BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    Ó



          SENATE COMMITTEE ON EDUCATION
                              Senator Carol Liu, Chair
                                2015 - 2016  Regular 

          Bill No:             AB 2656            
           ----------------------------------------------------------------- 
          |Author:    |O'Donnell                                            |
          |-----------+-----------------------------------------------------|
          |Version:   |June 9, 2016                              Hearing    |
          |           |Date:    June 22, 2016                               |
           ----------------------------------------------------------------- 
           ----------------------------------------------------------------- 
          |Urgency:   |No                     |Fiscal:    |Yes              |
           ----------------------------------------------------------------- 
           ----------------------------------------------------------------- 
          |Consultant:|Lynn Lorber                                          |
          |           |                                                     |
           ----------------------------------------------------------------- 
          
          Subject:  Pupils:  diploma alternatives:  fee waiver:  foster  
          youth


            SUMMARY
          
          This bill extends to foster youth the fee waivers for the  
          California High School Proficiency Exam and the high school  
          equivalency exam that are currently provided to students who are  
          homeless.

            BACKGROUND
          
          Fee waivers

          Existing law:

             1)   Prohibits the California Department of Education (CDE)  
               from charging the fee for the high school proficiency exam  
               and the high school equivalency tests to a homeless child  
               or youth under the age of 25 years who can verify his or  
               her status as a homeless child or youth.

             2)   Prohibits a scoring contractor or testing center for the  
               general educational development test from charging the fee  
               to a homeless child or youth who is under age 25 years and  
               can verify his or her status as a homeless child or youth.

             3)   Requires the Superintendent of Public Instruction to  
               submit a report, by December 1, 2018, to the appropriate  







          AB 2656 (O'Donnell)                                     Page 2  
          of ?
          
          
               policy and fiscal committees of the Legislature that  
               includes specified information relative to these fee  
               waivers.

          High school proficiency exam

          Existing law requires:

             1)   The following people to be permitted to have his or her  
               proficiency in basic skills verified according to criteria  
               established by the CDE:

                  a)        Any person who is at least 16 years of age.

                  b)        Any person who has been enrolled in grade 10  
                    for one academic year or longer.

                  c)        Any person who will complete one academic year  
                    of enrollment in grade 10 at the end of the semester  
                    during which the next regular examination will be  
                    conducted.  

             1)   The State Board of Education to award a "certificate of  
               proficiency" to people who achieve a passing score on the  
               proficiency exam.  The certificate of proficiency is  
               equivalent to a high school diploma.  
          (Education Code § 48412)

          The California Department of Education (CDE) has designated the  
          California High School Proficiency Examination (CHSPE) as the  
          test by which students may verify proficiency in basic skills.   
          The Sacramento County Office of Education administers the CHSPE  
          program under contract with the CDE.  

          High school equivalency tests

          Existing law requires the Superintendent of Public Instruction  
          (SPI) to issue a California high school equivalency certificate  
          and an official score report to any person who has not completed  
          high school and who meets all of the following requirements:

             1)   Is a resident of California or is a member of the armed  
               services assigned to duty in California.









          AB 2656 (O'Donnell)                                     Page 3  
          of ?
          
          
             2)   Has taken all or a portion of a general educational  
               development test approved by the State Board of Education  
               (SBE) and administered by a test center approved by the  
               California Department of Education, with a score determined  
               by the SBE to be equal to the standard of performance  
               expected from high school graduates.

             3)   Meets one of the following:

                  a)        Is at least 18 years of age.

                  b)        Would have graduated from high school had he  
                    or she remained in school and followed the usual  
                    course of study toward graduation.

                  c)        Is at least 17 years of age, has accumulated  
                    fewer than 100 units of high school credit, and is  
                    confined to a state or county correctional agency.

                  d)        Is at least 17 years of age, has accumulated  
                    fewer than 100 units of high school credit prior to  
                    enrollment in a dropout recovery high school, and has  
                    successfully completed the program offered by a  
                    dropout recovery high school that provides the student  
                    with all of the following:

                       i)             Instruction aligned to state  
                         academic content standards.

                       ii)            The opportunity to complete the  
                         requirements for a high school diploma.

                       iii)           At least one year of instruction or  
                         instruction followed by services related to the  
                         academic program.  

          Existing law provides that a California high school equivalency  
          certificate is deemed to be a high school diploma for the  
          purpose of meeting the requirements of employment by all state  
          and local public agencies in California.  (EC § 51420 and §  
          51425)

          The State Board of Education has approved the use of three high  
          school equivalency tests:








          AB 2656 (O'Donnell)                                     Page 4  
          of ?
          
