Amended in Senate May 7, 2015

Amended in Senate April 15, 2015

Amended in Senate April 6, 2015

Senate BillNo. 620


Introduced by Senator Block

February 27, 2015


An act to amend Sections 4980.03, 4980.42, 4980.43, 4980.44, 4996.23, and 4999.46 of the Business and Professions Code, relating to healing arts.

LEGISLATIVE COUNSEL’S DIGEST

SB 620, as amended, Block. Board of Behavioral Sciences: licensure requirements.

Existing law provides for the licensure and regulation of marriage and family therapists, clinical social workers, and professional clinical counselors by the Board of Behavioral Sciences. Existing law requires applicants for licensure in those professions to comply with specified educational and experience requirements, including, but not limited to, hours of supervised experience, and sets forth terms, conditions, and limitations for those hours of experience, as specified.

This bill would revise those experience requirements and provide that individuals who submit applications for examination eligibility between January 1, 2016, and December 31, 2020, maybegin delete alternatelyend deletebegin insert alternativelyend insert qualify under the current requirements. The bill would also make other technical and conforming changes.

Vote: majority. Appropriation: no. Fiscal committee: yes. State-mandated local program: no.

The people of the State of California do enact as follows:

P2    1

SECTION 1.  

Section 4980.03 of the Business and Professions
2Code
is amended to read:

3

4980.03.  

(a) “Board,” as used in this chapter, means the Board
4of Behavioral Sciences.

5(b) “Intern,” as used in this chapter, means an unlicensed person
6who has earned his or her master’s or doctoral degree qualifying
7him or her for licensure and is registered with the board.

8(c) “Trainee,” as used in this chapter, means an unlicensed
9person who is currently enrolled in a master’s or doctoral degree
10program, as specified in Sections 4980.36 and 4980.37, that is
11designed to qualify him or her for licensure under this chapter, and
12who has completed no less than 12 semester units or 18 quarter
13units of coursework in any qualifying degree program.

14(d) “Applicant,” as used in this chapter, means an unlicensed
15person who has completed a master’s or doctoral degree program,
16as specified in Sections 4980.36 and 4980.37, and whose
17application for registration as an intern is pending, or an unlicensed
18person who has completed the requirements for licensure as
19specified in this chapter, is no longer registered with the board as
20an intern, and is currently in the examination process.

21(e) “Advertise,” as used in this chapter, includes, but is not
22limited to, any public communication, as defined in subdivision
23(a) of Section 651, the issuance of any card, sign, or device to any
24person, or the causing, permitting, or allowing of any sign or
25marking on, or in, any building or structure, or in any newspaper
26or magazine or in any directory, or any printed matter whatsoever,
27with or without any limiting qualification. Signs within religious
28buildings or notices in church bulletins mailed to a congregation
29shall not be construed as advertising within the meaning of this
30 chapter.

31(f) “Experience,” as used in this chapter, means experience in
32interpersonal relationships, psychotherapy, marriage and family
33therapy, direct counseling, and nonclinical practice that satisfies
34the requirements for licensure as a marriage and family therapist
35pursuant to Section 4980.40.

36(g) “Supervisor,” as used in this chapter, means an individual
37who meets all of the following requirements:

P3    1(1) Has been licensed by a state regulatory agency for at least
2two years as a marriage and family therapist, licensed clinical
3social worker, licensed professional clinical counselor, licensed
4psychologist, or licensed physician certified in psychiatry by the
5American Board of Psychiatry and Neurology.

6(2) If a licensed professional clinical counselor, the individual
7shall meet the additional training and education requirements
8specified in paragraph (3) of subdivision (a) of Section 4999.20.

9(3) Has not provided therapeutic services to the trainee or intern.

10(4) Has a current and valid license that is not under suspension
11or probation.

12(5) Complies with supervision requirements established by this
13chapter and by board regulations.

14(h) “Client centered advocacy,” as used in this chapter, includes,
15but is not limited to, researching, identifying, and accessing
16resources, or other activities, related to obtaining or providing
17services and supports for clients or groups of clients receiving
18psychotherapy or counseling services.

19

SEC. 2.  

Section 4980.42 of the Business and Professions Code
20 is amended to read:

21

4980.42.  

(a) Trainees performing services in any work setting
22specified in subdivision (e) of Section 4980.43 may perform those
23activities and services as a trainee, provided that the activities and
24services constitute part of the trainee’s supervised course of study
25and that the person is designated by the title “trainee.”

