BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    






          
                SENATE HOUSING & COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT COMMITTEE
                      Senator Denise Moreno Ducheny, Chair


          Bill No:                             AB 269 Hearing:June  
          21, 2004
          Author:                              MullinFiscal:Yes
          Version:                              As proposed to be  
          amended                              Consultant:Mark  
          Stivers

                POOLING REDEVELOPMENT FUNDS IN SAN MATEO COUNTY

           Background and Existing Law  :

          Under the Community Redevelopment Law (CRL), redevelopment  
          agencies must set aside 20% of their annual property tax  
          increment revenues in a Low and Moderate Income Housing  
          Fund (L&M Fund) to increase, improve, and preserve  
          affordable housing.  L&M Funds can be used to buy land,  
          build structures, buy buildings, rehabilitate buildings,  
          subsidize housing, pay bonds or other indebtedness,  
          maintain mobilehomes, preserve subsidized units, replace  
          destroyed housing units, and other related uses.

          Article XVI, Section 16 of the California Constitution  
          provides that tax increment which accrues to a  
          redevelopment agency must be used to pay indebtedness to  
          finance the "redevelopment project."  As a general rule,  
          this is interpreted to mean that the use of tax increment  
          must benefit the project area.  However, state law  
          specifically allows for L&M funds to be spent inside or  
          outside a project area, but within the territorial  
          jurisdiction of the agency, upon a finding that the use  
          will be of benefit to the project.  This finding is  
          considered final and conclusive.

          Current law also contains a number of exceptions to the  
          rule that L&M funds must be spent within the jurisdiction.

           There is a general statute that, until January 1, 2008,  
            allows contiguous redevelopment agencies located within  
            adjoining cities within a single Metropolitan Statistical  
            Area to participate in a joint powers authority (JPA) for  
            the purpose of pooling their L&M funds for affordable  




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            housing uses.
           The Contra Costa County Redevelopment Agency may use its  
            L&M funds within the incorporated limits of the City of  
            Walnut Creek on sites contiguous to the Pleasant Hill  
            BART Station Area Redevelopment Project area.
           The Orange County Development Agency may use its L&M  
            funds within the incorporated limits of any city within  
            the County of Orange.
           The County of Solano and the Cities of Fairfield, Suisun  
            City and Vacaville may create a joint powers agency for  
            the purpose of pooling L&M funds in order to provide  
            housing for the retention of Travis Air Force Base.

          Each of these exceptions is subject to a number of  
          conditions that ensure the efficient and beneficial use of  
          the funds and that the expenditure outside the jurisdiction  
          will not result in racial or economic segregation.  Among  
          the conditions common to two or more of the exceptions are:

           The community has an up-to-date housing element that has  
            been approved by HCD.
           The agency has met at least 50% of its share of the  
            regional housing need for very low and low-income  
            households.
           The agency has met its replacement housing need or  
            encumbered and contractually committed sufficient funds  
            to meet these requirements
           Funds may only be used to pay for the direct costs of  
            constructing, substantially rehabilitating, or preserving  
            the affordability of housing units and not for planning  
            and administration or offsite improvements.
           The funds may only be used to finance housing that is  
            affordable to very low and low-income households.
           The funds may not be spent in an area that has more than  
            50% minority or low-income.
           The development to be funded shall not result in any  
            residential displacement from the site where the  
            development is to be built.
           If less than all the units in the development are  
            affordable to, and occupied by, low- or moderate-income  
            persons, any agency assistance may not exceed the amount  
            needed to make the housing affordable to, and occupied  
            by, low- or moderate-income persons.
           HCD shall review each use of funds for compliance.

          With respect to individual exceptions, the following  




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          conditions also apply, among others:

           The agency does not have an indebtedness to its L&M fund.
           The agency is not subject to sanctions for failure to  
            expend or encumber a housing fund excess surplus.
           The city in which the development will occur has approved  
            the agency's use of funds.
           The aggregate number of units assisted shall include at  
            least 10 percent that are affordable to extremely low  
            income households and 40 percent that are affordable to  
            very low income households.
           The agency must make a finding that no other reasonable  
            means of financing the housing is available in sufficient  
            amount.
           The agency shall transfer more than 50% its L&M funds.

           Proposed Law  :

          Assembly Bill 269 allows any redevelopment agency within  
          San Mateo County to participate in a joint powers authority  
          for the purpose of pooling L&M funds subject to the  
          following conditions:

          Eligibility to participate

           The host jurisdiction of the agency must have a housing  
            element that is current and that has been certified by  
            HCD.
           The host jurisdiction has met ___ percent of its regional  
            housing need for low and very low income households in  
            the current or previous housing element cycle.
           The agency must not owe money to its L&M fund.
           The agency must have met its replacement housing  
            obligation or contractually committed funds to meet those  
            obligations.
          Transfer of funds

           No more than 25% of the agency's L&M funds may be  
            transferred to the JPA.
           Each participating agency must hold a public hearing at  
            least 45 days prior to the transfer of L&M funds to the  
            JPA.

