.

          7)   Requires the public hearings and meetings to be held  
               pursuant to the Bagley-Keene Open Meeting Act.

          STAFF COMMENTS
          
          1)   Need for the bill.  According to the author, "World  
               language programs continue to expand in California and the  
               current language standards do not adequately reflect recent  
               research developments in learning a second language,  
               especially in the area of immersion education, which is the  
               fastest growing world language program in our state.  The  
               current World Language Content Standards are not aligned  
               with the Common Core State Standards, the English Language  
               Development Standards, and the curriculum framework for  
               world languages.  The existing World Language Content  
               Standards to not place emphasis on literacy development for  
               heritage speakers of world languages and in supporting  
               learners with low literacy skills both in English and  
               another language.  Furthermore, the current standards do  
               not link the study of world languages with Career and  








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               Technical Education and workforce opportunities."

          2)   Author's amendments.  The author wishes to amend this bill  
               to do the following:

               a)        Require a majority of the panel of experts to be  
                    current public school elementary or secondary  
                    classroom teachers who have a valid California  
                    professional teaching credential.  This is consistent  
                    with the panels that were convened for the common core  
                    standards, as well as provisions in AB 2862 (O'Donnell  
                    regarding standards in visual and performing arts).

               b)        Requires the world language standards to be  
                    incorporated into the world languages framework by  
                    July 31, 2020, and makes other technical changes  
                    regarding the framework.

               Staff recommends the amendments be adopted.
               
          3)   Comprehensive approach stalled.  There is no statutory  
               authority for the regular review or updating of standards.   
               Statutory authority has been provided to develop new  
               standards in specific subjects, such as the California  
               common core standards in English language arts and  
               mathematics, and the Next Generation Science standards.   
               The Legislature has made several unsuccessful attempts to  
               require updates to the standards in additional subject  
               areas.  AB 740 (Weber, 2015) requires the Superintendent of  
               Public Instruction to recommend to the State Board of  
               Education (SBE) a schedule for the regular update of  
               academic content standards.  AB 740 stalled in the Senate  
               Appropriations Committee due to a disagreement with the  
               Administration over which entity should update the  
               standards, a panel of subject matter experts for each  
               standard or the Instructional Quality Commission.  AB 740  
               provides a comprehensive and thoughtful approach to the  
               revision of all standards and frameworks, a better approach  
               than one-off measures that address one subject area at a  
               time. 

          4)   How old are the standards?  The most recent adoption of  
               content standards (original or updated version of the  
               standard) in each subject area, and date of adoption by the  








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               State Board of Education (SBE), is as follows:

               a)        Next Generation Science, September 2013.

               b)        Common core standards for Mathematics, adopted  
                    August 2010 and modified January 2013.

               c)        Career Technical Education, January 2013.

               d)        English language development, November 2012.

               e)        Common core standards in English language arts,  
                    August 2010.

               f)        World Language, January 2009.

               g)        Health, March 2008.

               h)        Physical Education, January 2005.

               i)        Visual and Performing Arts, January 2001.

               j)        History-Social Science, October 1998.

               This bill requires the Superintendent of Public Instruction  
               (SPI) to select a group of subject matter experts to assist  
               the SPI in developing recommendations for updates to the  
               standard, which is generally consistent with the process  
               utilized in the past for the initial adoption of standards,  
               as well as the process for the adoption of the California  
               common core standards (convening a panel of subject matter  
               experts).  

          5)   Which standards have priority?  There is no established  
               schedule for the revision to academic content standards and  
               as such, the Legislature has acted in a piecemeal approach  
               to require the development, update or revision to standards  
               (the common core standards in mathematics and English  
               language arts, and the Next Generation Science standards).   
               The Legislature also acted to require the Instructional  
               Quality Commission to consider developing and recommending  
               to the State Board of Education (SBE) standards in computer  
               science by July 31, 2019.









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          Absent a schedule, should there be a priority for the revision  
               of the standards in certain subject areas, such as those  
               that are high school graduation requirements?  As an  
               example, history-social science is the oldest standard,  
               with the last adoption in 1998.  This bill authorizes the  
               revision of standards for world languages by January 31,  
               2019, and AB 2862 (O'Donnell, 2016) authorizes the revision  
               of standards for visual and performing arts by January 1,  
               2019.  Completion of one course in visual or performing  
               arts, foreign language, or career technical education is a  
               high school graduation requirement.  Is it appropriate to  
               authorize the revision to standards in two subject areas,  
               for which high school graduation requirements exist, prior  
               to the existing requirement for consideration of the  
               development of new standards in computer science?

