BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    



                                                                  AB 529
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          ASSEMBLY THIRD READING
          AB 529 (Mullin)
          As Amended May 6, 2003
          Majority vote 

           HUMAN SERVICES      5-0                                         
           
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          |Ayes:|Wolk, Dutra, Lieber,      |     |                          |
          |     |Ridley-Thomas,            |     |                          |
          |     |Mullin                    |     |                          |
          |     |                          |     |                          |
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           SUMMARY  :  Treats children enrolled in kindergarten the same as  
          children aged six or older for purposes of allowing additional  
          children to be cared for by family day care homes.   
          Specifically,  this bill  allows a:  

          1)Small family day care home to provide care for up to eight  
            children instead of six if at least two children are enrolled  
            in kindergarten or are six years or older.

          2)Large family day care home to provide care for up to 14  
            children instead of 12 if at least two children are enrolled  
            in kindergarten or are six years or older.

           EXISTING LAW  :

          1)Provides for the licensure of family day care homes, and  
            limits the number of children for whom family day care  
            providers can provide care.

          2)Limits to six the number of children for whom small family day  
            care homes can provide care, and to 12 the number of children  
            for whom large family day care homes can provide care.

          3)Allows two additional children beyond the limit of six or 12  
            children to be cared for by family day care homes if at least  
            two children are aged six or older.

          4)Limits to two the number of infants which can be cared for by  
            small family day care providers, and to three the number of  
            infants which can be cared for by large family day providers.

           FISCAL EFFECT  :  Unknown








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           COMMENTS  :  The author states in support, "There is a critical  
          shortage of child care for school-age children in California."   
          This bill is designed to address the shortage by adding to the  
          number of children for whom family day care homes can provide  
          care.  It will allow these providers to care for an additional  
          two children who are in kindergarten but not yet six years old,  
          increasing the total allowable to eight for small family day  
          care homes and 14 for large family day care homes.

          Kindergartners under age six are treated for purposes of the  
          numerical limitation as if they required full-time care, even  
          though they may demand less time and attention.  However, these  
          kindergartners may on average spend less time in school than  
          first graders, and the issue here is whether their situation is  
          more comparable to 6-year old school age children than it is to  
          preschool children who require full-day care.  Some children  
          enter kindergarten at four years, nine months.

          Arguments of proponents:  The author contends that "[i]n-home  
          day care providers cannot afford to serve part-day kindergarten  
          age children under the current statutory scheme until the child  
          turns six because he or she would be counted towards the maximum  
          number of children that a licensed home can serve."  Since  
          kindergartners are included in the maximum of six or twelve  
          which can normally be served, a provider who cares for them may  
          receive less compensation than if she served children for whom  
          full-time rates are charged.  To avoid this, some providers  
          charge full-time rates for kindergartners even though they  
          require less than full-time care.

          The Family ChildCare Public Policy Advisory Committee observes  
          that under current law, "a family child care provider would need  
          to forego the fees from a full-time child in order to receive a  
          part-day fee for the barriers to kindergarten-age children being  
          enrolled in licensed family child care homes before turning age  
          six.  This can be especially disruptive for children who spent  
          their pre-school-age years in that very family child care home."

          The author also notes that many kindergartners turn six while  
          they are in kindergarten, at which time they could be counted  
          toward the additional two slots even though there is no  
          difference in the time required to care for them.

          Arguments of opponents:  The Child Care Law Center (CCLC) argues  








                                                                  AB 529
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          in opposition that "it is very important to keep licensing  
          requirements that protect children and promote quality by  
          requiring a reasonable provider-child ratio. ? [L]owering the  
          age for the two additional school age children is a significant  
          change in licensing protection.  Six year old children have a  
          higher level of maturity and spend many more hours in school  
          each day than kindergarten children."  Since state law allows  
          one provider to care for a total of eight children, the CCLC  
          contends that "it is important to make certain that at least two  
          of those children have the level of independence found in  
          children six years or older."

          The California Child Care Resource and Referral Network asserts  
          that "this bill will compromise the quality of child care  
          services in family child care while not truly addressing the  
          existing barriers that make the provision of child care for this  
          age group so challenging. ? [R]educing the age of children that  
          can be included in the school age option allows providers to  
          care for two additional children that could be as young as 4  
          years, 9 months of age."

          The Network further contends that "[i]f this bill is passed, a  
          family child care provider could care for two infants under the  
          age of 2, 4 preschool age children and two kindergarten children  
          who could be as young as 4 years, 9 months old. ?  
          Developmentally, kindergarten age children are more like  
          preschool age children than they are like school age children.   
          They continue to need more supervision and support."

           
          Analysis Prepared by  :    Casey McKeever / HUM. S. / (916)  
          319-2089 


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