BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    Ó



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       Date of Hearing:  June 21, 2016


          ASSEMBLY COMMITTEE ON JOBS, ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT, AND THE ECONOMY


                                Eduardo Garcia, Chair


       SJR  
       22 (Hueso) - As Introduced March 16, 2016


       SENATE VOTE:  37-0


       SUBJECT:  Calexico West Land Port of Entry project:  funding


       SUMMARY:  Memorializes the California Legislature's support for the  
       final federal funding to complete the Calexico West Land Port of Entry  
       expansion and reconfiguration project.  Specifically, this bill:   


       1)Makes declarations as to the value of the enhanced port of entry, as  
         follows:

          a)   Traffic congestion and delays at the borders of the Counties  
            of San Diego and Imperial cost the economies of the United States  
            and Mexico an estimated $8.63 billion in gross output and more  
            than 73,900 jobs in 2007.  

          b)   Completion of the reconfiguration and expansion of Calexico  
            West Land Port is anticipated to improve domestic supply chains,  
            strengthen national security, reduce the Port's carbon footprint,  
            and facilitate economic growth, not only for the County of  
            Imperial and California, but for the entire nation;  

          c)   The completion of this project guarantees the economic  








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            activity of the border will not be lost. On an average day, more  
            than 11,000 privately operated vehicles and nearly 13,000  
            pedestrians enter the United States through the Calexico Land  
            Port of Entry; and



          d)   The collaboration between federal, state, and local agencies  
            is essential for the development of border infrastructure  
            projects and security.  The U.S. General Accountability Office  
            and the U.S. Department of Homeland Security estimate that $6  
            billion in border infrastructure is needed to fulfill their  
            mission of preventing unlawful entry and smuggling while  
            facilitating legitimate trade and tourism.



       2)Makes declarations as to the funding of the port of entry project,  
         as follows:

          a)   The Obama Administration's 2015 budget included a $98,062,000  
            investment in Calexico West Land Port of Entry Phase 1. This  
            first phase of the expansion project is currently underway and is  
            expected to be completed in 2018; 

          b)   The Obama Administration included $248 million in funding for  
            Phase 2 of the Calexico West Land Port of Entry reconfiguration  
            and expansion project in the Financial Services and General  
            Government Appropriations bill is proposed by the President's  
            Fiscal Year 2017 Budget; and

          c)   Phase 2 will consist of the balance of the expansion of the  
            Calexico West Land Port, including additional site work, an  
            expanded pedestrian processing facility, administrative offices,  
            and six additional northbound privately owned vehicle inspection  
            lanes.

       3)Makes declarations as to the importance of Mexico as a trade  
         partner, as follows:








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          a)   The U.S.' goods and private services trade with Mexico totaled  
            an estimated $536 billion in 2012, with exports totaling $243  
            billion and imports totaling $293 billion; and



          b)   Mexico is currently California's third largest goods trading  
            partner with almost $507 billion in total goods traded during  
            2013, with goods exports that totaled $226 billion and goods  
            imports that totaled $280 billion;  

          c)   Ninety-nine percent of trade between California and Mexico is  
            carried by trucks; and the Calexico East Port of Entry provides  
            nearly all of the international truck traffic crossings through  
            Imperial County, with a total trade value of over $12 billion in  
            2012; and

          d)   The San Diego Association of Governments 2050 Comprehensive  
            Freight Gateway Study projects that the nearly two million trucks  
            that crossed the California-Mexico border in 2007 will increase  
            to nearly five million trucks in 2050.

       4)Resolves that the California Senate and Assembly urge the U.S.  
         Congress to appropriate $248 million in funding to complete Phase 2  
         of the Calexico West Land Port of Entry reconfiguration.  

       5)Resolves that the Secretary of the Senate transmit copies of this  
         resolution to the U.S. President and Vice President and to the  
         leadership of the U.S. Senate and House of Representatives.



       FISCAL EFFECT:  None


       POLICY ISSUE FRAME










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       Mexico is California's largest trade partner with 99% of the movement  
       of goods being carried by trucks through California's six land-based  
       ports of entry.  The Calexico ports of entry serve 15,000 to 20,000  
       northbound vehicles and 20,000 northbound pedestrians a day.  These  
       Imperial County-based ports of entry play an important role in  
       connecting the Mexicali industrial base and other regions of Mexico to  
       the mega-markets throughout the U.S.  National, state, and regional  
       evaluations have concluded that the current Calexico West Ports of  
       Entry facilities are inadequate to meet growing traffic demand and are  
       obsolete in terms of inspector safety and border security.  



