BILL ANALYSIS Ó ----------------------------------------------------------------- |SENATE RULES COMMITTEE | SB 431| |Office of Senate Floor Analyses | | |(916) 651-1520 Fax: (916) | | |327-4478 | | ----------------------------------------------------------------- THIRD READING Bill No: SB 431 Author: Beall (D) Amended: 4/21/15 Vote: 27 - Urgency SENATE TRANS. & HOUSING COMMITTEE: 11-0, 4/14/15 AYES: Beall, Cannella, Allen, Bates, Gaines, Galgiani, Leyva, McGuire, Mendoza, Roth, Wieckowski SUBJECT: Vehicles: driver-assistive truck platooning SOURCE: Author DIGEST: This bill allows vehicles equipped with a driver-assistive truck platooning system to operate less than 100 feet apart. ANALYSIS: Existing law prohibits drivers from following other vehicles more closely than is reasonable and prudent. This bill: 1)Requires that the determination of reasonable and prudent shall take into account the presence of vehicle automation technology, including driver-assistive truck platooning systems. SB 431 Page 2 2)Clarifies the definition of "caravan" or "motorcade" as three or more vehicles. Comments 1)Purpose. According to the author, this bill brings California into the 21st century in that it creates the possibility of driver-assistive truck platooning (DATP). This technology is an extension of adaptive cruise control and automated braking/active safety technologies already commercialized and adopted in U.S. trucking fleets. The author states that DATP enhances traffic safety by circumventing delays in human perception and reaction time, and also dramatically improves fuel efficiency. The bill's sponsor contends that the California Highway Patrol (CHP) believes that two-truck platooning with DATP is not allowed under existing law. This bill, therefore, amends existing law to make it possible for trucks to utilize this technology in California. Also, because no definition exists in the Vehicle Code, the bill also clarifies that caravans and motorcades consist of three or more vehicles, consistent with the CHP's understanding. 2)Truck platooning and vehicle automation. Due to the fact that drivers require time and space to react to changing driving conditions, the present system of driving on roadways requires a tremendous amount of space between vehicles. The amount of space between vehicles increases as the speed of the vehicles increases. For example, a parked car requires approximately 100 square feet of ground space. When the same vehicle is moving at 70 mph, because of the longitudinal space requirements to allow for human reaction time, it requires approximately 5,000 square feet of space on a freeway. This space requirement is even higher for trucks and commands a premium price in an already developed urban environment such as southern California. Automated Highway Systems, or AHS, holds great promise in improving traffic flow on congested roadways and promises dramatic improvements in capacity. AHS is a vehicle- and road-based system that can drive a vehicle automatically. This is done using sensors that determine a vehicle's lane position and the speed and location of other vehicles. SB 431 Page 3 Actuators on the throttle, brake, and steering wheel give the vehicle the necessary commands to safely navigate the vehicle on the roadway. AHS vehicles often also have equipment to communicate with other AHS vehicles. Automated highways are safer, more efficient, and produce lower emissions compared to the traffic flow on conventional highways. This bill furthers the development of truck platooning and AHS in California, which can provide significant benefits to the state. FISCAL EFFECT: Appropriation: No Fiscal Com.:NoLocal: No SUPPORT: (Verified4/20/15) UPS Motor and Equipment Manufacturers Association Peloton Technology OPPOSITION: (Verified4/20/15) None received Prepared by:Randy Chinn / T. & H. / (916) 651-4121 4/22/15 16:20:00 **** END ****