BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    



                                                                  AB 521
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          ASSEMBLY THIRD READING
          AB 521 (Diaz)
          As Amended April 22, 2003
          Majority vote 

           HEALTH              14-8        APPROPRIATIONS      17-6        
           
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          |Ayes:|Frommer, Chan, Chavez,    |Ayes:|Steinberg, Berg,          |
          |     |Chu, Cohn, Goldberg,      |     |Calderon, Montanez,       |
          |     |Koretz, Hancock,          |     |Correa, Diaz, Firebaugh,  |
          |     |Montanez, Negrete McLeod, |     |Goldberg, Leno, Nation,   |
          |     |Nunez, Ridley-Thomas,     |     |Negrete McLeod, Nunez,    |
          |     |Salinas, Wolk             |     |Pavley, Ridley-Thomas,    |
          |     |                          |     |Simitian, Wiggins, Yee    |
          |     |                          |     |                          |
          |-----+--------------------------+-----+--------------------------|
          |Nays:|Pacheco, Bates, Dutton,   |Nays:|Bates, Daucher, Haynes,   |
          |     |Haynes, Maze, Nakanishi,  |     |Pacheco, Runner,          |
          |     |Plescia, Richman          |     |Samuelian                 |
          |     |                          |     |                          |
           ----------------------------------------------------------------- 
           SUMMARY  :  Requires a pharmacist to inform a patient when a drug  
          poses a substantial risk of harm if the drug is taken in  
          combination with other medications, including nonprescription  
          drugs. Specifically,  this bill  : 

          1)Broadens an existing requirement that pharmacists inform  
            patients, orally or in writing, of the harmful effects of a  
            prescription drug, if the drug poses substantial risk to the  
            patient when taken with alcohol, to also require such notice  
            when the drug is taken in combination with other medications,  
            including prescription and nonprescription drugs. 

          2)Requires the notice, if provided in writing, to be printed in  
            at least 12-point type whenever the drug poses a substantial  
            risk of harm to the person consuming the drug if taken in  
            combination with alcohol or other medications, including  
            prescription and nonprescription drugs. 

          3)Makes the changes made by this bill operative January 1, 2005.  


           FISCAL EFFECT  :  According to the Appropriations Committee  
          analysis, minor, absorbable costs to the Board of Pharmacy  








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          (Board).  Unknown increased costs, likely less than $150,000 to  
          state-contracting pharmacies, health plans and pharmacy benefit  
          managers, to revise their forms to meet the 12-point type  
          requirement, and to include additional information about the  
          interaction of the prescribed prescription drug with other  
          prescription and non-prescription drugs. 

           COMMENTS  :  According to the National Council on Patient  
          Information and Education (NCPIE), an often-overlooked public  
          health problem is the inappropriate use of medicines. NCPIE  
          states that in the year 2000, nearly three billion retail  
          prescriptions were dispensed.  According to NCPIE, studies show  
          that up to half of all prescribed medicines are used improperly,  
          and as a result, preventable medicine-related illnesses annually  
          account for over $75 billion in doctors' visits, unnecessary  
          prescriptions, absences and loss of productivity at work,  
          increases in emergency room visits, hospitalizations, and  
          nursing home admissions, and even death.  

          Board regulations require pharmacists to provide oral  
          consultation to their patients when requested by the patient or  
          whenever the pharmacist deems it warranted in the exercise of  
          his or her professional judgment.  In addition, regulations  
          require consultation whenever a prescription drug has not  
          previously been dispensed to a patient, or whenever a  
          prescription drug not previously dispensed to a patient in the  
          same dosage form, strength or with the same written directions,  
          is dispensed by the pharmacy.  Finally, regulations require that  
          prior to consultation, a pharmacist must review a patient's drug  
          therapy and medication record before each prescription drug is  
          delivered and the review must include screening for severe  
          potential drug therapy problems.  NCPIE emphasizes the important  
          role of communication between consumers and health care  
          professionals whenever medicines are prescribed and used.  NCPIE  
          endorses the use of large print written information that answers  
          questions that patients may have, including what foods, drinks,  
          other medicines, or activities should be avoided while taking  
          any given medication.  Generally, pharmacists do include written  
          instructions with each dispensed prescription drug that often  
          list contraindications and side effects.

          According to the author, this bill is necessary because the  
          inappropriate use of prescription drugs is a problem that is  
          particularly acute for the elderly.  The elderly use more  
          prescription drugs than any other age group and are more likely  








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          to be taking multiple prescription drugs, which increases the  
          probability of adverse drug reactions.  The insert required by  
          this bill will provide valuable information in a format that can  
          be easily read.

           
          Analysis Prepared by  :    John Gilman / HEALTH / (916) 319-2097


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