          6)   Fiscal impact.  According to the Assembly Appropriations  
               Committee's analysis, this bill would impose one-time  
               General Fund administrative costs, in the range of $150,000  
               to $250,000, to convene an advisory committee of experts in  
               world languages to assist with the development of the  
               standards.  The California Department of Education  
               indicates costs to review and recommend the content  
               standards to the SBE would be absorbable.

          7)   Related legislation.  AB 2862 (O'Donnell, 2016) authorizes  
               the SPI to recommend to the SBE revisions to the visual and  
               performing arts content 
               standards by January 1, 2019.  AB 2862 is scheduled to be  
               heard by this Committee on June 15.

               AB 740 (Weber, 2015) requires the Superintendent of Public  
               Instruction (SPI), by January 1, 2017, to recommend to the  
               State Board of Education (SBE) a schedule for the regular  
               update of academic content standards.  AB 740 grants the  
               SBE the authority to convene academic content standards  
               advisory committees to update the standards, and requires  
               that the SBE adopt or reject them.  AB 740 is pending in  
               the Senate Appropriations Committee.

               SB 725 (Hancock, 2015) required the SBE to adopt content  
               standards in visual and performing arts by June 30, 2017.   
               SB 725 was pending in the Assembly Appropriations Committee  
               when it was amended to address a different topic.








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               AB 711 (Santiago, 2015) requires the SBE to adopt world  
               languages content standards that are in accordance with the  
               World-Readiness Standards for Learning Languages by June 1,  
               2017.  AB 711 was held in the Assembly Appropriations  
               Committee.

          8)   Prior legislation.  SB 1057 (Corbett, 2014) required the  
               SPI to recommend history-social science content standards  
               to the SBE on or before March 30, 2018, and requires the  
               SBE to adopt, reject, or modify the history-social science  
               content standards by July 30, 2018.  SB 1057 was vetoed by  
               the Governor, whose veto message read:

                    I agree that providing up to date instructional  
                    guidance to educators for use in their classrooms  
                    is important. This is precisely why the State  
                    Board of Education is currently updating the  
                    history-social science framework which is on  
                    track to be adopted next spring.  I am concerned  
                    that this bill may slow progress that is already  
                    underway, and does not include a role for the  
                    Instructional Quality Commission. 
          
               AB 1033 (Feuer, 2011) established a content standards  
               review commission, if the SPI and the SBE jointly found a  
               need to revise or modify the academic content standards. AB  
               1033 was held in the Assembly Appropriations Committee.

               AB 97 (Torlakson, 2010) established the Academic Content  
               Standards Commission for Science and History-Social Science  
               to review and update the standards.  AB 97 was vetoed by  
               the Governor, whose veto message read:

                    Given California's participation in the Common  
                    Core initiative and the anticipated  
                    reauthorization of the federal Elementary and  
                    Secondary Education Act, this bill is premature.  
                    This bill could create an unnecessary,  
                    duplicative process in the development of content  
                    standards and in the integration of those  
                    standards into the state's assessment system.
               
               AB 1454 (Richardson, 2007) required the Superintendent of  








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               Public Instruction (SPI) to convene content standards  
               review panels in English language arts and mathematics and  
               repealed the authority of the State Board of Education  
               (SBE) to modify proposed academic content standards.  AB  
               1454 was held in this Committee.

               AB 1100 (Mullin, 2005) authorized the SPI to appoint a  
               content standards review panel in each subject area two  
               years prior to the curriculum framework adoption for each  
               subject area, and specifying that the panel review and  
               revise the  content standards.  This bill was held in the  
               Assembly Appropriations Committee.

               AB 2744 (Goldberg, 2004) established a process for the  
               updating of academic content standards by requiring the SPI  
               to convene content standards review panels in each subject  
               area and requiring the SBE to adopt or reject the  
               recommendations of each panel.  AB 2744 was vetoed by the  
               Governor; staff is unable to locate the veto message.

               AB 642 (Mullin, 2003) required the SPI to periodically  
               review and update academic content standards for the SBE to  
               adopt or reject.  AB 642 was vetoed by the Governor; staff  
               is unable to locate the veto message.

               SB 1367 (Karnette, 2002) required the SBE to periodically  
               review and update core curriculum content standards.  SB  
               1367 was vetoed by the Governor; staff is unable to locate  
               the veto message.

            SUPPORT
          
          California Language Teachers Association
          Los Angeles Unified School District

            OPPOSITION
           
           None received.

                                      -- END --
          


          








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