26(b) Trainees subject to Section 4980.37 may gain hours of
27experience and counsel clients outside of the required practicum.
28This subdivision shall apply to hours of experience gained and
29client counseling provided on and after January 1, 2012.

30(c) Trainees subject to Section 4980.36 may gain hours of
31experience outside of the required practicum but must be enrolled
32in a practicum course to counsel clients. Trainees subject to Section
334980.36 may counsel clients while not enrolled in a practicum
34course if the period of lapsed enrollment is less than 90 calendar
35days, and if that period is immediately preceded by enrollment in
36a practicum course and immediately followed by enrollment in a
37practicum course or completion of the degree program.

38(d) All hours of experience gained pursuant to subdivisions (b)
39and (c) shall be subject to the other requirements of this chapter.

P4    1(e) All hours of experience gained as a trainee shall be
2coordinated between the school and the site where the hours are
3being accrued. The school shall approve each site and shall have
4a written agreement with each site that details each party’s
5responsibilities, including the methods by which supervision shall
6be provided. The agreement shall provide for regular progress
7reports and evaluations of the student’s performance at the site. If
8an applicant has gained hours of experience while enrolled in an
9institution other than the one that confers the qualifying degree, it
10shall be the applicant’s responsibility to provide to the board
11satisfactory evidence that those hours of trainee experience were
12gained in compliance with this section.

13

SEC. 3.  

Section 4980.43 of the Business and Professions Code
14 is amended to read:

15

4980.43.  

(a) To qualify for licensure as specified in Section
164980.40, each applicant shall complete experience related to the
17practice of marriage and family therapy under a supervisor who
18meets the qualifications set forth in Section 4980.03. The
19experience shall comply with the following:

20(1) A minimum of 3,000 hours of supervised experience
21completed during a period of at least 104 weeks.

22(2) A maximum of 40 hours in any seven consecutive days.

23(3) A minimum of 1,700 hours obtained after the qualifying
24master’s or doctoral degree was awarded.

25(4) A maximum of 1,300 hours obtained prior to the award date
26of the qualifying master’s or doctoral degree.

27(5) A maximum of 750 hours of counseling and direct supervisor
28contact prior to the award date of the qualifying master’s or
29doctoral degree.

30(6) No hours of experience may be gained prior to completing
31either 12 semester units or 18 quarter units of graduate instruction.

32(7) No hours of experience may be gained more than six years
33prior to the date the application for examination eligibility was
34filed, except that up to 500 hours of clinical experience gained in
35the supervised practicum required by subdivision (c) of Section
364980.37 and subparagraph (B) of paragraph (1) of subdivision (d)
37of Section 4980.36 shall be exempt from this six-year requirement.

38(8) A minimum of 1,750 hours of direct counseling with
39individuals, groups, couples, or families, that includes not less than
P5    1500 total hours of experience in diagnosing and treating couples,
2families, and children.

3(9) A maximum of 1,250 hours of nonclinical practice,
4consisting of direct supervisor contact, administering and
5evaluating psychological tests, writing clinical reports, writing
6progress or process notes, client-centered advocacy, and
7workshops, seminars, training sessions, or conferences directly
8related to marriage and family therapy that have been approved
9by the applicant’s supervisor.

10(10) It is anticipated and encouraged that hours of experience
11will include working with elders and dependent adults who have
12physical or mental limitations that restrict their ability to carry out
13 normal activities or protect their rights.

14This subdivision shall only apply to hours gained on and after
15January 1, 2010.

16(b) An individual who submits an application for examination
17eligibility between January 1, 2016, and December 31, 2020, may
18alternately qualify under the experience requirements that were in
19place on January 1, 2015.

20(c) All applicants, trainees, and registrants shall be at all times
21under the supervision of a supervisor who shall be responsible for
22ensuring that the extent, kind, and quality of counseling performed
23is consistent with the training and experience of the person being
24supervised, and who shall be responsible to the board for
25compliance with all laws, rules, and regulations governing the
26practice of marriage and family therapy. Supervised experience
27shall be gained by an intern or trainee only as an employee or as
28a volunteer. The requirements of this chapter regarding gaining
29hours of experience and supervision are applicable equally to
30employees and volunteers. Experience shall not be gained by an
31intern or trainee as an independent contractor.

