BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    



                                                               
         AB 1600
                                                                Page  1

        CONCURRENCE IN SENATE AMENDMENTS
        AB 1600 (Keeley)
        As Amended September 7, 2001
        Majority vote
         
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        |ASSEMBLY:  |     |(June 6, 2001)  |SENATE: |23-12|(September 12, |
        |           |     |                |        |     |2001)          |
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                  (vote not relevant)


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        |COMMITTEE VOTE:  |7-3  |(September 13,      |RECOMMENDATION: |concur    |
        |                 |     |2001)               |                |          |
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        Original Committee Reference:    HEALTH  

         SUMMARY  : Allows for enforcement of existing statutory obligations  
        respecting health care service plans (licensees).  Specifically,  
         this bill  : 

        1)Expressly authorizes a private right of action for equitable  
          relief from violations of the Knox-Keene Act, except as to an  
          enrollee or subscriber's individual grievance under specified  
          sections, provided that administrative remedies of the Department  
          of Managed Health Care (DMHC) have first been exhausted.

        2)Provides for the continuation of health service contracts that  
          expire during the pendency of an action respecting the contract  
          in order to ensure continuing care to enrollees or subscribers.

        3)Prohibits retaliation by licensees against persons who exercise  
          their rights under the bill.

        4)Prohibits licensees from seeking or obtaining waiver of the  
          rights provided under the bill or indemnification for liability  
          for violation.

         Senate amendments  delete the Assembly-approved version of this bill  
        and insert the above-described provisions.

         AS PASSED BY THE ASSEMBLY  , this bill provided an exemption from  








                                                               
         AB 1600
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        federal antitrust laws to allow health care providers, as a class,  
        to renegotiate contracts with health care service plans. 

         EXISTING LAW:  

        1)Regulates health care providers and health care service plans  
          under the Knox-Keene Act.  (Health and Safety Code section 1340  
          et seq.  All further statutory references are to this code unless  
          otherwise noted.

        2)Sets forth the intent of the Legislature to ensure that  
          California residents receive high-quality health care coverage in  
          the most efficient and cost-effective manner possible.  (Section  
          1342.6; Business and Professions Code section 16770.)

        3)Provides that all contracts between a health care service plan  
          and health care providers shall be fair and reasonable, and shall  
          contain provisions requiring a fast, fair, and cost-effective  
          dispute resolution mechanism under which providers may submit  
          disputes to the plan.  (Section 1367.)

        4)Requires each health care service plan to ensure that its dispute  
          resolution mechanism is accessible to non-contracting providers  
          for the purpose of resolving billing and claims disputes.   
          (Section 1367.)

        5)Requires DMHC, on or before July 1, 2001, to adopt regulations to  
          ensure that plans have adopted a dispute resolution mechanism  
          that is fair, fast, and cost-effective for contracting and  
          non-contracting providers.  DMHC shall report to the Legislature  
          on or before December 31, 2001 on recommendations for any  
          additional statutory provisions which are necessary relating to  
          plan and provider dispute resolution mechanisms.  (Section  
          1371.38.)

        6)Otherwise governs the relationship between providers, enrollees  
          and subscribers, and between them and the plan and authorizes a  
          private right of action for damages and equitable relief for  
          breach of a plan's duty of care to arrange for the provision of  
          medical care under specified conditions.  (Civil Code section  
          3428.) 

         FISCAL EFFECT  :  According to the Senate Appropriations Committee  
        analysis, although DMHC does not have any specific estimates for  








                                                               
         AB 1600
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        the costs of this bill, it believes that there could be significant  
        costs associated with the costs of litigation in those instances  
        where DMHC is compelled to intervene as the enforcer of the Act.   
        DMHC support costs are entirely offset by license fee revenue from  
        the health care service plans.  There could also be some increased  
        costs for health care plan capitated rates under the California  
        Public Employees Retirement System (CalPERS), Medi-Cal and Healthy  
        Families programs, if there is a significant increase in the costs  
        of litigation to the plans.  On the other hand, there may be a  
        significant deterrent effect resulting in less litigation. 
         
        COMMENTS  :  According to the author, health care providers are being  
        economically squeezed by health plans and need better ability to  
        enforce the obligation of Knox-Keene to obtain fair contracts.   
        According to the California Medical Association (CMA), health plans  
        have the ability to offer provider contracts on a "take-it or  
        leave-it" basis.  CMA asserts that four or five health plans  
        control over 80 percent of the market not served by Kaiser, giving  
        them the market power to insist that providers accept contract  
        terms that are unfair, unreasonable and harmful to patient care.   
        The Knox-Keene Act recognizes the potential disparity in bargaining  
        power by requiring that plan-provider contracts be fair and  
        reasonable.  However, the Act provides no explicit mechanism for  
        enforcing this obligation.  Moreover, DMHC has declined to get  
        involved in this issue. Lacking a means for enforcement, these  
        violations of the Knox-Keene Act are effectively a wrong without a  
        remedy.  Provision of an express right to enforce the law removes  
        any ambiguity.  This bill would allow providers as well as  
        enrollees to seek equitable relief in order to protect their rights  
        under current law.  Anyone attempting to bring an action would  
        first be required to exhaust all available administrative remedies  
        of the DMHC.  Only equitable actions would be permissible under the  
        bill.  No suit of any kind would be permissible regarding a patient  
        or subscriber's complaint that is subject to the existing internal  
        grievance or independent external review process under the  
        specified sections of the Knox-Keene Act. 

         Analysis Prepared by  :  Kevin G. Baker / (916) 319-2334


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