       President Barak Obama has included $248 million in the proposed 2017  
       federal budget to complete the final phase of the expanded and  
       reconfigured Calexico West Land Port of Entry.  This resolution  
       expresses the Legislature's support for these moneys.  The analysis  
       includes information on the importance of trade to the California  
       economy, the need for infrastructure investments to keep pace with  
       global competitiveness, and details on the Calexico project.   
       Amendments are discussed in Comment #6.


       COMMENTS:  


       1)Author Purpose:  According to the author, "It is estimated that by  
         2050, border crossings in San Diego County will exceed 4.4 million  
         truckloads per year and 39 million tons of goods, valued at $309  
         billion.  On an average day, more than 11,000 privately operated  
         vehicles (POV) and nearly 13,000 pedestrians enter the United States  
         through the Calexico Land Port of Entry.  California exports to  
         Mexico amounted to $26.8 billion in 2015, a 5.5 percent increase  
         from 2014.  Moreover, 99 percent of trade between California and  
         Mexico is carried by trucks.  

         SJR 22 would respectfully urge Congress to appropriate $248 million  
         in funding as proposed by the President's Fiscal Year 2017 Budget to  
         complete Phase 2 of the Calexico West Land Port of Entry  








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         Reconfiguration and Expansion project, due to the benefits the  
         improvements of this project will have on the nation's economy."

       2)Ports of Entry between Mexico and California: There are six land  
         crossings along the California and Mexico border. The chart below  
         shows the general location of each of the ports.  Starting from the  
         Pacific Ocean, trade through the San Diego County-Tijuana/Tecate  
         region flows through the San Ysidro-Puerta México, the Otay  
         Mesa-Mesa de Otay, and the Tecate-Tecate Land Ports of Entry.  San  
         Ysidro is the largest port of entry in the western hemisphere,  
         currently processing an average of 50,000 northbound vehicles and  
         25,000 southbound vehicles per day. The San Diego Association of  
         Governments estimates an 87% increase in vehicle traffic by 2030.

         The Imperial County-Mexicali region includes the state's most  
         eastern ports of entry points and abuts Arizona.  These crossings  
         include Calexico West-Mexicali, Calexico East-Mexicali II, and  
         Andrade-Los Algodones Land Ports of Entry. 



         The Calexico East and West Land Ports of Entry serve 15,000 to  
         20,000 northbound vehicles and 20,000 northbound pedestrians a day.   
         Calexico West was built in 1974 when California trade with Mexico  
         was still in its infancy.  As Mexico became an increasingly  
         important trade partner congestion at the ports of entry increased  
         and upgraded facilities were required.  Calexico East was built in  
         1994 to ease the traffic impacts on Calexico West and was designed  
         to primarily serve commercial operations.  According to national,  
         state, and regional evaluations, the Calexico West Land Port of  
         Entry facilities are again inadequate to meet traffic demand and  
         obsolete in terms of inspector safety and border security.  



         The General Services Administration (GSA) is in the final phase of a  
         $370 million project to expand and realign the Calexico West Land  
         Port of Entry.  The U.S. Congress previously appropriated $24  
         million for site acquisition and project design and $98 million for  








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         Phase 1 construction.  An additional $248 million is needed to fund  
         phase 2.  This money, as noted above, has been included within the  
         President's proposed budget for federal Fiscal Year 2017.

         Upon completion of the project, the Calexico West Land Port of Entry  
         will have:

              10 southbound lanes for privately owned vehicles, including 5  
            with canopies and booths;
              Southbound bridge over the New River;
              16 northbound inspection lanes, including 10 with primary and  
            secondary inspection canopies, booths, and inspection equipment;
              A new head house and administrative offices; and 
              A new pedestrian processing facility. 
          
         While initially designed in 2007 to meet LEED Silver standards,  
         GSA's current goal is to achieve a LEED Gold rating.  Energy and  
         sustainability features in the project include, a solar photovoltaic  
         system, solar thermal hot water system, earth bermed administration  
         building, ultra-low flow fixtures, and drought tolerant landscaping.  
          Once complete, the GSA states that the Calexico West Land Port of  
         Entry will have adequate operational space, reduced traffic  
         congestion, and a safe environment for port employees and visitors.
          
