BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    Ó






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          |SENATE RULES COMMITTEE            |                        SB 431|
          |Office of Senate Floor Analyses   |                              |
          |(916) 651-1520    Fax: (916)      |                              |
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                                   THIRD READING 


          Bill No:  SB 431
          Author:   Beall (D)
          Amended:  4/21/15  
          Vote:     27  - Urgency

           SENATE TRANS. & HOUSING COMMITTEE:  11-0, 4/14/15
           AYES:  Beall, Cannella, Allen, Bates, Gaines, Galgiani, Leyva,  
            McGuire, Mendoza, Roth, Wieckowski

           SUBJECT:   Vehicles: driver-assistive truck platooning


          SOURCE:    Author


          DIGEST:  This bill allows vehicles equipped with a  
          driver-assistive truck platooning system to operate less than  
          100 feet apart.


          ANALYSIS:   Existing law prohibits drivers from following other  
          vehicles more closely than is reasonable and prudent.  


          This bill:


          1)Requires that the determination of reasonable and prudent  
            shall take into account the presence of vehicle automation  
            technology, including driver-assistive truck platooning  
            systems.










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          2)Clarifies the definition of "caravan" or "motorcade" as three  
            or more vehicles.


          Comments


          1)Purpose.  According to the author, this bill brings California  
            into the 21st century in that it creates the possibility of  
            driver-assistive truck platooning (DATP).  This technology is  
            an extension of adaptive cruise control and automated  
            braking/active safety technologies already commercialized and  
            adopted in U.S. trucking fleets.  The author states that DATP  
            enhances traffic safety by circumventing delays in human  
            perception and reaction time, and also dramatically improves  
            fuel efficiency.  The bill's sponsor contends that the  
            California Highway Patrol (CHP) believes that two-truck  
            platooning with DATP is not allowed under existing law.  This  
            bill, therefore, amends existing law to make it possible for  
            trucks to utilize this technology in California.  Also,  
            because no definition exists in the Vehicle Code, the bill  
            also clarifies that caravans and motorcades consist of three  
            or more vehicles, consistent with the CHP's understanding.

          2)Truck platooning and vehicle automation.  Due to the fact that  
            drivers require time and space to react to changing driving  
            conditions, the present system of driving on roadways requires  
            a tremendous amount of space between vehicles.  The amount of  
            space between vehicles increases as the speed of the vehicles  
            increases.  For example, a parked car requires approximately  
            100 square feet of ground space.  When the same vehicle is  
            moving at 70 mph, because of the longitudinal space  
            requirements to allow for human reaction time, it requires  
            approximately 5,000 square feet of space on a freeway.  This  
            space requirement is even higher for trucks and commands a  
            premium price in an already developed urban environment such  
            as southern California.

            Automated Highway Systems, or AHS, holds great promise in  
            improving traffic flow on congested roadways and promises  
            dramatic improvements in capacity.  AHS is a vehicle- and  
            road-based system that can drive a vehicle automatically.   
            This is done using sensors that determine a vehicle's lane  
            position and the speed and location of other vehicles.   







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                                                                    Page  3


            Actuators on the throttle, brake, and steering wheel give the  
            vehicle the necessary commands to safely navigate the vehicle  
            on the roadway.  AHS vehicles often also have equipment to  
            communicate with other AHS vehicles.  Automated highways are  
            safer, more efficient, and produce lower emissions compared to  
            the traffic flow on conventional highways.  This bill furthers  
            the development of truck platooning and AHS in California,  
            which can provide significant benefits to the state.  



          FISCAL EFFECT:   Appropriation:    No          Fiscal  
          Com.:NoLocal:    No


          SUPPORT:   (Verified4/20/15)


          UPS
          Motor and Equipment Manufacturers Association
          Peloton Technology


          OPPOSITION:   (Verified4/20/15)


          None received

          Prepared by:Randy Chinn / T. & H. / (916) 651-4121
          4/22/15 16:20:00


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