BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    Ó



                                                                    AB 2317


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          Date of Hearing:  April 19, 2016


                       ASSEMBLY COMMITTEE ON HIGHER EDUCATION


                                 Jose Medina, Chair


          AB 2317  
          (Mullin) - As Introduced February 18, 2016


          SUBJECT:  California State University:  Doctor of Audiology  
          degrees.


          SUMMARY:  Authorizes the California State University (CSU) to  
          award the Doctor of Audiology (Au.D.) degree.  Specifically,  
          this bill:  


          1)Finds and declares the following intent of the Legislature:


             a)   Since its adoption in 1960, the Master Plan for Higher  
               Education has served to create the largest and most  
               distinguished higher education system in the nation.  A key  
               component of the Master Plan for Higher Education is the  
               differentiation of mission and function, whereby doctoral  
               and identified professional programs are limited to the  
               University of California (UC), with the provision that the  
               CSU can provide doctoral education in joint doctoral  
               programs with the UC and independent California colleges  
               and universities.  The differentiation of function has  
               allowed California to provide universal access to  
               postsecondary education while preserving quality; and,










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             b)   Because of the need to prepare and educate increased  
               numbers of audiologists, the State of California is  
               granting the CSU authority to offer the Au.D. degree as an  
               exception to the differentiation of function in graduate  
               education that assigns sole authority among the California  
               higher education segments to the UC for awarding doctoral  
               degrees independently.  This exception to the Master Plan  
               for Higher Education recognizes the distinctive strengths  
               and respective missions of the CSU and the UC.


          2)Authorizes the CSU to award the Au.D. degree.


          3)Specifies that the Au.D. degree offered by the CSU shall be  
            distinguished from doctoral degree programs at the UC.


          4)Requires the CSU, when granting Au.D. degrees, to comply with  
            all of the following requirements:


             a)   Funding on a per full-time equivalent student (FTES)  
               basis for each new student in the Au.D. programs shall be  
               from within the CSU's enrollment growth levels as agreed to  
               in the annual Budget Act.  Enrollments in these programs  
               shall not alter the CUS's ratio of graduate instruction to  
               total enrollment, and shall not diminish enrollment growth  
               in CSU's undergraduate programs.  Funding provided from the  
               state for each FTES shall be at the agreed-upon marginal  
               cost calculation that the CSU receives;


             b)   The Au.D. degree offered by the CSU shall focus on  
               preparing audiologists to provide health care services and  
               shall be consistent with the standards for accreditation  
               set forth by the Council on Academic Accreditation in  
               Audiology and Speech-Language Pathology;









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             c)   Each student enrolled in an Au.D. degree program shall  
               be charged fees no higher than the rate charged for  
               students in state-supported doctoral degree programs in  
               audiology at the UC, including joint Au.D. programs of the  
               CSU and UC; and,


             d)   The CSU shall provide any startup funding needed for the  
               Au.D. degree programs from within existing budgets for  
               academic support, without diminishing the quality of  
               program support offered to CSU undergraduate programs.   
               Funding of the Au.D. degree programs shall not result in  
               reduced undergraduate enrollments at the CSU. 


          EXISTING LAW:  


          1)Provides that the primary mission of the CSU is undergraduate  
            and graduate instruction through the master's degree, but  
            authorizes the CSU to offer joint doctoral degrees with the  
            UC, or with one or more independent institutions of higher  
            education, only as specified.  Specifies that, in setting  
            forth the missions and functions of California's public and  
            independent institutions of higher education that, among other  
            things, the UC has the sole authority in public higher  
            education to award the doctoral degree in all fields of  
            learning, except that it may agree with the CSU to award joint  
            doctoral degrees in selected fields (Education Code (EC)  
            66010.4).



          2)Authorizes the CSU to independently award the Doctor of  
            Education (Ed.D.) degree focused solely on preparing  
            administrative leaders for California public K-14 schools (EC  
            Section 66040, et seq.).
          3)Authorizes the CSU, until January 1, 2019, to offer the Doctor  








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            of Physical Therapy (D.P.T.) degree; and, specifies that the  
            D.P.T. degree programs at the CSU shall be focused on  
            preparing physical therapists to provide health care services,  
            and shall be consistent with meeting the requirements of the  
            Commission on Accreditation in Physical Therapy Education (EC  
            Section 66042, et seq.).