32(1) If employed, an intern shall provide the board with copies
33of the corresponding W-2 tax forms for each year of experience
34claimed upon application for licensure.

35(2) If volunteering, an intern shall provide the board with a letter
36from his or her employer verifying the intern’s employment as a
37volunteer upon application for licensure.

38(d) Except for experience gained by attending workshops,
39seminars, training sessions, or conferences as described in
40paragraph (9) of subdivision (a), supervision shall include at least
P6    1one hour of direct supervisor contact in each week for which
2experience is credited in each work setting, as specified:

3(1) A trainee shall receive an average of at least one hour of
4direct supervisor contact for every five hours of client contact in
5each setting. No more than six hours of supervision, whether
6individual or group, shall be credited during any single week.

7(2) An individual supervised after being granted a qualifying
8degree shall receive at least one additional hour of direct supervisor
9contact for every week in which more than 10 hours of client
10contact is gained in each setting. No more than six hours of
11supervision, whether individual or group, shall be credited during
12any single week.

13(3) For purposes of this section, “one hour of direct supervisor
14contact” means one hour per week of face-to-face contact on an
15individual basis or two hours per week of face-to-face contact in
16a group.

17(4) Direct supervisor contact shall occur within the same week
18as the hours claimed.

19(5) Direct supervisor contact provided in a group shall be
20provided in a group of not more than eight supervisees and in
21segments lasting no less than one continuous hour.

22(6) Notwithstanding paragraph (3), an intern working in a
23governmental entity, a school, a college, or a university, or an
24institution that is both nonprofit and charitable may obtain the
25required weekly direct supervisor contact via two-way, real-time
26videoconferencing. The supervisor shall be responsible for ensuring
27that client confidentiality is upheld.

28(7) All experience gained by a trainee shall be monitored by the
29supervisor as specified by regulation.

30(8) The six hours of supervision that may be credited during
31any single week pursuant to paragraphs (1) and (2) shall apply to
32supervision hours gained on or after January 1, 2009.

33(e) (1) A trainee may be credited with supervised experience
34completed in any setting that meets all of the following:

35(A) Lawfully and regularly provides mental health counseling
36or psychotherapy.

37(B) Provides oversight to ensure that the trainee’s work at the
38setting meets the experience and supervision requirements set forth
39in this chapter and is within the scope of practice for the profession
40as defined in Section 4980.02.

P7    1(C) Is not a private practice owned by a licensed marriage and
2family therapist, a licensed professional clinical counselor, a
3licensed psychologist, a licensed clinical social worker, a licensed
4physician and surgeon, or a professional corporation of any of
5those licensed professions.

6(2) Experience may be gained by the trainee solely as part of
7the position for which the trainee volunteers or is employed.

8(f) (1) An intern may be credited with supervised experience
9completed in any setting that meets both of the following:

10(A) Lawfully and regularly provides mental health counseling
11or psychotherapy.

12(B) Provides oversight to ensure that the intern’s work at the
13setting meets the experience and supervision requirements set forth
14in this chapter and is within the scope of practice for the profession
15as defined in Section 4980.02.

16(2) An applicant shall not be employed or volunteer in a private
17practice, as defined in subparagraph (C) of paragraph (1) of
18subdivision (e), until registered as an intern.

19(3) While an intern may be either a paid employee or a
20volunteer, employers are encouraged to provide fair remuneration
21to interns.

22(4) Except for periods of time during a supervisor’s vacation or
23sick leave, an intern who is employed or volunteering in private
24practice shall be under the direct supervision of a licensee that has
25satisfied the requirements of subdivision (g) of Section 4980.03.
26The supervising licensee shall either be employed by and practice
27at the same site as the intern’s employer, or shall be an owner or
28shareholder of the private practice. Alternative supervision may
29be arranged during a supervisor’s vacation or sick leave if the
30supervision meets the requirements of this section.

31(5) Experience may be gained by the intern solely as part of the
32position for which the intern volunteers or is employed.

33(g) Except as provided in subdivision (h), all persons shall
34register with the board as an intern in order to be credited for
35postdegree hours of supervised experience gained toward licensure.

36(h) Except when employed in a private practice setting, all
37postdegree hours of experience shall be credited toward licensure
38so long as the applicant applies for the intern registration within
3990 days of the granting of the qualifying master’s or doctoral
40degree and is thereafter granted the intern registration by the board.

