BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    Ó



          SENATE COMMITTEE ON EDUCATION
                              Senator Carol Liu, Chair
                                2015 - 2016  Regular 

          Bill No:             SB 403               
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          |Author:    |Liu                                                  |
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          |Version:   |April 23, 2015                             Hearing   |
          |           |Date:     April 29, 2015                             |
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          |Urgency:   |No                     |Fiscal:     |Yes             |
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          |Consultant:|Olgalilia Ramirez                                    |
          |           |                                                     |
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          Subject:  California Community Schools Act

            SUMMARY
          
          This bill authorizes a local educational agency (LEA) or schools  
          to coordinate academic, social and health services for students,  
          families and community members in collaboration with community  
          partners to establish a California Community schools (CCS) and  
          requires the Superintendent of Public Instruction (SPI) to make  
          grants available to qualified recipients to enhance and expand  
          CCS, to the extent funds are allocated for this purpose. 

            BACKGROUND
          
          The federal Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965  
          authorized the Fund for the Improvement of Education (FIE), to  
          support programs that improve the quality of elementary and  
          secondary education at the State and local levels and help all  
          children meet challenging academic content and academic  
          achievement standards. Additionally, the FIE provides funds to  
          the Full-Service Community Schools (FSCS) program to encourage  
          coordination of academic, social, and health services through  
          partnerships among; 1) public elementary and secondary schools;  
          2) the schools' local educational agencies; and 3)  
          community-based organizations, nonprofit organizations, and  
          other public or private entities.  (Elementary and Secondary  
          Education Act of 1965 § 5411)

          Services provided under FSCS may include: high-quality early  
          learning programs and services; remedial education, family  







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          engagement, including parental involvement, parent leadership,  
          family literacy, and parent education programs; community  
          service and service learning opportunities; programs that  
          provide assistance to students who have been chronically absent,  
          truant, suspended, or expelled; job training and career  
          counseling services; nutrition services and physical activities;  
          primary health and dental care; activities that improve access  
          to and use of social service programs, among other things. 

            ANALYSIS
          
          This bill:

          1.   Authorizes and encourages a LEA or school to form a  
               community consortium in order to coordinate programs and  
               services for students, parents, and community members in  
               collaboration with one or more community partners for the  
               purpose of establishing a California Community School.

          2.   Requires all policies, guidelines, rules and regulations  
               adopted by the state board and the Superintendent  pursuant  
               to this chapter to actively foster the formation,  
               development and operation of California Community schools  
               (CCS) and to support and encourage local educational  
               agencies (LEA's) to establish CCS.

          3.   Defines various terms for the purpose of this bill  
               including:

                    A.             California Community School to mean "a  
                    public school that participates in a community based  
                    effort to coordinate and integrate, comprehensive  
                    academic, family, social, and health services for  
                    students, families, and community members through  
                    community based organizations, public and private  
                    partnerships with one or more community partners for  
                    the delivery of community services."  

          4.   Requires the Superintendent of Public Instruction (SPI) to  
               make grants available for establishing and supporting CCS,  
               to the extent state and/or private funds are available for  
               this purpose. Specifically, the SPI is required to:
                     
                    A.             Award grants for a period of three  








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                    years and base renewal of awards on eligibility  
                    established in this bill.

                    B.             Require LEA's to provide a 25% match in  
                    funds or in-kind services from allowable sources. 
                     
                    C.             Restrict the use of funds for planning  
                    to 30% of a grant award.

                    D.             Seek funds from outside sources. 

                    E.             Provide technical assistance or through  
                    referral to third-party, as specified.

                    F.             Give priority to CCS serving high  
                    percentages of unduplicated students.

                    G.             Award grants to applicants for the  
                    purpose of assisting public elementary or secondary  
                    schools to function as CCS and perform all of the  
                    following:
                     
                    (1)            Coordinate a minimum of three existing  
                         community services or two additional community  
                         services at one or more schools. 

                    (2)            Achieve performance goals by  
                         integrating services to meet the holistic needs  
                         of young people.

                    (3)            Coordinate and integrate services  
                         provided by local government agencies and  
                         community based organizations with services  
                         provided by specialized instructional support  
                         personnel, if applicable.

          5.   Authorizes all LEA's to apply for a grant within the  
               timeline determined by the SPI and requires, as a condition  
               of receiving funds, applicants to include the following:

                    A.             A memorandum of understanding between  
                    all community partners and the local educational  
                    agency (LEA). 
                     








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                    B.             A description of the LEA's community  
                    consortium, capacity to coordinate and provide  
                    community services, components with the plan that  
                    align with the local control and accountability plan  
                    (LCAP).  

                    C.             A comprehensive plan describing; 1)  
                    demographic characteristics of students; family and  
                    school community; 2) the needs of students, families,  
                    and community residents; 3) community assets; 4)  
                    performance measures that monitor goal attainment; 5)  
                    stakeholder surveys that measure student safety; 6)  
                    school climate and connectedness; 7) funding sources  
                    of community services and a plan for sustaining  
                    services. 

