BILL NUMBER: AB 48 AMENDED BILL TEXT AMENDED IN SENATE JUNE 18, 1998 AMENDED IN SENATE JUNE 3, 1998 AMENDED IN SENATE JULY 10, 1997 AMENDED IN ASSEMBLY JUNE 3, 1997 AMENDED IN ASSEMBLY MAY 8, 1997 AMENDED IN ASSEMBLY MAY 1, 1997 AMENDED IN ASSEMBLY APRIL 8, 1997 AMENDED IN ASSEMBLY MARCH 31, 1997 AMENDED IN ASSEMBLY MARCH 20, 1997 INTRODUCED BY Assembly Member Wright (Principalcoauthor: Assembly Membercoauthors: Assembly Members Cardoza and Granlund) DECEMBER 2, 1996 An act to add Section 12281 to the Penal Code, relating to firearms. LEGISLATIVE COUNSEL'S DIGEST AB 48, as amended, R. Wright. Firearms: SKS rifles. Existing law prohibits any person from manufacturing, distributing, transporting, importing, possessing or offering for sale, giving, lending, or possessing, any assault weapon as defined, and requires any person who lawfully possesses an assault weapon to register the firearm within a specified period and under specified conditions. Assault weapons are defined as coming within a specified list of semiautomatic firearms or by declaration of the superior court that the weapon is an assault weapon. An "SKS with detachable magazine" is one of the designated weapons on the specified list of semiautomatic firearms. This bill would grant immunity from criminal prosecution to any person, firm, company, or corporation who is subject to prosecution under the above assault weapons law for conduct related to an SKS rifle, as defined, committed during a specified period in which there were conflicting administrative designations of that weapon, and would also provide that the designated SKS rifles are not subject to confiscation by law enforcement for violation of the above assault weapon provisions. This bill would make the immunity provisions, as defined, fully retroactive to any person, firm, company, or corporation subject to prosecution or prosecuted and convicted of violating the above provisions.The bill would also authorize any person, firm, company, or corporation who is eligible for immunity, to file a claim with the State Board of Control for damages resulting from the arrest, prosecution, or confiscation of a designated SKS rifle.The bill would require the department to notify all district attorneys of the provisions of this bill, within 3 days of the effective date of this bill, and would impose registration and notification requirements within 18 months after a decision by the California Supreme Court holding that a designated SKS rifle is an assault weapon within the meaning of the above provisions. Vote: majority. Appropriation: no. Fiscal committee: yes. State-mandated local program: no. THE PEOPLE OF THE STATE OF CALIFORNIA DO ENACT AS FOLLOWS: SECTION 1. Section 12281 is added to the Penal Code, to read: 12281. (a) Any person who, or firm, company, or corporation that, operated a retail or other commercial firm, company, or corporation, and manufactured, distributed, transported, imported, possessed, possessed for sale, offered for sale, or transferred, for commercial purpose, an SKS rifle in California between January 1, 1992, and December 19, 1997, shall be immune from criminal prosecution under Section 12280. The immunity provided in this subdivision shall apply retroactively to any person who, or firm, company, or corporation that, is or was charged by complaint or indictment with a violation of Section 12280 for conduct related to an SKS rifle, whether or not the case of that person, firm, company, or corporation is final. (b) Any person who possessed, gave, loaned, or transferred an SKS rifle in California between January 1, 1992, and the date on which a published opinion of the California Supreme Court holding that an SKS rifle is an assault weapon within the meaning of Section 12280, becomes final shall be immune from criminal prosecution under Section 12280. The immunity provided in this subdivision shall apply retroactively to any person who was charged by complaint or indictment with a violation of Section 12280 for conduct related to an SKS rifle, whether or not the case of that person is final. (c) Any SKS rifle in the possession of any person who, or firm, company, or corporation that, is described in subdivision (a) or (b), shall not be subject to seizure by law enforcement for violation of Section 12280, until the date on which a published opinion of the California Supreme Court holding that an SKS rifle is an assault weapon within the meaning of Section 12280, becomes final. (d) Any person, firm, company, or corporation, convicted under Section 12280 for conduct relating to an SKS rifle, shall be permitted to withdraw his or her plea of guilty or nolo contendere, or to reopen his or her case and assert the immunities provided in this section, if the court determines that the allowance of the immunity is in the interests of justice. The court shall interpret this section liberally to the benefit of the defendant.(e) Any person who, or firm, company, or corporation that, was charged with a violation of Section 12280 for conduct related to an SKS rifle, who is entitled to immunity under subdivision (a) or (b), and has suffered any damages as a result of an arrest, prosecution, seizure, or confiscation of an SKS rifle, may file a claim with the State Board of Control, for all related costs and fees, including, but not limited to, the costs of posting bail, arrest, attorney's fees, attempted prosecution, prosecution, confiscation of the SKS rifles by law enforcement, or seeking relief under this section. (f)(e) (1) The Department of Justice shall notify all district attorneys within three days of the effective date of this section, of the provisions of this section. The department shall identify all criminal prosecutions in the state for conduct related to SKS rifles within 90 days of the effective date of this section. In all cases so identified by the Attorney General, the district attorneys shall inform defense counsel, or the defendant if the defendant is in propria persona, in writing, of the provisions of this section within 120 days of the effective date of this section. (2) The Department of Justice shall survey local, state, and federal law enforcement agencies within 180 days of the Supreme Court' s determination of the registration status of the SKS rifles to determine if the SKS