BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    Ó




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          |SENATE RULES COMMITTEE            |                        SB 539|
          |Office of Senate Floor Analyses   |                              |
          |(916) 651-1520    Fax: (916)      |                              |
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                                   THIRD READING 


          Bill No:  SB 539
          Author:   Hueso (D)
          Amended:  4/27/15  
          Vote:     21  

           SENATE ENERGY, U. & C. COMMITTEE:  9-0, 4/21/15
           AYES:  Hueso, Cannella, Hertzberg, Hill, Lara, Leyva, McGuire,  
            Pavley, Wolk
           NO VOTE RECORDED:  Fuller, Morrell

          SENATE APPROPRIATIONS COMMITTEE:  Senate Rule 28.8

           SUBJECT:   Renewable energy resources:  geothermal


          SOURCE:    Author
          
          DIGEST:   This bill deletes a provision of existing law that  
          authorizes the California Public Utilities Commission (CPUC) to  
          prohibit an investor-owned utility (IOU) from curtailing the  
          generation, production, or transmission of electricity from a  
          geothermal powerplant operated by the IOU.
          
          ANALYSIS: 

          Existing law:

          1)Grants, via the California Constitution, the CPUC authority to  
            fix rates charged by public utilities under its jurisdiction.  
            (Article XII, Section 6, California Constitution.)

          2)Authorizes the CPUC, upon request of a geothermal energy  
            producer, to prohibit any IOU from curtailing the generation,  
            production, or transmission of electricity from a geothermal  
            powerplant operated by the IOU, if the CPUC deems that such  








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            curtailment is not in the public interest.

          This bill deletes a provision of existing law that authorizes  
          the CPUC, upon a complaint by a geothermal energy producer, to  
          prohibit an IOU from curtailing the generation, production, or  
          transmission of electricity from a geothermal powerplant  
          operated by the IOU, if the CPUC deems that such curtailment is  
          not in the public interest.

          Background

          Geothermal energy is heat from the Earth.  It is considered a  
          renewable resource because the heat emanating from the interior  
          of the Earth is practically limitless. To develop electricity  
          from geothermal resources, wells are drilled into a geothermal  
          reservoir.  The wells bring the geothermal water to the surface,  
          where its heat energy is converted into electricity at a  
          geothermal power plant. Geothermal generation currently meets  
          approximately 25 percent of the state's renewable portfolio.   
          However, several contracts in the generation portfolios of  
          Southern California Edison and Pacific Gas & Electric will  
          expire in the next five years.  San Diego Gas & Electric has no  
          geothermal in its portfolio.

          Last year, the author, in response to the likely relative  
          decline in geothermal's role as a source of power in California,  
          carried a bill - SB 1139.  That bill would have required  
          electric utilities to procure specified percentages of their  
          electricity from geothermal resources.  In support of that bill,  
          the author provided the following statement to the Senate  
          Committee on Energy, Utilities and Communications:

               California and the Western United States have uniquely high  
               quality solar and geothermal resources. California  
               utilities are dramatically increasing their utilization of  
               solar resources, but not effectively increasing utilization  
               of geothermal resources. In fact, only a fraction of the  
               geothermal resources that could be supplying California  
               consumers are currently being tapped, and there has been  
               very little increase in geothermal generation capacity  
               during the past decade?This is a wasted opportunity of such  
               a valuable resource. The long term electric supply  








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               portfolio serving California consumers should include much  
               greater reliance on geothermal resources so that we have a  
               balanced portfolio as we move toward a carbon-free  
               generation supply.

          The bill passed the Senate but did not pass the Assembly.

          The author continues his belief that California should achieve  
          its climate goals through greater reliance on geothermal  
          resources - and baseload renewable resources, in general.  This  
          bill deletes a provision of existing law that authorizes the  
          CPUC, upon a complaint by a geothermal energy producer, to  
          prohibit an IOU from curtailing the generation, production, or  
          transmission of electricity from a geothermal powerplant  
          operated by the IOU, if the CPUC deems that such curtailment is  
          not in the public interest.  The author reports that he, during  
          his efforts to promote geothermal resources, learned that (1)  
          this decades-old provision of law has never been used and (2) it  
          may violate the federal government's authority over wholesale  
          electricity.  The author expresses concern that this provision,  
          seemingly protective of geothermal energy resources, may  
          discourage their development.  This is because, according to the  
          author, the protection that seems to be granted to geothermal  
          may lead utilities to view the resource as constraining their  
          operational flexibility, thereby discouraging their procurement  
          of it.


          The author is correct that the federal government retains  
          exclusive authority overall aspects of wholesale electricity  
          sales.  Specifically, the Federal Power Act, 16 USC 824(b)  
          grants Federal Energy Regulatory Commission exclusive  
          jurisdiction over the "transmission of electric energy in  
          interstate commerce," and over the "sale of electric energy at  
          wholesale in interstate commerce," and over "all facilities for  
          such transmission or sale of electric energy."  Whether the  
          provision the author seeks to delete hampers geothermal  
          development is an open question; its conflict with federal law  
          is not.   
          
          Prior Legislation
          








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          SB 1139 (Hueso, 2014) would have required the IOUs and all other  
          retail sellers of electricity, by 2024, to procure a  
          proportionate share of a statewide total of 500 megawatts of  
          electricity generated by baseload geothermal powerplants that  
          began being constructed after January 1, 2015.  The bill died on  
          the Assembly Third Reading File.

          FISCAL EFFECT:   Appropriation:    No          Fiscal  
          Com.:YesLocal:   No


          SUPPORT:   (Verified5/5/15)


          None received


          OPPOSITION:   (Verified5/5/15)


          None received


          ARGUMENTS IN SUPPORT:     According to the author, existing law,  
          while seemingly protective of geothermal resources, may actually  
          make their procurement less likely.  California should remove  
          unnecessary barriers to ensure geothermal plays a greater role  
          in achievement of the state's renewable energy and climate  
          change goals.






          Prepared by:Jay Dickenson / E., U., & C. / (916) 651-4107
          5/6/15 16:16:27


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