P8    1(i) Trainees, interns, and applicants shall not receive any
2remuneration from patients or clients, and shall only be paid by
3their employers.

4(j) Trainees, interns, and applicants shall only perform services
5at the place where their employers regularly conduct business,
6which may include performing services at other locations, so long
7as the services are performed under the direction and control of
8their employer and supervisor, and in compliance with the laws
9and regulations pertaining to supervision. Trainees and interns
10shall have no proprietary interest in their employers’ businesses
11and shall not lease or rent space, pay for furnishings, equipment,
12or supplies, or in any other way pay for the obligations of their
13employers.

14(k) Trainees, interns, or applicants who provide volunteered
15services or other services, and who receive no more than a total,
16from all work settings, of five hundred dollars ($500) per month
17as reimbursement for expenses actually incurred by those trainees,
18interns, or applicants for services rendered in any lawful work
19setting other than a private practice shall be considered employees
20and not independent contractors. The board may audit applicants
21who receive reimbursement for expenses, and the applicants shall
22have the burden of demonstrating that the payments received were
23for reimbursement of expenses actually incurred.

24(l) Each educational institution preparing applicants for licensure
25pursuant to this chapter shall consider requiring, and shall
26encourage, its students to undergo individual, marital or conjoint,
27family, or group counseling or psychotherapy, as appropriate. Each
28supervisor shall consider, advise, and encourage his or her interns
29and trainees regarding the advisability of undertaking individual,
30marital or conjoint, family, or group counseling or psychotherapy,
31as appropriate. Insofar as it is deemed appropriate and is desired
32by the applicant, the educational institution and supervisors are
33encouraged to assist the applicant in locating that counseling or
34psychotherapy at a reasonable cost.

35

SEC. 4.  

Section 4980.44 of the Business and Professions Code
36 is amended to read:

37

4980.44.  

An unlicensed marriage and family therapist intern
38employed under this chapter shall comply with the following
39requirements:

P9    1(a) Possess, at a minimum, a master’s degree as specified in
2Section 4980.36 or 4980.37, as applicable.

3(b) Register with the board prior to performing any duties,
4except as otherwise provided in subdivision (h) of Section 4980.43.

5(c) Prior to performing any professional services, inform each
6client or patient that he or she is an unlicensed marriage and family
7therapist registered intern, provide his or her registration number
8and the name of his or her employer, and indicate whether he or
9she is under the supervision of a licensed marriage and family
10therapist, licensed clinical social worker, licensed professional
11clinical counselor, licensed psychologist, or a licensed physician
12and surgeon certified in psychiatry by the American Board of
13Psychiatry and Neurology.

14(d) (1) Any advertisement by or on behalf of a marriage and
15family therapist registered intern shall include, at a minimum, all
16of the following information:

17(A) That he or she is a marriage and family therapist registered
18intern.

19(B) The intern’s registration number.

20(C) The name of his or her employer.

21(D) That he or she is supervised by a licensed person.

22(2) The abbreviation “MFTI” shall not be used in an
23advertisement unless the title “marriage and family therapist
24registered intern” appears in the advertisement.

25

SEC. 5.  

Section 4996.23 of the Business and Professions Code
26 is amended to read:

27

4996.23.  

(a) To qualify for licensure as specified in Section
284996.2, each applicant shall complete 3,200 hours of post-master’s
29degree supervised experience related to the practice of clinical
30social workbegin delete, under a supervisorend delete. The experience shall comply with
31the following:

32(1) At least 1,700 hours shall be gained under the supervision
33of a licensed clinical social worker. The remaining required
34supervised experience may be gained under the supervision of a
35licensed mental health professional acceptable to the board as
36defined by a regulation adopted by the board.

37(2) A minimum of 2,000 hours in clinical psychosocial
38diagnosis, assessment, and treatment, including psychotherapy or
39counseling.

P10   1(3) A maximum of 1,200 hours in client-centered advocacy,
2consultation, evaluation, research, direct supervisor contact, and
3workshops, seminars, training sessions, or conferences directly
4related to clinical social work that have been approved by the
5applicant’s supervisor.

6(4) Of the 2,000 clinical hours required in paragraph (2), no less
7than 750 hours shall be face-to-face individual or group
8psychotherapy provided to clients in the context of clinical social
9work services.

