BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    Ó






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                                   THIRD READING 


          Bill No:  SB 110
          Author:   Fuller (R), et al.
          Amended:  4/23/15  
          Vote:     21  

           SENATE PUBLIC SAFETY COMMITTEE:  6-0, 4/14/15
           AYES:  Hancock, Anderson, Leno, McGuire, Monning, Stone
           NO VOTE RECORDED:  Liu

          SENATE APPROPRIATIONS COMMITTEE:  Senate Rule 28.8

           SUBJECT:   Threats:  schools


          SOURCE:    Bakersfield Police Department
          
          DIGEST:   This bill enacts a new crime for a threat of unlawful  
          violence, made by any means, upon the grounds of a school to be  
          punishable as a misdemeanor. 

          ANALYSIS:   


          Existing law:

          1) Provides that willfully threatening to commit a crime that  
            results in death or great bodily injury shall be punishable by  
            imprisonment in the county jail not to exceed one year, or by  
            imprisonment in the state prison. (Penal Code § 422)

          2) Provides that every student or employee who, after a hearing,  
            has been suspended or dismissed from a school and who  
            willfully and knowingly enters upon the campus or facility to  








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            which he or she has been denied access is guilty of a  
            misdemeanor. (Penal Code § 626.2)  

          This bill:

          1)Enacts a new crime to provide that anyone who threatens  
            unlawful violence by any means, and that threat would  
            reasonably be understood as true and the person making the  
            threat knows or should know that the threat would be  
            understood as true, including through an electronic act, to  
            occur upon school grounds creating a disruption at the school,  
            shall be punished by imprisonment in a county jail for a term  
            of no more than one year, a fine of $1,000, or both  
            imprisonment and a fine.


          2)Defines "disruption" to mean an act likely to interfere with  
            peaceful activities of the campus or facility.

          3)Does not preclude or prohibit prosecution under any other law.

          4)Provides that a person, or someone adjudged a ward of the  
            juvenile court, convicted for violating this provision is  
            liable to the public agency that responded to the threat for  
            any reasonable costs incurred in that emergency response. 

          Background

          Recent media reports have described numerous incidents involving  
          school threats.  For example, in San Diego: 

               ?there were 5 percent more suspensions and expulsions  
               in San Diego County related to making terrorist  
               threats in the 2013-14 school year than in the  
               previous school year, and 35 percent more than in the  
               2011-12 school year.  Threats typically surface on  
               social media or are made via phone or email.  Once  
               school officials learn of it, police are called in to  
               investigate, and a school might get locked down, with  
               everyone on campus kept behind locked doors until the  
               coast is clear.  That could take hours.

               Students from high school campuses in Oceanside, San  
               Diego, El Cajon and San Marcos, have been arrested on  







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               suspicion of using the app to threaten schools. 

               The CEO, Jonathan Lucas, said recent changes to the  
               app make it "very clear" that threats of violence and  
               bullying won't be tolerated.  He said users are asked  
               to carefully consider the contents of their posts and  
               are even shown their IP addresses.  He said the  
               company has been cooperating with all law enforcement 

               investigations and has a quick process in place to  
               help investigators locate users who commit crimes.   
               (Winkley, Lyndsay, and Pat Maio. "Online Schools  
               Threats Up; Officials Crack down." U-T San Diego.  
               N.p., 22 Mar. 2015. Web. 07 Apr. 2015.)

          Similarly, in Los Angeles, an 11th grade student was arrested  
          for making threats through the social media app, Burnbook,  
          against a Los Angeles County high school.  Investigators were  
          informed that the student had published the threat online and  
          was taken into custody the following day.  He was charged with  
          making criminal threats after he confessed to threatening to  
          bring a weapon to school.  The student told deputies that he was  
          making jokes.  ("Student Arrested after Social Media Threats  
          against School." Student Arrested following Threats on Social  
          Media against Los Angeles County School. The Associated Press,  
          12 Mar. 2015. Web. 07 Apr. 2015.)  
           
          FISCAL EFFECT:   Appropriation:    No          Fiscal  
          Com.:YesLocal:   Yes


          SUPPORT:   (Verified5/11/15)


          Bakersfield Police Department (source)
          California State Sheriffs' Association
          City of Bakersfield Office of the Chief of Police
          Kern County District Attorney's Office
          Kern County Superintendent of Schools


          OPPOSITION:   (Verified  5/11/15)









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          American Civil Liberties Union
          Legal Services for Prisoners with Children
          National Center for Youth Law
          Youth Law Center


          ARGUMENTS IN SUPPORT:      The author writes:

               The threat of violence in California schools and colleges  
               through social media or other electronic communication is a  
               problem.  These threats not only instill fear and force the  
               cancellation of classes and building closures, but they can  
               cost school districts considerable funds.  This includes  
               the cost to investigate and prosecute perpetrators, to hire  
               additional safety personnel to observe student activities  
               and websites, and to purchase surveillance equipment to  
               monitor non-classroom areas.  The impact expands beyond the  
               incidence, and hinders the learning environment. 

               Roughly 30% of violent threats made against schools  
               were delivered through social media, email, text  
               messaging and other electronic means from August 2013  
               to January 2014.  It is believed this percentage has  
               increased and will continue to rise.  These electronic  
               threats include school bomb threats, shooting threats,  
               hoaxes, and acts of violence.


          ARGUMENTS IN OPPOSITION:      Opponents argue generally that  
          minors should be disciplined through community-based services as  
          an alternative to incarceration. Youth exposure to the criminal  
          justice system heightens the likelihood that youth offenders  
          will recidivate in adulthood. Additionally Penal Code Sections  
          422 and 635m address threat crimes which include those made  
          through electronic means. 


          Prepared by:Linda Tenerowicz / PUB. S. / 
          5/13/15 16:45:37


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