          Expenditure of funds by the JPA

           Funds must be used within 1/3 mile of El Camino Real on  




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            property provided by the San Mateo County Transit  
            Authority.
           Funds may only be used for the direct costs of  
            constructing, substantially rehabilitating, or preserving  
            the affordability of low and very low income housing.
           Funds may not be used for planning and admin costs,  
            offsite improvements, or fees or exactions levied solely  
            on funded projects.
           The JPA shall make a finding that each proposed use of  
            funds will not exacerbate racial or social segregation.
           HCD must verify each proposed use of funds to ensure  
            compliance with the provisions of this bill.
           The JPA must expend or encumber and transferred funds  
            within two years.  If not, the funds are returned to the  
            donor agency and deemed excess surplus.
           The JPA must submit an annual report to HCD documenting  
            funds received and funds allocated or expended.
           The JPA is subject to the replacement housing  
            requirements, relocation requirements, and all other  
            provisions that would otherwise apply to the use of L&M  
            funds by the agency directly.

          The bill provides that no new JPA may be created nor  
          additional funds received by an existing JPA after January  
          1, 2009.  The bill sunsets on January 1, 2010.

           Comments  :

          1.   Purpose of the bill  .

          2.   Specifics preferred  .  Historically, the Legislature has  
          been more willing to support expenditures outside an  
          agency's jurisdiction when the specifics of the project are  
          known, as they were in Walnut Creek.  Granting general  
          authority to pool or transfer funds raises concerns about  
          overconcentration of affordable housing and the ability to  
          hold individual agencies accountable for the expenditure of  
          L&M funds.  This bill limits the use of pooled funds to  
          projects within 1/3 mile of El Camino Real on property  
          provided by SMCTA, yet it is unclear whether or not any  
          specific development have been proposed.  The committee may  
          wish to consider whether or not there should be more  
          specifics about the developments to be funded before  
          granting special pooling authority.
           
           3.   How does this differ from existing law?   Current law  




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          already allows contiguous agencies to pool housing  
          resources and spend them in any of the participating  
          jurisdictions.  While this bill copies many of the  
          requirements from the pooling statute, there are two  
          differences, one that relates to the community's record in  
          producing affordable housing and the other to where pooled  
          funds may be spent.  The current pooling statute requires  
          that a community have met 50% of its low and very low  
          income housing need.  This bill would lower that percentage  
          to ___.  The current pooling statute requires that funds  
          only be spent in the participating jurisdictions.  The bill  
          requires that the funds be spent within 1/3 mile of El  
          Camino Real on SMCTA property but is silent on whether or  
          not it must be within a participating jurisdiction.  The  
          committee may wish to consider whether relaxing current law  
          in these two respects is advisable.
          
          4.   Protecting against overconcentrations of affordable  
          housing  .  One of the historical concerns about spending L&M  
          funds outside a jurisdiction is that new affordable housing  
          will be concentrated in low-income and minority communities  
          rather than dispersed throughout all communities.  While  
          the provisions of this bill on this topic are identical to  
          current pooling law, they simply require the JPA to make a  
          finding prior to each proposed expenditure of funds that  
          the use will not exacerbate racial or economic segregation.  
           To the extent that there are no standards for such a  
          finding, it is unclear what protection this provides  
          against overconcentration.  The committee may wish to  
          consider a more direct protection by prohibiting the use of  
          pooled funds in an area that has more than 50% minority or  
          low-income population.
          
          5.   Constitutional questions  .  The California Constitution  
          allows redevelopment agencies to collect tax increment to  
          cure blight within a project area.  Via statute, the  
          Legislature has deemed housing fund expenditures outside a  
          project area but within the jurisdiction to be a benefit to  
          the project area.  However, as the ring expands further,  
          the constitutionality of expenditures outside the project  
          area becomes more suspect.

          In 1988, Legislative Counsel opined, with respect to a bill  
          (SB 1719) that would have allowed the Indian Wells  
          Redevelopment Agency to transfer L&M funds outside its  
          jurisdiction:




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               We do not think that the use of tax-increment revenues  
               by the redevelopment agency of the City of Indian  
               Wells to develop housing outside the city as proposed  
               by SB 1719 would constitute a loan, advance, or  
               indebtedness to finance or refinance redevelopment  
               within the meaning of Section 16 of Article XVI of the  
               California Constitution.

          The concept proposed by this bill of allowing expenditure  
          outside an agency's jurisdiction raises the same  
          constitutional issues as SB 1719.  The committee may wish  
          to consider whether it is constitutional for tax increment  
          money to be spent outside the community from which it  
          originated.

           Previous Actions  :

          Assembly Floor:                    78-0
          Assembly Housing and Community Development:  6-0
           
          Support and Opposition  :  (6/16/04)

           Support  :  none received

           Opposition  :none received