BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    Ó



          SENATE COMMITTEE ON HEALTH
                          Senator Ed Hernandez, O.D., Chair

          BILL NO:                    SCR 117             
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          |AUTHOR:        |Pan                                            |
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          |VERSION:       |March 7, 2016                                  |
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          |HEARING DATE:  |April 13, 2016 |               |               |
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          |CONSULTANT:    |Teri Boughton                                  |
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           SUBJECT  :  Palliative care

           SUMMARY  : Encourages the state to study the status and importance of  
          coordinated palliative care and to develop solutions, tools, and  
          best practices for providing better patient-centered care and  
          information to individuals with chronic disease in California.
          
          Existing law:
          1)Establishes the Department of Public Health (DPH) to protect  
            and improve the health of communities through education,  
            promotion of healthy lifestyles, and, research for disease and  
            injury prevention; and provides DPH with the authority to  
            perform activities that protect, preserve, and advance public  
            health, including studies and dissemination of information.

          2)Establishes the Medi-Cal program, administered by the  
            Department of Health Care Services (DHCS), which provides  
            health care to children, seniors, persons with disabilities,  
            people also eligible for Medicare, and low-income individuals  
            and families.

          3)Establishes a pediatric palliative care pilot project to  
            evaluate whether and to what extent Medi-Cal beneficiaries  
            under age 21 should be offered a pediatric palliative care  
            benefit.  

          4)Defines  "palliative care" as a medical treatment,  
            interdisciplinary care, or consultation provided to a patient  
            or family members, or both, that has as its primary purpose  
            the prevention of, or relief from, suffering and the  
            enhancement of the quality of life, rather than treatment  
            aimed at investigation and intervention for the purpose of  
            cure or prolongation of life as described.  In some cases,  







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            disease-targeted treatment may be used in palliative care.

          5)Defines "hospice care" as a specialized form of  
            interdisciplinary health care that is designed to provide  
            palliative care, alleviate the physical, emotional, social,  
            and spiritual discomforts of an individual who is experiencing  
            the last phases of life due to the existence of a terminal  
            disease, and provide supportive care to the primary caregiver  
            and the family of the hospice patient, and that meets  
            specified criteria.

          6)Requires DHCS, in consultation with interested stakeholders,  
            to establish standards and provide technical assistance for  
            Medi-Cal managed care plans to ensure delivery of palliative  
            care services.
          
          This resolution states:
          1)All patients who are experiencing complex, chronic health  
            issues that affect their quality of life should be offered  
            palliative care.

          2)When palliative care programs are provided, a larger  
            percentage of hospice patients are identified earlier in their  
            eligibility window, which enables them to take advantage of  
            these valuable services for a longer period of time.

          3)The California Health and Human Services Agency's Let's Get  
            Healthy California Task Force identified palliative care as  
            one of its top priorities and indicators for all Californians  
            to enjoy optimal health in its 2012 report.

          4)The formation of a state palliative care and quality of life  
            interdisciplinary advisory council and palliative care  
            information and education program within DPH would maximize  
            the effectiveness of palliative care initiatives in the state.

          5)The Legislature encourages the state to study the status and  
            importance of coordinated palliative care as a patient quality  
            of life issue, as a way to improve the quality and delivery of  
            health care services, and as a way to more effectively spend  
            limited health care dollars.

          6)The Legislature encourages the state to develop solutions,  
            tools, and best practices for providing better  
            patient-centered care and information to individuals with  








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            chronic diseases in California.

           FISCAL  
          EFFECT  :  This resolution has not been analyzed by a fiscal  
          committee.

           COMMENTS  :
          1)Author's statement.  According to the author, palliative care  
            provides us an opportunity to defragment our health care  
            system and improve the lives of those who suffer from serious  
            illness, such as cancer, and the lives of those who care for  
            them.  It is important that we study the status and importance  
            of coordinated palliative care to develop solutions and best  
            practices for providing better patient-centered care and  
            information to individuals with chronic disease.

          2)Medi-Cal and palliative care.  According to DHCS' web site,  
            under SB 1004 (Hernandez, Chapter 574, Statutes of 2014) DHCS  
            must establish standards and provide technical assistance for  
            Medi-Cal managed care plans to ensure delivery of palliative  
            care services.  This effort is consistent with the DHCS'  
            Strategic Plan, Quality Strategy, the principles of the Triple  
            Aim, and with DHCS's ongoing efforts to develop and promote  
            best practices to improve the care experience. SB 1004 will be  
            implemented in consultation with a wide range of stakeholders  
            and partners, and will promote person-centered and  
            choice-focused policies. Specifically, DHCS will work with  
            consumers and consumer representatives, recognized experts,  
            providers, and health plans, to increase the availability of  
            palliative care services for Medi-Cal consumers.  
            Implementation of SB 1004 will be informed by related efforts  
            under the Coordinated Care Initiative, the Delivery System  
            Reform Incentive Payments program, and the Section 2703 Health  
            Home Initiative. In addition, DHCS established a Pediatric  
            Palliative Care Waiver Program that was approved in April of  
            2009. DHCS will consult with stakeholders to develop the  
            palliative care definition to be used for SB 1004 guidance.   
            DHCS held four meetings in 2015 and released a draft policy  
            paper and performance measures.  In the draft paper, DHCS  
            indicates that its policy for implementing SB 1004 will be  
            guided by the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS)  
            definition of palliative care, which is: "patient and  
            family-centered care that optimizes quality of life by  
            anticipating, preventing, and treating suffering. Palliative  
            care throughout the continuum of illness involves addressing  








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            physical, intellectual, emotional, social, and spiritual needs  
            and to facilitate patient autonomy, access to information, and  
            choice." However, DHCS more specific definitions of eligible  
            conditions, services, and providers. DHCS indicates the  
            purpose of defining Medi-Cal palliative care more narrowly,  
            for a specific set of conditions, is to meet the requirements  
            of SB 1004 and the department's quality strategy, and to  
            recognize that long-term success in implementing palliative  
            care in Medi-Cal is more likely through an incremental  
            approach. At the same time, some Medi-Cal managed care health  
            plans and providers are already incorporating broader  
            palliative care principles and strategies such as advance care  
            planning into their models of care.

