BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    






                         SENATE COMMITTEE ON EDUCATION
                            John Vasconcellos, Chair
                           2001-2002 Regular Session
                                        

          BILL NO:       SB 963
          AUTHOR:        Vincent
          INTRODUCED:    February 23, 2001
          FISCAL COMM:   Yes            HEARING DATE:  April 4, 2001
          URGENCY:       No             CONSULTANT:Scott P. Plotkin


           SUBJECT  :  Access to Pupil Records
          
           SUMMARY  

          This bill provides that probation officers may receive  
          access to pupil records for the purposes of casework  
          planning and monitoring wards and probationers.

           NEED FOR THE BILL  

          According to the sponsor, without current pupil  
          information, probation officers cannot develop the best  
          casework plans or accurately monitor the academic progress  
          of wards or probationers.

           BACKGROUND  

          Existing law:

          1)   Prohibits a school district from permitting access to  
               student records to any person without written parental  
               consent or under judicial order, with the following  
               exceptions:

               a)        School officials and employees of the  
                    district, members of a SARB, provided the person  
                    has a legitimate educational interest to inspect  
                    record;

               b)        Officials and employees of other public  
                    schools or school systems where the student  
                    intends to or is directed to enroll, subject to  
                    specified parental rights to receive a copy of  
                    the record and a right to a hearing to challenge  




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                    the content of the record;

               c)        Authorized representatives of the  
                    Comptroller General of the United States, the  
                    Secretary of Health, Education and Welfare, and  
                    administrative head of an education agency, state  
                    education officials, or the United States Office  
                    of Civil Rights, where the information is  
                    necessary to audit or evaluate a state or  
                    federally supported education program;

               d)        Other state and local officials to the  
                    extent that information is specifically required  
                    to be reported pursuant to state law adopted  
                    prior to November 19, 1974;

               e)        Parents of a student 18 years or older who  
                    is a dependent as defined by the Internal Revenue  
                    Code;

               f)        A student 16 years or older or having  
                    completed the 10th  grade who requests access;

               g)        Any district attorney who is participating  
                    in or conducting a truancy mediation program or  
                    participating in the presentation of evidence in  
                    a truancy petition;

               h)        A prosecuting agency for consideration  
                    against a parent or guardian for failure to  
                    comply with the Compulsory Education Law or with  
                    Compulsory Continuation Education; or,

               i)        Any probation officer or district attorney  
                    for the purposes of conducting a criminal  
                    investigation or an investigation in regards to  
                    declaring a person a ward of the court or  
                    involving a violation of a condition of  
                    probation. 

               j)        Any judge or probation officer for the  
                    purpose of conducting a truancy mediation program  
                    for a pupil, or for purposes of presenting  
                    evidence in a truancy petition (added by AB 42 -  
                    Zettel; Chapter 222, Statutes of 2000).





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           ANALYSIS  

           This bill  provides that probation officers may receive  
          access to pupil records for the purposes of casework  
          planning and monitoring wards and probationers.  In  
          addition, the bill provides:

          1)   The probation officer shall certify in writing to the  
               school district that the information will be used only  
               for case planning and monitoring purposes.

          2)   The school district shall provide the requested  
               information to the probation officer within three  
               working days.

          3)   The school district shall inform, or provide written  
               notification to, the parent or guardian of the pupil  
               within 24 hours of the release of the information.

           STAFF COMMENTS  

           1)   Need for the bill  .  The sponsors of this bill, the Los  
               Angeles County Board of Supervisors, believe that  
               probation officers should have access to pupil records  
               because they cannot develop the best casework plans or  
               accurately monitor the academic progress of wards or  
               probationers.  Pupil information would "let a  
               probation officer know whether a casework plan should  
               focus resources on academic needs or if focus should  
               be on areas outside of the school."

          In addition, the sponsors believe that monitoring of pupil  
               information will allow probation officers to modify a  
               plan on a timely basis, if a ward or probationer  
               starts to decline academically.  
           
           1)   Bill mirrors provisions of 2000 Act; but has a  
               deadline for compliance  .  The language of this bill is  
               similar to the language in AB 42 (Zettel - Chapter  
               222, Statutes of 2000), which authorized access to  
               pupil records to any judge or probation officer for  
               the purpose of conducting a truancy mediation program  
               for a pupil, or for purposes of presenting evidence in  
               a truancy petition.

          The only difference is that this bill requires that school  




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               districts provide the requested information to the  
               requesting probation officer within  three   working  
               days  .  Considering that pupil records are usually held  
               at the school sites, is it reasonable to expect a  
               pupil record to be made available through the district  
               chain of command in three days?  Since the records are  
               being used in casework planning and monitoring, not as  
               part of a criminal investigation, a longer period may  
               be in order.  Therefore, staff recommends that the  
               bill be amended to provide that the deadline for  
               compliance either be  deleted  , or that the request for  
               pupil records be within  five working days  .  

           2)   Is this access to pupil records warranted  ?  As a  
               matter of policy and state law, access to pupil  
               records is carefully restricted.  It is supposed to be  
               difficult to access these records, and only for  
               compelling reasons, as provided for in the exceptions  
               in current law.  The law clearly provides that should  
               a probation officer or district attorney be  
               investigating a violation of a condition of probation  
               - which is a key element of the casework plan and  
               monitoring activity - then access to pupil records is  
               permitted (Section 49076 (a)(9)).  Does this bill  
               permit an open-ended review of records without any  
               suspicion of violation being necessary?

           3)   How much further should the access be permitted  ?  In  
               view of the concerns raised in Staff Comment #3,  
               above, how much further access to pupil records be  
               permitted without some compelling, legal  
               justification?  

          For example, the Committee has received correspondence from  
               the County Welfare Directors Association of California  
               (CWDA), asking that the bill be amended to allow child  
               welfare workers access to pupil records, because they  
               also are responsible for case planning and monitoring.  
                The CWDA asserts that the "inability to access vital  
               education [records] makes educational case management  
               very difficult, contributing to the poor educational  
               outcomes of many wards and dependents." 

           4)   Is access to pupil records helpful in addressing the  
               needs of the "whole" child  ?  Notwithstanding the  
               concerns raised above and by organizations that have  




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               contacted the Committee, it has been noted over the  
               years that it sometimes requires the efforts of  
               multiple agencies to support at risk children, and  
               there can be no doubt that pupils who are wards of the  
               court or on probation are, by definition, at risk.   
               This bill may be an appropriate exception to the pupil  
               record confidentiality laws in order to insure that  
               these pupils are kept "on track."

          SUPPORT  

          California Probation, Parole, and Correctional Association
          Los Angeles County Board of Supervisors (sponsor)

           OPPOSITION  

          None received