          4)Authorizes the CSU, until January 1, 2019, to offer the Doctor  
            of Nursing Practice degree programs at up to three campuses  
            chosen by the CSU Trustees; specifies that the CSU shall not  
            enroll any new students in the Doctor of Nursing Practice  
            degree programs on or after July 1, 2018; and, requires the  
            CSU to provide data, as specified, by July 1, 2016, to the  
            Legislative Analyst's Office (LAO), in order for the LAO to  
            prepare a report to the Legislature on or before January 1,  
            2017 (EC Section 89281, et seq.).


          FISCAL EFFECT:  Unknown


          COMMENTS:  Role of audiologists and shortfall.  Audiologists are  
          health care professionals who provide diagnostic and  
          rehabilitation care for individuals of all ages who have hearing  
          and balance disorders.  


          According to the California Academy of Audiology (CAA), the  
          Newborn Screening Program typically identifies 1,200 infants per  
          year with severe hearing disabilities in need of treatment.   
          Additionally, a rapidly growing aging population with identified  
          hearing challenges, requiring the treatment of audiologists  
          exists.  However, there is a significant shortage of licensed  
          audiologists in the state.  According to CAA, approximately  
          1,600 licensed audiologists reside in California; it appears  
          there is an inadequate in-state pipeline.  According to the  
          Speech-Language Pathology and Audiology and Hearing Aid  
          Dispensers Board (SLPAHADB) of California, by 2030, it is  








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          estimated that California will need approximately 750 more  
          audiologists in order to keep up with the need of the state's  
          hearing impaired.  


          Changing standards for audiologists.  For many years, the entry  
          level degree audiologists needed in order to practice, was a  
          Master of Science degree.  However, in 1991, experts and  
          academicians nationally called for a change in the entry level  
          degree in audiology to be that of a clinical doctorate or the  
          Au.D.   The California licensing requirements for audiologists  
          changed in 2008 to mandate that audiology applicants who  
          graduated from an audiology training program after January 1,  
          2008, must hold an Au.D. degree from an approved institution.


          The new national accreditation standards for audiology caused  
          the CSU, with many campuses offering Master of Science degree  
          programs in audiology, to close their programs.


          Au.D. degree programs.  San Diego State University and UC San  
          Diego are the only public universities to offer a joint Au.D.  
          degree program.  According to SLPAHADB, from 2007-08 and 2013-14  
          academic years, the joint program awarded a total of 61  
          audiology degrees.


          The University of the Pacific (UOP), a non-profit private  
          postsecondary institution of higher learning, launched the first  
          private Au.D. degree program in the state, in Fall 2015.  To  
          note, UOP expects to admit approximately 20 - 22 students per  
          year.


          Purpose for this measure.  According to the author, in order to  
          keep pace with the increasing demand and need for audiologists,  
          this measure allows the CSU to award the Au.D. independently  
          from doctoral degree programs offered at the UC.  The author  








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          contends that, "Au.D. programs provided by CSU will likely  
          provide more affordable programs that will draw the much-needed  
          student diversity required of today's hearing health care  
          providers."


          Scope of the CSU.  While it is not the norm for the CSU to be  
          authorized to offer doctoral degrees, as outlined in the  
          "Existing Law" section of this analysis, the Legislature has  
          allowed the CSU to offer professional doctoral degrees that have  
          sought to fulfill a specific needed role for the state, and not  
          typically offered by the UC.  


          REGISTERED SUPPORT / OPPOSITION:




          Support


          California Academy of Audiology


          California Speech-Languages Hearing Association


          Dean's Office, Graduate College of Education, San Francisco  
          State University


          Department of Special Education and Communicative Disorders, San  
          Francisco State University


          Hearing Healthcare Providers










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          Speech-Language Pathology and Audiology and Hearing Aid  
          Dispensers Board (within the   


               State of California Department of Consumer Affairs)


          Pacific Hearing and Balance, Inc.


          23 Individuals




          Opposition


          None on file.




          Analysis Prepared by:Jeanice Warden / HIGHER ED. / (916)  
          319-3960