rifles described in subdivision(h)(g) have been confiscatedwithout charges being filed. If the use to which the rifle was being put was otherwise lawful at the time of the seizure, and the seizure occurred only because the SKS rifle was not registered, the lawful owner shall be entitled to compensation as described in subdivision (e). Thewithout charges being filed. The Department of Justice shall use its automated data bases to locate and notify the owners of SKS rifles whose rifles were confiscated under the circumstances described in this paragraph that a claim for compensation may be filed with the State Board of Control. All notifications shall occur within one year of the Department's initial notification of district attorneys described insubdivision (f). (g)this subdivision. (f) Any person who, or firm, company, or corporation that is in possession of an SKS rifle shall be permitted and required to register, or otherwise dispose of the SKS rifle, as permitted by Section 12285 within 18 months of a final published decision by the California Supreme Court holding that an SKS rifle is an assault weapon within the meaning of paragraph (11) of subdivision (a) of Section 12276. If registration is required under this subdivision, the Department of Justice shall conduct a public education and notification program as described in Section 12289, commencing no later than 60 days after the decision of the California Supreme Court becomes final.(h)(g) An "SKS rifle" under this section, means all SKS rifles that were deemed by the Department of Justice, pursuant to its interpretation that was in effect between January 1, 1992, and December 19, 1997, that SKS rifles manufactured with a fixed magazine but retrofitted to accept a detachable magazine, and SKS rifles commonly referred to as "SKS Sporter" versions, manufactured to accept a detachable magazine and imported into this state after January 1, 1992, are not "assault weapons" under paragraph (11) of subdivision (a) of Section 12276. SEC. 2. The Legislature hereby finds and declares the following: The Roberti-Roos Assault Weapons Control Act (AWCA) was passed in 1989, and became operative on January 1, 1991. That act contained a specific list of rifles defined as "assault weapons" and identified by the manufacturer's name and model. Those rifles that are defined as "assault weapons" are prohibited from sale in California. Individuals in possession of these firearms are required to register them with the Department of Justice. Among the rifles requiring registration is a model known as the "SKS with detachable magazine." The SKS model "with a fixed magazine," however, is not on the "assault weapons" list since only an SKS with a detachable magazine is required to be registered. In 1992, a new rifle came on the market known as the "SKS Sporter" which is designed to accept a detachable magazine. Since the firearms appeared after the implementation date of AWCA, it could not be registered. Questions were raised about whether this new version of the SKS was required to be a registered firearm under AWCA. In January of 1992, the Department of Justice began informing the firearms industry and retail buyers that the SKS was not regulated by the AWCA even though it contained a detachable magazine. The department reasoned that the "SKS Sporter" was a new firearm because it was not mentioned specifically by name in the statute. The department also made clear that the original "SKS with a fixed magazine," which was not on the AWCA list, could still be sold even though a new detachable magazine was on the market that allowed this firearm to be converted to an SKS rifle with a detachable magazine. Between 1987 and 1997, at least three hundred thousand SKS rifles with fixed magazines were sold in California. Between 1992 and 1996, more than five million detachable SKS magazines were produced and sold in California allowing the SKS rifles with fixed magazines to be converted to accept a detachable magazine. In September of 1996, the Attorney General filed an amicus curiae brief on behalf of the defendant in People v. Dingman, involving an SKS detachable magazine, and requested the California Supreme Court to review the decision of the Court of Appeal. Chief Deputy Attorney General Stirling, in his brief, explained that "(t)he impact of the court's opinion cannot be overstated because of the millions of SKS rifles and aftermarket magazines currently in circulation. Tens of thousands of California citizens may become criminal simply by using a perfectly lawful rifle with a lawfully purchased magazine without adequate notice that such activity brings them within the proscriptions of the AWCA." In September of 1997, the Attorney General suddenly withdrew his amicus curiae brief in support of the defendant in People v. Dingman, stating that it now "inaccurately reflects the view of the Attorney General." In November of 1997, the Department of Justice advised, in a mailing to 350 potential owners of SKS Sporters and SKS with detachable aftermarket magazines, that the department's position had changed and those rifles are now considered assault weapons and "must be relinquished to a local police or sheriff's department." On December 19, 1997, the Department of Justice notified licensed firearm dealers and law enforcement officials about its revised position on the SKS rifle. There have been at least 10current and or attemptedprosecutions for violation of the AWCA as a result of the revised position of the Department of Justice. Tens of thousands of, if not several hundred thousand, innocent people are now at risk of criminal prosecution, and all the related costs, time, and trauma because they detrimentally relied on the representation of the Department of Justice that the SKS Sporter and the detachable magazine for the SKS were legal purchases under current law. All Californians have a right to rely on the representations of their elected leaders and agency heads without the risk of criminal prosecution and loss of property. It is the intent of this act to make immune from criminal prosecution and any risk of injustice to those individuals or businesses who relied directly or indirectly on the representations of the Department of Justice regarding the SKS Sporter and or detachable magazine for the SKS.