          

             1)   The General Educational Development Test (GED).

             2)   The High School Equivalency Test (HiSET).

             3)   The Test Assessing Secondary Completion (TASC).

            ANALYSIS
          
          This bill extends to foster youth the fee waivers for the  
          California High School Proficiency Exam and the high school  
          equivalency exam that are currently provided to students who are  
          homeless.  Specifically, this bill:

          1)   Prohibits the California Department of Education (CDE) from  
               charging the fee for the California High School Proficiency  
               Exam to an examinee who is a foster youth who is under the  
               age of 25 years.

          2)   Prohibits a contractor or testing center from charging a  
               fee to an examinee who is a foster youth who is under the  
               age of 25 years.

          3)   Expands the scope of the currently required report  
               regarding information relative to these fee waivers

          4)   Defines "foster youth" as any individual who is, or has  
               ever been, the subject of a petition before the juvenile  
               court and was removed from his or her home by the court.

          STAFF COMMENTS
          
          1)   Need for the bill.  According to the author, "Foster youth  
               and former foster youth face issues and circumstances that  
               make graduating from high school challenging or even  
               impossible.  Only 50% of foster youth in the United States  
               receive a high school diploma.  Only 10% of foster youth  
               will attend college and of that 10%, only 3% will graduate.  
                The high school proficiency exam and high school  
               equivalency tests are two alternative paths to  
               postsecondary education and the opportunities and benefits  
               that education provides.  However, the fees for these exams  
               create a nearly impossible barrier for foster and former  
               foster youth to overcome."








          AB 2656 (O'Donnell)                                     Page 5  
          of ?
          
          

          2)   Parity.  The fee waivers proposed by this bill are  
               currently provided to individuals who are homeless and who  
               are under the age of 25 years.  This bill extends fee  
               waivers to foster youth.

          3)   Contract and Memorandum of Understanding.  The California  
               Department of Education (CDE) is currently in contract with  
               the Sacramento County Office of Education for the  
               administration of the California High School Proficiency  
               Exam (CHSPE).  This contract will expire on June 30, 2016;  
               the CDE issued a Request for Proposals in 2015 for a  
               contract to begin July 1, 2016.  According to the CDE, it  
               is not possible to amend the new contract at this point;  
               CDE would need to adopt regulations to waive test fees  
               pursuant to this bill.

          The CDE has Memorandums of Understanding (MOUs) with three  
               vendors for the high school equivalency tests:  two were  
               renewed and effective January 1, 2016, and one expires on  
               December 31, 2016.  According to the CDE, it is possible to  
               amend the MOUs, but CDE would first need to adopt  
               regulations to waive test fees pursuant to this bill.  

          4)   Fiscal impact.  The fee to take the California High School  
               Proficiency Exam is $110.  The fee for the high school  
               equivalency tests varies, as determined by each test vendor  
               and test center; this fee is generally $120-$200.  This  
               bill does not eliminate or waive the $20 fee charged by the  
               California Department of Education for the cost of awarding  
               certificates, issuing score reports, and maintaining  
               records, and the cost of providing all follow-up services  
               related to the completion of the test.  This bill is silent  
               with regards to who covers the costs of these exams.   
               Presumably, the State will cover the costs, although it's  
               possible that fees for the exams could be increased and  
               therefore costs would be covered by other test-takers.

          According to the Assembly Appropriations Committee, this bill  
               imposes:

               a)        Unknown special fund costs, likely minor, to  
                    subsidize fees for foster youth and former foster  
                    youth who choose to take any of the high school  








          AB 2656 (O'Donnell)                                     Page 6  
          of ?
          
          
                    equivalency tests or the CHSPE.  It is difficult to  
                    predict the number of foster youth that will take  
                    these tests.  There are approximately 60,000 foster  
                    youth in California.  The author estimates there are  
                    approximately 4,000 foster youth between the ages of  
                    15-24 that do not receive a high school diploma.   
                    Approximately 0.15% of eligible homeless students took  
                    these tests last year.  Assuming a similar percentage  
                    of foster youth take these tests, the state would  
                    incur costs of approximately $980 for the equivalency  
                    exams and $770 for the CHSPE.

               b)        Special fund costs to the California Department  
                    of Education of approximately $260,000 to provide  
                    assistance and support to the foster youth community,  
                    verify foster youth eligibility, adjust testing  
                    contracts and report participation rates. 

            SUPPORT
          
          Aspiranet
          Association of California School Administrators
          California Coalition for Youth
          California Teachers Association
          National Center for Youth Law
          School Employers Association of California

            OPPOSITION
           
           None received.

                                      -- END --