       1)California and Mexico Trade:  California's $2.4 trillion economy is  
         highly dependent on international trade and foreign investment.  In  
         2015, California exported $165 billion in goods to over 220 foreign  
         markets.  Mexico, once again, was the state's top trade partner,  
         accepting $26.8 billion (16.2%) in goods.

         Computers and electronic products have been California's highest  
         single export to Mexico since 2000.  The top five exports to Mexico  
         in 2015 were: Computer and Electronic Products (25.1% - $6.7  
         billion); Transportation Equipment ($2.9 billion - 10.9%);  
         Machinery, except Electrical ($2.0 billion - 7.7%); Chemicals ($1.7  
         billion - 6.4%); and Electrical Equipment, Appliances and Components  
         ($1.6 billion - 6.1%).

         Over 90% of trade between California and Mexico occurs by truck,  








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         making California's land-based ports of entry very important to the  
         state economy and play a significant role within global supply  
         chains.  The Calexico East Land Port of Entry serves as the primary  
         international crossings in Imperial County for trucks with a total  
         trade value of over $12 billion in 2012.


         One report from the Wilson Center on Mexico, states that, on  
         average, products exported from Mexico include more than 40% U.S.  
         components.  Research by the California State Library Research  
         Bureau, found that in the late 1990s, a new trade pattern between  
         California and Mexico developed where it was not uncommon that  
         components and partially assembled products passed between the U.S.  
         and Mexico multiple times before becoming a final product.  Today,  
         four of the five top California exports to Mexico include  
         components, as well as finished products.


       2)Infrastructure: A Major Challenge to California's Competitiveness:  
         World class infrastructure plays a key role in business attraction,  
         as multinational companies consistently rank the quality of  
         infrastructure among their top four criteria in making investment  
         decisions. Research shows that as U.S. infrastructure has been in  
         decline, infrastructure in other countries is rapidly increasing.  
         The 2015-16 Global Competitiveness Report by the World Economic  
         Forum places U.S. infrastructure 11th in the world, a drop from its  
         rank of 7th in 2000.

         California's infrastructure is in a similar state, according to the  
         American Society of Civil Engineers California Infrastructure Report  
         Card 2012, with an estimated $65 billion a year investment gap.  The  
         impact of this underinvestment is compounded by the substantial new  
         investments made in other states and nations, including the  
         expansion of the Panama Canal.    

       3)Border Delays and Goods Movement Infrastructure: Goods movement  
         supports employment, business profit, and state and local tax  
         revenue. California businesses rely heavily on the state's ports and  
         their related transportation systems to move manufactured goods.   








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         Firms rely on fast, flexible, and reliable shipping to link national  
         and global supply chains and bring products to the retail market.  
         Transportation breakdowns and congestion can idle entire global  
         production networks.  As a result, the capacity and efficiency of  
         land ports, seaports, and airports have become critical factors in  
         global trade.

         Changes in U.S. and global trade patterns since the enactment of  
         NAFTA and the continuing development of foreign markets in Mexico  
         and Latin America are placing increased challenges on California's  
         southern land-based ports of entry.  For California's border region,  
         the increased tourism, as well as the expanded supply chains for  
         manufacturing and product distribution have resulted in significant  
         delays at border crossings, decreased regional air quality, and  
         border crossings that are difficult to secure.
       


          -------------------------------------------------------------------- 
         |            Border Wait Times - June 13, 2016 at 5 p.m.             |
         |--------------------------------------------------------------------|
         |Calexico - East                                                     |
          -------------------------------------------------------------------- 
         |----------------------+----------------------+----------------------|
         |Commercial Vehicles   |Standard Lanes        |No delay - 2 lanes    |
         |Maximum Lanes: 3      |                      |open                  |
         |----------------------+----------------------+----------------------|
         |                      |Fast Lanes            |No delay - 1 lane     |
         |                      |                      |open                  |
         |----------------------+----------------------+----------------------|
         |Passenger Vehicles    |Standard Lanes        |60 minute wait, 2     |
         |Maximum Lanes: 8      |                      |lanes open            |
         |----------------------+----------------------+----------------------|
         |                      |Readylane             |45 minute wait, 4     |
         |                      |                      |lanes open            |
         |----------------------+----------------------+----------------------|
         |                      |Sentri Lanes          |No delay, 1 lanes     |
         |                      |                      |open                  |
          -------------------------------------------------------------------- 