10(5) A minimum of two years of supervised experience is required
11to be obtained over a period of not less than 104 weeks and shall
12have been gained within the six years immediately preceding the
13date on which the application for licensure was filed.

14(6) Experience shall not be credited for more than 40 hours in
15any week.

16(b) An individual who submits an application for examination
17eligibility between January 1, 2016, and December 31, 2020, may
18begin delete alternatelyend deletebegin insert alternativelyend insert qualify under the experience requirements
19that were in place on January 1, 2015.

20(c) “Supervision” means responsibility for, and control of, the
21quality of clinical social work services being provided.
22Consultation or peer discussion shall not be considered to be
23supervision.

24(d) (1) Prior to the commencement of supervision, a supervisor
25shall comply with all requirements enumerated in Section 1870 of
26Title 16 of the California Code of Regulations and shall sign under
27penalty of perjury the “Responsibility Statement for Supervisors
28of an Associate Clinical Social Worker” form.

29(2) Supervised experience shall include at least one hour of
30direct supervisor contact for a minimum of 104 weeks. For
31purposes of this subdivision, “one hour of direct supervisor contact”
32means one hour per week of face-to-face contact on an individual
33basis or two hours of face-to-face contact in a group conducted
34within the same week as the hours claimed.

35(3) An associate shall receive at least one additional hour of
36direct supervisor contact for every week in which more than 10
37hours of face-to-face psychotherapy is performed in each setting
38in which experience is gained. No more than six hours of
39supervision, whether individual or group, shall be credited during
40any single week.

P11   1(4) Supervision shall include at least one hour of direct
2supervisor contact during each week for which experience is gained
3in each work setting. Supervision is not required for experience
4gained attending workshops, seminars, training sessions, or
5conferences as described in paragraph (3) of subdivision (a).

6(5) The six hours of supervision that may be credited during
7any single week pursuant to paragraph (3) shall apply only to
8supervision hours gained on or after January 1, 2010.

9(6) Group supervision shall be provided in a group of not more
10than eight supervisees and shall be provided in segments lasting
11no less than one continuous hour.

12(7) Of the 104 weeks of required supervision, 52 weeks shall
13be individual supervision, and of the 52 weeks of required
14individual supervision, not less than 13 weeks shall be supervised
15by a licensed clinical social worker.

16(8) Notwithstanding paragraph (2), an associate clinical social
17worker working for a governmental entity, school, college, or
18university, or an institution that is both a nonprofit and charitable
19institution, may obtain the required weekly direct supervisor
20contact via live two-way videoconferencing. The supervisor shall
21be responsible for ensuring that client confidentiality is preserved.

22(e) The supervisor and the associate shall develop a supervisory
23plan that describes the goals and objectives of supervision. These
24goals shall include the ongoing assessment of strengths and
25limitations and the assurance of practice in accordance with the
26laws and regulations. The associate shall submit to the board the
27initial original supervisory plan upon application for licensure.

28(f) Experience shall only be gained in a setting that meets both
29of the following:

30(1) Lawfully and regularly provides clinical social work, mental
31health counseling, or psychotherapy.

32(2) Provides oversight to ensure that the associate’s work at the
33setting meets the experience and supervision requirements set forth
34in this chapter and is within the scope of practice for the profession
35as defined in Section 4996.9.

36(g) Experience shall not be gained until the applicant has been
37registered as an associate clinical social worker.

38(h) Employment in a private practice as defined in subdivision
39(i) shall not commence until the applicant has been registered as
40an associate clinical social worker.

P12   1(i) A private practice setting is a setting that is owned by a
2licensed clinical social worker, a licensed marriage and family
3therapist, a licensed psychologist, a licensed professional clinical
4counselor, a licensed physician and surgeon, or a professional
5corporation of any of those licensed professions.

6(j) If volunteering, the associate shall provide the board with a
7letter from his or her employer verifying his or her voluntary status
8upon application for licensure.

9(k) If employed, the associate shall provide the board with copies
10of his or her W-2 tax forms for each year of experience claimed
11upon application for licensure.

12(l) While an associate may be either a paid employee or
13volunteer, employers are encouraged to provide fair remuneration
14to associates.

15(m) An associate shall not do the following:

16(1) Receive any remuneration from patients or clients and shall
17only be paid by his or her employer.

18(2) Have any proprietary interest in the employer’s business.

