BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    






               SENATE COMMITTEE ON EDUCATION
                     Dede Alpert, Chair
                 1999-2000 Regular Session
                              

BILL NO:       AB 537
AUTHOR:        Kuehl
AMENDED:       August 31, 1999
FISCAL COMM:   Yes            HEARING DATE:  September 1,  
1999
URGENCY:       No             CONSULTANT:Scott P. Plotkin

  SPECIAL NOTE :  This bill was previously heard by the Senate  
Education Committee on July 14, 1999, and was passed by a  
vote of 9 ayes, 4 noes.  At that time it was authored by  
Assembly Member Aroner, and was relative to school district  
transportation.

In the Senate Appropriations Committee the bill was  
completely amended and the author was changed to Assembly  
Member Kuehl.  After the bill was amended, it was  
re-referred to the Senate Education Committee for review  
and action.

  SUMMARY  

This bill establishes the California Student Safety and  
Violence Prevention Act of 2000, which adds sexual  
orientation as a prohibited basis for discrimination in  
instructional services and programs.

  BACKGROUND 

Existing law:

1)   Prohibits discrimination on the basis of sex, ethnic  
     group identification, race, national origin, religion,  
     color, or mental or physical disability in any program  
     or activity conducted by public or private schools  
     (religious schools are exempt) and postsecondary  
     institutions that accept public funds or enroll  
     students who receive state student financial aid. 

2)   Exempts educational institutions controlled by a  
     religious organization from prohibitions against  
     discrimination if the application of those  




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     prohibitions would not be consistent with the  
     religious tenets of that organization.

  ANALYSIS  

  This bill  establishes the California Student Safety and  
Violence Prevention Act of 2000, which adds sexual  
orientation as a prohibited basis for discrimination in  
instructional services and programs.  Specifically, this  
bill:

1)   Adds sexual orientation as a prohibited basis for  
     discrimination in any
program or activity conducted by public or private schools  
     (religious schools are exempt) and postsecondary  
     institutions that accept public funds or enroll  
     students who receive state student financial aid.

2)   Makes legislative findings relative to violence among  
     young people, the need for safe, secure and peaceful  
     schools, and the issue of violent discrimination and  
     teen suicide.

  STAFF COMMENTS  

  1)   Need for the bill  .  According to the author, AB 537  
     "is necessary to prevent discrimination and harassment  
     against gay and lesbian students and those students  
     perceived to be gay or lesbian.  Anti-gay violence and  
     harassment affects all youth.  In a survey funded by  
     the Center for Diseases Control of over 8,000 high  
     school students, one in thirteen students had been  
     attacked or harassed because they were perceived to be  
     gay.  Four out of five of those students attacked or  
     harassed for being perceived to be gay were actually  
     heterosexual.  Like their gay and lesbian peers,  
     straight youth who are assaulted or harassed, because  
     they are thought to be gay or lesbian, are also at  
     greater risk of dropping out of school or committing  
     suicide.  Recent data also indicates that violence  
     against gay and lesbian youth and those perceived to  
     be gay or lesbian seems to be escalating.  As a  
     society we all pay the price when young people are  
     assaulted and told in subtle and not so subtle ways  
     that their lives are worthless.  AB 537 simply ensures  
     that all students have access to an education free  




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     from intimidation, violence, and fear."

  2)   How is the bill different from AB 222  ?  As noted  
     earlier, this bill is similar to AB 222 (Kuehl), which  
     failed passage in the Assembly earlier this session.   
     The provisions of AB 537 differ from AB 222 in that it  
     is a more narrowly drawn set of prohibitions against  
     discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation.  AB  
     222 had a more ambitious set of objectives, which  
     included the prohibition of discrimination on the  
     basis of sexual orientation in the areas of employment  
     in education, and the operation of alternative  
     schools, charter schools, or interscholastic  
     athletics.

  3)   Arguments in support  .  According to the California  
     Child, Youth and Family Coalition, "This basis of  
     discrimination is not simply a 'gay and lesbian  
     issue.'  Discrimination in any form poisons the  
     environment of the public schools and undermines basic  
     principles of justice.  When students are permitted to  
     express fear and hatred toward any group, they learn  
     the wrong lesson.  They learn that freedom is a  
     'sometime thing,' available only to those in the safe  
     majority.  They learn that intolerance is tolerated.   
     They learn to hide their own vulnerabilities.  And,  
     perhaps most devastating for communities as a whole,  
     students who are permitted to practice persecution in  
     school become more comfortable with the part of their  
     natures that is least compassionate, least human.  In  
     the end, a 

young person who is permitted to do wrong learns, not only  
     to love others less, but to find less to love in  
     himself or herself."

  4)   Arguments in opposition  .  According to the Traditional  
     Values Coalition in their opposition to AB 222,  
     "Administrators already have the legal authority to  
     prevent harassment of any student for any reason,  
     including perceived homosexuality.  The authority has  
     been given to use textbooks, curriculum, etc. to teach  
     against harassment and violence for any   reason.  . .  
     .  By specifically teaching the acceptance of  
     homosexuality to children who themselves believe and  
     their parents believe is wrong, this bill will  




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     directly challenge the strongly held religious  
     beliefs.  The implementation of (AB 222) will result  
     in religious-based harassment of many students.   
     Students are told by teachers that homosexuality is  
     legally equivalent with homosexuality and opposing it  
     is homophobic.  They will be called homophobes by  
     other students and teachers.  This is harassment.   
     They are made to feel that their religiously held  
     beliefs are inferior."

  5)   Legislative history  .  As noted earlier, portions of  
     this bill were contained in AB 222 (Kuehl), failed  
     passage on June 4, 1999 on the Assembly Floor by a  
     vote of 40 ayes, 38 noes.

AB 101 (Kuehl) of last session added sexual orientation as  
     a prohibited basis of discrimination in instructional  
     services and programs.  That bill failed passage on  
     the Assembly Floor.  AB 1001 (Kuehl) of 1995 added  
     sexual orientation as a prohibited basis of  
     discrimination in instructional services and programs.  
      That bill failed passage in the Assembly Education  
     Committee.

  SPECIAL NOTE ON SUPPORT AND OPPOSITION  :  According to the  
Analysis prepared by the Assembly Committee on Education  
relative to   AB 222 (Kuehl), considerable support and  
opposition was received and noted for the record.  However,  
as of this writing, no support or opposition has been  
formally received on this version of AB 537.

  SUPPORT  

None received on this version of the bill.

  OPPOSITION  

None received on this portion of the bill.