BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    



                                                                  AB 678
                                                                  Page  1

          ASSEMBLY THIRD READING
          AB 678 (Papan)
          As Amended May 1, 2001
          Majority vote 

           JUDICIARY           8 -0        BUSINESS & PROFESSIONS            
            10-0                          
           
           ----------------------------------------------------------------- 
          |Ayes:|Steinberg, Bates,         |Ayes:|Correa, Bogh, Cedillo,    |
          |     |Corbett, Dutra, Harman,   |     |Chavez, Corbett, Kelley,  |
          |     |Longville, Shelley, Wayne |     |Leach, Cardoza, Nation,   |
          |     |                          |     |Wesson                    |
          |-----+--------------------------+-----+--------------------------|
          |     |                          |     |                          |
           ----------------------------------------------------------------- 
          SUMMARY  :  Seeks to authorize persons who use the services of an  
          unlicensed contractor to bring an action to recover all  
          compensation paid to the unlicensed contractor for performance  
          of any act or contract unless the person knew that the  
          contractor was unlicensed prior to making any payments to the  
          contractor.  
           
           EXISTING LAW  : 

          1)Prohibits unlicensed contractors from bringing an action to  
            collect compensation for the performance of any act or  
            contract, regardless of the merits of the cause of action  
            brought by the unlicensed individual. 

          2)Requires anyone who contracts to do construction work to be  
            licensed by the Contractors' State License Board if the total  
            price of the job is $500 or more and provides that contracting  
            without a license shall be a misdemeanor. 

           FISCAL EFFECT  :   None 

           COMMENTS  :   This bill, sponsored by Judge Quentin Kopp, would  
          specifically allow an individual who had used the services of an  
          unlicensed contractor to bring an action to recover all  
          compensation already paid to the unlicensed contractor for  
          performance of any act or contract, unless the person knew that  
          the contractor was unlicensed prior to making any payments to  
          the contractor.  In commenting on the need for this bill, the  
          author states:








                                                                  AB 678
                                                                  Page  2


               Our state's policy since 1939 reflects in Section 7031 of  
               the Business and Professions Code the intent of the  
               Legislature that the public be protected from unqualified  
               contractors.  Since 1939, a contractor must be licensed by  
               the state in order to recover the value of services  
               rendered with or without a written contract.  Licensing  
               requirements provide minimal assurance that all persons  
               furnishing construction services in our state possess the  
               requisite skill and character, understand pertinent local  
               laws and codes, and know the rudiments of administering a  
               contracting business.  The Legislature had determined that  
               the importance of deterring unlicensed persons from  
               engaging in the building or contracting business outweighs  
               any harshness to an unlicensed party who provides services  
               and then cannot collect compensation. 

          According to the sponsor, this bill is intended to address the  
          recent case of  Cooper v. Westbrook Torrey Hills, LP  (2000) 81  
          Cal. App. 4th 1294, in which the court, in an unpublished  
          portion of the opinion, referred to the Business and Professions  
          Code, Section 7031(a) prohibiting an unlicensed contractor from  
          recovering fees, but not requiring any refund of compensation  
          already paid to the contractor.   Cooper  relied on  Culbertson v.  
          Cizek  (1964) 225 Cal. App. 2d 451, 473, in which the court  
          permitted the unlicensed contractor to offset "as a defense  
          against sums due the plaintiffs any amounts that would otherwise  
          be due Cizek under his contract."  This bill is intended to  
          clearly state that those using the services of unlicensed  
          contractors are entitled to bring an action for recovery of  
          compensation paid.  

          The sponsor further explains the purpose of this bill, stating:

               Section 7031(a) of [the Business and Professions] code  
               requires any contractor suing for money due on a  
               construction contract to allege that he or she was a duly  
               licensed contractor at all times during performance of the  
               work or contract.  In AB No. 678, the question has been  
               raised as to whether a person for whom work was performed  
               by an unlicensed contractor would be entitled to recover  
               compensation paid the unlicensed contractor  if the person  
               receiving the services knew the contractor was unlicensed  .   
               By a parity of reasoning from the state of the law  
               respecting Section 7031(a), knowledge of the status of an  








                                                                  AB 678
                                                                  Page  3

               unlicensed contractor is irrelevant to the recovery of  
               compensation  from the unlicensed contractor.  California  
               courts have unmistakably ruled that in any action by an  
               unlicensed contractor to recover for the value of a  
               contractor's services rendered or contractual provision,  
               the unlicensed contractor cannot recover money  even if the  
               person for whom the work was performed knew the contractor  
               was unlicensed.    Hydrotech Systems, Ltd. v. Oasis Waterpark   
               (1991) 52 Cal. 3d 988, 997-998;  Vallejo Development Co. v.  
               Beck Development Co., Inc.  (1994) 24 Cal. App. 4th 929,  
               941;  see   also  Pickens v. American Mortgage Exchange  (1969)  
               269 Cal. App. 2d 299, 302 and  Cash v. Blackett  (1948) 87  
               Cal. App. 2d 233. ?

               AB No. 678 constitutes an additional and consistent  
               legislative determination that such deterrence can best be  
               realized by compelling violators to return all compensation  
               received from providing their unlicensed services.  That  
               rationale is reflected in the judicial decisions involving  
               rejected attempts by unlicensed contractors to obtain  
               payment based on knowledge of their unlicensed status by  
               persons sued for non-payment of services rendered.  That  
               policy is furthered in AB No. 678 by specifically  
               recognizing the capacity of an owner to recover money  
               already paid an unlicensed contractor, even if the person  
               knew the contractor was unlicensed.  (Emphasis in  
               original.)


           Analysis Prepared by  :    Saskia Kim / JUD. / (916) 319-2334 


                                                                FN: 0000626