19(3) Lease or rent space, pay for furnishings, equipment, or
20supplies, or in any other way pay for the obligations of his or her
21employer.

22(n) An associate, whether employed or volunteering, may obtain
23supervision from a person not employed by the associate’s
24employer if that person has signed a written agreement with the
25employer to take supervisory responsibility for the associate’s
26social work services.

27(o) Notwithstanding any other provision of law, associates and
28applicants for examination shall receive a minimum of one hour
29of supervision per week for each setting in which he or she is
30working.

31

SEC. 6.  

Section 4999.46 of the Business and Professions Code,
32as amended by Section 3 of Chapter 435 of the Statutes of 2014,
33is amended to read:

34

4999.46.  

(a) To qualify for licensure as specified in Section
354999.50, applicants shall complete experience related to the
36practice of professional clinical counseling under an approved
37supervisor. The experience shall comply with the following:

38(1) A minimum of 3,000 postdegree hours of supervised
39 experience performed over a period of not less than two years (104
40weeks).

P13   1(2) Not more than 40 hours in any seven consecutive days.

2(3) Not less than 1,750 hours of direct counseling with
3individuals, groups, couples, or families in a setting described in
4Section 4999.44 using a variety of psychotherapeutic techniques
5and recognized counseling interventions within the scope of
6practice of licensed professional clinical counselors.

7(4) Not less than 150 hours of clinical experience in a hospital
8or community mental health setting, as defined in Section 1820 of
9Title 16 of the California Code of Regulations.

10(5) A maximum of 1,250 hours of nonclinical practice,
11consisting of direct supervisor contact, administering and
12evaluating psychological tests, writing clinical reports, writing
13progress or process notes, client-centered advocacy, and
14workshops, seminars, training sessions, or conferences directly
15related to professional clinical counseling that have been approved
16by the applicant’s supervisor.

17(b) An individual who submits an application for examination
18eligibility between January 1, 2016, and December 31, 2020, may
19begin delete alternatelyend deletebegin insert alternativelyend insert qualify under the experience requirements
20that were in place on January 1, 2015.

21(c) No hours of clinical mental health experience may be gained
22more than six years prior to the date the application for examination
23eligibility was filed.

24(d) An applicant shall register with the board as an intern in
25order to be credited for postdegree hours of experience toward
26licensure. Postdegree hours of experience shall be credited toward
27licensure, provided that the applicant applies for intern registration
28within 90 days of the granting of the qualifying degree and is
29registered as an intern by the board.

30(e) All applicants and interns shall be at all times under the
31supervision of a supervisor who shall be responsible for ensuring
32that the extent, kind, and quality of counseling performed is
33consistent with the training and experience of the person being
34supervised, and who shall be responsible to the board for
35 compliance with all laws, rules, and regulations governing the
36practice of professional clinical counseling.

37(f) Experience obtained under the supervision of a spouse or
38relative by blood or marriage shall not be credited toward the
39required hours of supervised experience. Experience obtained
40under the supervision of a supervisor with whom the applicant has
P14   1had or currently has a personal, professional, or business
2relationship that undermines the authority or effectiveness of the
3supervision shall not be credited toward the required hours of
4supervised experience.

5(g) Except for experience gained by attending workshops,
6seminars, training sessions, or conferences as described in
7paragraph (5) of subdivision (a), supervision shall include at least
8one hour of direct supervisor contact in each week for which
9experience is credited in each work setting.

10(1) No more than six hours of supervision, whether individual
11or group, shall be credited during any single week. This paragraph
12shall apply to supervision hours gained on or after January 1, 2009.

13(2) An intern shall receive at least one additional hour of direct
14supervisor contact for every week in which more than 10 hours of
15face-to-face psychotherapy is performed in each setting in which
16experience is gained.

17(3) For purposes of this section, “one hour of direct supervisor
18contact” means one hour of face-to-face contact on an individual
19basis or two hours of face-to-face contact in a group of not more
20than eight persons in segments lasting no less than one continuous
21hour.

22(4) Notwithstanding paragraph (3), an intern working in a
23governmental entity, a school, a college, or a university, or an
24institution that is both nonprofit and charitable, may obtain the
25required weekly direct supervisor contact via two-way, real-time
26videoconferencing. The supervisor shall be responsible for ensuring
27that client confidentiality is upheld.

28(h) This section shall become operative on January 1, 2016.



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