          3)U.S. End of Life Care.  A 2014 publication of the Institute of  
            Medicine (IOM), Dying in America: Improving quality and  
            Honoring individual preferences near the end of life. the IOM  
            Committee on Approaching Death: Addressing Key End-of-Life  
            Issues (committee) identified persistent major gaps in care  
            near the end of life that require urgent attention.  
            Understanding and perceptions of death and dying vary  
            considerably across the population and are influenced by  
            culture, socioeconomic status, and education, as well as by  
            misinformation and fear. Engaging people in defining their own  
            values, goals, and preferences concerning care at the end of  
            life and ensuring that their care team understands their  
            wishes has proven remarkably elusive and challenging.  While  
            the clinical fields of hospice and palliative care have become  
            more established, the number of specialists in these fields is  
            too small, and too few clinicians in primary and specialty  
            fields that entail caring for individuals with advanced  
            serious illnesses are proficient in basic palliative care.  
            Often, clinicians are reluctant to have honest and direct  
            conversations with patients and families about end of life  
            issues. Patients and families face additional difficulties  
            presented by the health care system itself, which does not  
            provide adequate financial or organizational support for the  
            kinds of health care and social services that might truly make  
            a difference to them.  The committee believes a  
            patient-centered, family-oriented approach to care near the  
            end of life should be a high national priority and that  
            compassionate, affordable, and effective care for these  
            patients is an achievable goal.

          4)Dying in California.  According to a December 2015 report  








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            titled Dying in California.  A Status Report on  
            End-of-Life-Care, overall California has made significant  
            strides in creating a supportive framework for end-of-life  
            care but significant challenges remain. Growing demand far  
            outpaces the capacity of services.  Palliative care  
            specialists are in short supply, and certification programs  
            are limited.  Reliable funding streams do not yet exist.   
            While knowledge is growing about best practices and quality  
            standards, they have not yet been broadly implemented.  People  
            with serious advanced illness and their families could benefit  
            from all clinicians having a basic level of competence in  
            addressing palliative care needs.  Some patients may also  
            require the involvement of interdisciplinary teams of  
            professionals trained in palliative care.  However, specialty  
            palliative care is currently unavailable in many geographic  
            areas and in many care settings.

          5)Related legislation. SB 1002 (Monning) would require DPH to  
            establish and maintain a toll-free telephone number for the  
            purpose of receiving and responding to inquiries regarding the  
            End of Life Option Act. SB 1002 is pending in the Senate  
            Appropriations Committee.

            ABX2 15 (Eggman, Chapter 1, Statutes of 2015), Second  
            Extraordinary Session, established the End of Life Option Act,  
            which will take effect on June 9, 2016.

            SB 128 (Wolk and Monning) is similar to ABX2 15.  SB 128 is  
            pending in the Assembly Health Committee.


          6)Prior legislation. SB 1004 (Hernandez, Chapter 574, Statutes  
            of 2014), requires DHCS to establish standards and provide  
            technical assistance for Medi-Cal managed care plans to ensure  
            delivery of palliative care services.

          AB 1745 (Chan, Chapter 330, Statutes of 2006), requires the  
            Department of Health Services (now DHCS) to develop, as a  
            pilot project, a pediatric palliative care benefit covered  
            under Medi-Cal.  Requires DHCS to submit a waiver to the  
            federal Center for Medicaid and Medicare Services to implement  
            the pilot project.

          7)Support.  The California Catholic Conference writes that  
            access to palliative and hospice care in our state is both  








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            limited and costly.  Significant changes in current law are  
            needed in order to address the needs of patients with chronic  
            disease and/or nearing the end of life and raise their  
            standard of care.  A comprehensive approach is needed and  
            should include, for example, expanding instruction in  
            palliative care at medical schools and other institutions  
            providing health care instruction, and ensuring increased  
            access to palliative care for patients, and providing safe and  
            appropriate levels of staffing and salary scales in care  
            facilities serving elderly persons and persons with  
            life-threatening chronic illnesses.  The Alliance of Catholic  
            Health Care writes Catholic hospitals are leaders in the  
            provision of palliative care.  Over 95% of our Catholic and  
            affiliated community hospitals operate palliative care  
            programs, compared to a little more than 50% of California  
            hospitals as a whole.  Palliative care improves the quality of  
            life for patients and their families facing chronic and  
            life-threatening illness by preventing and relieving  
            suffering. 
          
           SUPPORT AND OPPOSITION  :
          Support:  American Cancer Society Cancer Action Network  
                    (sponsor)
                    California Catholic Conference
                    Alliance of Catholic Health Care
                    Providence Health & Services 
          
          Oppose:   None on file

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