                    D.             Yearly measurable performance goals  
                    that are consistent with the following objectives:

                    (1)            Increasing the number for families  
                         served.
                     
                    (2)            School readiness, academic achievement  
                         and college preparation.

                    (3)            Physical, emotional, mental, and social  
                         health of students.

                    (4)            Safe schools and neighborhoods and  
                         positive learning environment free from bullying  
                         and harassment. 

                    (5)            Family support and engagement in the  
                         education of the student. 

                    (6)            Career preparation. 

                    (7)            Community service engagement among  
                         students. 

          6.   Requires each grant recipients to do all of the following:

                    A.             Conduct annual evaluations to measure  
                    progress.








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                    B.             Use evaluations to improve program  
                    activities.

                    C.             Make evaluation results available to  
                    the public, as specified.

                    D.             Collect and report data as required by  
                    the department and the applicable local control and  
                    accountability plan. 

                    E.             Develop a three-year plan in  
                    collaboration with a community consortium for purposes  
                    of aligning community services. The plan must include,  
                     but is not limited, the following:

                         (1)                 A needs assessment of  
                    students, parents, and local community.

                              (2)                      A resource map of  
                         the school and community that identifies  
                         potential community partners.  

                              (3)                      A plan for  
                         developing a community school infrastructure plan  
                         that establishes; 1) teams to oversee operations,  
                         school governance, and day to day service  
                         delivery; 2) a system for resource sharing; 3) a  
                         process for collective decision making and  
                         cross-agency collaboration; 4) data collection  
                         system based on shared outcomes and; 5) use of a  
                         community school site coordinator to facilitate  
                         partnerships, as specified.

          7.   Requires that funding for the program be considered  
               supplemental to federal, state, or local funds that would  
               otherwise be available for activities described in the  
               bill.

          8.   Requires the department to:

                    A.             Evaluate and report on the  
                    effectiveness of California Community schools (CCS) to  
                    determine best practices, progress toward goal  








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                    attainment, impact on student learning outcomes,  
                    improving community and family engagement, decreasing  
                    truancy, school dropout rate, the physical and mental  
                    health of participants.  

                    B.             Make recommendations and report  
                    findings to the appropriate legislative policy  
                    committees by November 1, 2019.

          9.   Makes a number of declarations and findings related to  
               California Community Schools performing specified functions  
               and services including:

                    A.             Actively partnering with its community  
                    to leverage existing resources and identifying new  
                    resources to provide enrichment, social services, and  
                    additional life skill opportunities for students,  
                    parents and community members. 

                    B.             Using school sites as hubs that foster  
                    intentional collaboration and alignment among local  
                    educational agencies (LEA's), local government  
                    agencies, postsecondary education, community-based  
                    organizations, non-profit organizations and businesses  
                    that provide in-school supports and extended learning  
                    opportunities outside of normal school hours to  
                    improve educational outcomes.   

          10.  Clarifies that a county community school cannot be  
               designated as a California Community School unless the  
               requirements outlined in this bill are met.

          STAFF COMMENTS

          1.   Need for the bill. According to the author, by providing  
               in-school support, enrichment and extended learning  
               opportunities outside of normal school hours, students are  
               more successful academically, more engaged in their  
               communities, safer, and better prepared to make a  
               successful transition to adulthood. This bill seeks to  
               provide a state framework for implementing a community  
               school strategy that expands and enhances inter-agency  
               collaboration focused on student success, supporting  
               families and building healthier communities. 








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          2.   Existing community school strategies. Many schools  
               voluntarily follow models of community school strategies  
               within the state, including Sacramento City Unified School  
               District (SCUSD), Ontario-Montclair School District, Bear  
               Valley Unified School District, Redwood City School  
               District, and Lake County Office of Education. These  
               programs are each profiled by the Partnership for Children  
               and Youth in their report on Community Schools: Aligning  
               Local Resources for Student Success (2013). The document  
               describes how existing community school efforts are  
               financed and how local government agencies partner to align  
               existing resources. As an example of how a community school  
               functions in SCUSD's Youth and Family Resource Centers  
               (resource center) is detailed below :

               A.        Services: SCUSD's Office of Integrated Support  
                    Services (ISS) operates 19 resource centers in schools  
                    throughout the district. These centers provide social,  
                    emotional, behavioral and academic support to  
                    students. Social workers, family advocates, interns  
                    and community partners work directly with students and  
                    families to address issues of concern, drawing on  
                    school and community resources for additional support.  
                    Services include:


               ------------------------------------------------------------ 
              |  Student Services  |  Family Services  |  School Services  |
              |--------------------+-------------------+-------------------|
              |Advocacy           |Case Management   | Attendance       |
              |Counseling         |ESL and           |  Services         |
              |Classroom Support  | Citizenship       | Community and    |
              |Conflict Resolution| Classes           |  School Safety    |
              |Dental Screening   |Health Insurance  | Crisis           |
              |Mentoring          |Enrollment        |  Intervention     |
              |Recreational       |Home Visits       | Student          |
              | Activities         |Immunization      |  Attendance       |
              |School             | Clinics           |  Review Board     |
              | Supplies/Uniforms  |Parenting Classes |  Participation    |
              |Tutoring           | Parent Leadership| Student Study    |
              | Youth Development |                   |  Team             |
              | Activities         |                   |  Support          |
              |                    |                   | Suicide Risk     |








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              |                    |                   |  Assessment       |
              |                    |                   | Translation      |
              |                    |                   |  Services         |
              |                    |                   |                   |
               ------------------------------------------------------------ 

               A.        SCUSD Governance / Partnerships. Each resource  
                    center is governed by a combination of site-level  
                    management, district-level management and a  
                    collaborative composed of school and community  
                    stakeholders. At each site, a resource center  
                    coordinator works closely with the principal to  
                    identify students and families in need of support  
                    (generally through the Student Study Team process),  
                    and to identify strategies for addressing these needs.  
                    The resource center coordinator directly supervises  
                    resource center staff and interns, manages  
                    relationships with community partners, and sits on  
                    each school's site council.

               B.        SCUSD Funding. Resource centers do not receive  
                    appropriations from the school district general fund.  
                    Instead, services are funded by a variety of sources  
                    and in-kind resources donated from the local  
                    university and community organizations.  The following  
                    graph shows the various funding sources and the  
                    activities and services funded:

                    (1)            Funding sources and types:

                         (a)                 School Site Funding: Title 1  
                              (main source), Economic Impact Aid, Quality  
                              Education Investment Act.

                         (b)                 School District: LEA billing  
                              option (Med-Cal) Targeted Instructional  
                              Improvement Block Grant, McKinney Vento  
                              (CDE).

                         (c)                 Educational  
                              Related/Competitive Grants: Healthy Start  
                              (CDE), School Community Violence Prevention  
                              (CDE), Lifeline Mentoring (Federal).









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                         (d)                 Local Government/Partner  
                              Agencies: Sacramento County Mental Health,  
                              CSUS Dept. of Social Work (interns), over  
                              120 community partners providing services.

          This bill seeks to establish a grant program in order to enhance  
          inter-agency collaboration that offer support services for  
          students and families similar to the resource center profiled  
          above. 

          1.   LCAP Priorities. Under the local control funding formula  
               (LCFF) local education agencies are required to complete a  
               local control and accountability plan (LCAP). The LCAP must  
               include districts annual goals in each of the eight state  
               priority areas which include, student achievement, student  
               engagement, student outcomes, school climate,  
               implementation of common core state standards, course  
               access, basic services, and parental involvement. This bill  
               seeks to align California Community School strategies with  
               similar provisions of the eight state priority areas  
               provided in the LCAP such as parent involvement, community  
               decision-making, prioritizing student engagement, and  
               school climate college and career preparation, among other  
               key areas.

          2.   Community Day schools. Existing law establishes Community  
               Day schools, which are schools for students who have been  
               expelled or who have had problems with attendance or  
               behavior. These particular schools are administered by  
               school districts or county offices of education and offer  
               classes, provide basic educational skill development, on  
               the job training, credit recovery assistance, tutorial  
               assistance, counselors and other professional assistance in  
               order to reinforce or reestablish educational development.  
               This bill specifies that a "California Community school"  
               should not be confused with a "California Community Day  
               school," however; nothing prohibits a Community Day school  
               from implementing the California Community school strategy.  


          3.   Related and prior legislation
          
               RELATED LEGISLATION
           








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               SB 527 (Liu, 2015) specifies uses for the Safe  
               Neighborhoods and Schools Fund for the purposes of  
               rewarding school districts that have demonstrated a  
               commitment to, and developed a comprehensive plan for,  
               utilizing research-based strategies to increase attendance  
               rates, to reduce school removals of all types and referrals  
               to police, to address trauma, mental health needs and other  
               social and emotional factors that impact pupil outcomes  
               including community school strategies, among other things.  
               SB 527 is scheduled to be heard by this Committee on April  
               29.

               PRIOR LEGISLATION 

               AB 2555 (Bocanegra, 2014) would have required the  
               Superintendent of Public Instruction, in collaboration with  
               various other state agencies and private organizations, to  
               develop a five-year plan for expanding cradle-to-career  
               initiatives in California that may include full-service  
               community schools, promise neighborhoods, wraparound  
               programs, wellness centers, and healthy communities  
               efforts. AB 2555 was held in the Appropriations committee. 

            SUPPORT
          
          California Federation of Teachers
          California School Based Health Alliance 
          Children Now
          Los Angeles Education Partnership 
          Partnership for Children and Youth
          Redwood City 2020

            OPPOSITION
           
           None received.

                                      -- END --