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         |Pedestrian            |Standard Lanes        |No delay, 2 lanes     |
         |Maximum Lanes: 4      |                      |open                  |
         |----------------------+----------------------+----------------------|
         |                      |Readylane             |N/A                   |
          -------------------------------------------------------------------- 
          -------------------------------------------------------------------- 
         |Calexico - West                                                     |
          -------------------------------------------------------------------- 
          -------------------------------------------------------------------- 
         |Commercial Vehicles   |Standard Lanes        |N/A                   |
         |Maximum Lanes: N/A    |                      |                      |
          -------------------------------------------------------------------- 
         |                      |Fast Lanes            |N/A                   |
          -------------------------------------------------------------------- 
         |Passenger Vehicles    |Standard Lanes        |50 minute, 7 lanes    |
         |Maximum Lanes: 10     |                      |open                  |
          -------------------------------------------------------------------- 
         |                      |Readylane             |N/A                   |
          -------------------------------------------------------------------- 
         |                      |Sentri Lanes          |10 minute wait, 2     |
         |                      |                      |lanes open            |
          -------------------------------------------------------------------- 
         |Pedestrian            |Standard Lanes        |No delay, 3 lane(s)   |
         |Maximum Lanes: 6      |                      |open                  |
         |----------------------+----------------------+----------------------|
         |                      |Readylane             |No delay, 3 lane(s)   |
         |                      |                      |open                  |
          -------------------------------------------------------------------- 
          -------------------------------------------------------------------- 
         |Source:  U.S. Customs and Border Protections; accessed              |
         |6/13/2016                                                           |
          -------------------------------------------------------------------- 



         U.S. firms with significant business passing through the three  
         Imperial Valley ports of entry report that their logistics-supply  
         chain is highly time sensitive and long wait times delay access to  
         intermediary goods and ultimately lead to problems in the  








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         manufacturing chain.  Long wait times (as high as three to four  
         hours) between Imperial County and the Mexico border accounted for  
         an estimated output loss of $1.4 billion and 11,600 lost jobs  
         nationally in 2007.  More recent studies (2011) on the Imperial  
         ports of entry show that losses to California, alone, were $620  
         million.  

       4)Suggested Technical Amendments:  Committee staff have researched and  
         identified more current data relative to the important role Mexico  
         plays within the California and U.S. economy.  The author is  
         amenable to amendments that update the resolution.

       5)Related Legislation:  Below is a list of the related bills.

          a)   AJR 4 (Hueso and Pérez) Berryessa Snow Mountain National  
            Monument:  requests that the federal government, including the  
            Department of Homeland Security and the GSA, fund necessary  
            improvements at the San Ysidro, Calexico, and Otay Mesa Ports of  
            Entry.  Status:  Adopted, Resolution Chapter 24, Statutes of  
            2013.

          b)   AB 1545 (V. Manuel Perez) Bi-National Infrastructure and  
            Economic Development Bank: This bill would have expanded the role  
            of the California Infrastructure and Economic Development Bank  
            (I-Bank) to include facilitating infrastructure and economic  
            development financing activities within the California and Mexico  
            border region. Status: Held in the Senate Committee on  
            Appropriations, 2012.

          c)   SJR 16 (Vargas) Calexico West Port of Entry: This resolution  
            declares the Legislature's support for a public-private  
            partnership to renovate and expand the Calexico West Port of  
            Entry and urges Congress to enact guiding legislation to  
            authorize private-public partnerships, such as the one proposed  
            for the expansion of the Calexico West Port of Entry. Status:  
            Approved, Resolution Chapter 124, Statutes of 2012.











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       REGISTERED SUPPORT / OPPOSITION:


       Support                             


       California Chamber of Commerce      


       Calexico Chamber of Commerce


       City of El Centro


       City of Holtville


       County of Imperial


       The Dahm Team Real Estate Company


       El Centro Chamber of Commerce


       Imperial County Transportation Commission


       Imperial Mexicali Binational Alliance


       Imperial Valley College


       Imperial Valley Economic Development Corporation










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       Imperial Valley Joint Chambers of Commerce


       San Diego Regional Chamber of Commerce





       Opposition


       None received








       Analysis Prepared by:  Toni Symonds / J., E.D., & E. / (916) 319-2090