BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    



               SENATE COMMITTEE ON ELECTIONS AND REAPPORTIONMENT
                           Senator Don Perata, Chair



          BILL NO:   AB 714                      HEARING DATE:  
          6/16/04    
          AUTHOR:    LENO                        ANALYSIS BY:Darren  
          Chesin
          AMENDED:   6/9/04 
          FISCAL:    YES
          
           PRIOR ACTION  :

          Assembly Elections, Redistricting,         6-0
            and Constitutional Amendments:
          Assembly Appropriations:        24-0
          Assembly Floor:                 79-0

           NOTE  : This bill was completely re-written in the Senate.   
          Therefore, the prior votes are not relevant to the current  
          version of the bill.  This bill is now identical to AB 828  
          (Leno) of 2003 which passed this committee 3-2 and the  
          Senate 24-13 but was vetoed by the Governor.

           SUBJECT  :
          
          Election day procedures

           BACKGROUND  :
          
          Existing law provides for all of the following:

           Requires elections officials to provide a sufficient  
            number of ballots to each precinct, which in no case  
            shall be a number fewer than 75% of all registered voters  
            in the precinct, as specified. 

           Requires the elections official, in the event that the  
            precinct board is unable to furnish a ballot to a  
            qualified voter due to an insufficient number of ballots,  
            to deliver additional ballots to the precinct so that all  
            eligible voters may cast a ballot by 10 p.m. 

           Requires the polls to remain open a sufficient amount of  
            time to allow any voter in the polling place, or in line  
            at the door, at the time the polls are to close, who is  
            qualified to vote but has not been able to do so, to  
            vote. 







           Requires any ballot that is torn, bent or otherwise  
            defective to be corrected so that tabulating equipment  
            may read the ballot.  If necessary, a duplicate copy of  
            the ballot must be made, following the intention of the  
            voter, insofar as it can be ascertained from the  
            defective ballot. 
           Requires all voting systems used in California to be  
            certified by the Secretary of State.

           PROPOSED LAW  :
          
          This bill would provide that if a precinct board is unable  
          to furnish a ballot to any eligible voter, the precinct  
          board shall do the following in this order:

          1.Authorize official sample ballots to be marked by the  
            voter and used in place of a ballot.

          2.Provide a sample ballot for reference, paper and pen and  
            permit the voter to cast his or her vote in writing.

          3.Provide a sample ballot for reference and permit the  
            voter to supply paper and pen to cast his or her vote in  
            writing.

          If a ballot is cast pursuant to this procedure the precinct  
          board must inform the voter that if the elections official  
          cannot determine the voter's intention during the canvass  
          process, the vote may not be counted.  A slate mailer or  
          any preprinted paper with the names of candidates or ballot  
          measures not supplied by the precinct board, may not be  
          used in place of a ballot.  A ballot cast this way must be  
          cast in a polling place and placed in a provisional ballot  
          envelope to be completed and signed by the voter. 

          Votes cast in this manner would be treated as damaged  
          ballots and duplicated by the elections official onto  
          proper ballots for tabulation purposes.

          If ballots are cast pursuant to this procedure, this bill  
          would require the Secretary of State to investigate the  
          circumstances that caused it, whether or not any voters  
          were disenfranchised, and make recommendations to prevent  
          reoccurrence.

          This bill would state legislative findings that, among  
          other things, allowing a voter to use a sample ballot or a  
          AB 714 (LENO)                                            
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          piece of paper to cast a vote is an option of last resort  
          intended to ensure that no eligible voter is deliberately  
          or inadvertently disenfranchised should a precinct run out  
          of ballots.

          This bill would also require every county utilizing a  
          direct recording electronic voting system (usually  
          touchscreens) in precincts, to establish and implement an  
          alternative voting procedure in the event that the  
          electronic system fails.  The alternative procedure must be  
          approved by the Secretary of State.

           COMMENTS  :
          
          1.According to the author, Assembly Bill 828 ensures that  
            all eligible voters who wish to vote, may do so.  During  
            the 2002 General Election, there were a number of  
            precincts, many of which were in my district, that ran  
            out of ballots.  While this is not common, it has  
            happened in other parts of the state in the past -- this  
            is a non-partisan problem.

          This is an economical solution.  The alternative is to  
            raise the number of required ballots, currently it is 75%  
            of eligible voters in a precinct.  If regular ballots are  
            unavailable, whether they have run out, or are in  
            transit, sample ballots would be provided, and treated as  
            provisional ballots.  If there were not enough sample  
            ballots, a pen and paper would be provided and the hand  
            written ballot would be treated as a provisional ballot.   


          2.This bill is identical to AB 828 (Leno) of 2003 which  
            passed this committee   3-2 and the Senate 24-13 but was  
            vetoed by the Governor.  In his veto message, the  
            Governor stated the following:

          "AB 828 requires elections officials to establish and  
            implement alternative voting procedures in the event a  
            precinct board runs out of ballots. It also requires  
            every county to develop an alternative voting procedure  
            in the event that an electronic voting system fails.   
            While I appreciate the authors effort in addressing such  
            issues, I am concerned that allowing voters to use any  
            type of paper to cast his or her vote could lead to voter  
            fraud and confusion. Furthermore, according to the  
            Department of Finance, this bill could result in a  
            significant reimbursable state mandated program for the  
          AB 714 (LENO)                                            
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            requirement that polling places follow specified  
            procedures when a precinct runs out of ballots.  
            Therefore, I am unable to sign this bill."

          3.The author points to the 2002 General Election when  
            nearly 20 polling places in San Francisco temporarily ran  
            out of ballots and the polls were forced to stay open  
            past the normal 8 p.m. closing time.  While current law  
            does require elections officials to deliver additional  
            ballots to precincts that have run out of ballots, it is  
            impossible to determine how many voters, if any, simply  
            left without casting a ballot, rather than wait for more  
            ballots to be delivered.  

          Additionally, during the March 2, 2004 Statewide Primary  
            Election, failures related to electronic voting systems  
            led to the disenfranchisement of thousands of California  
            voters.  In Alameda County, encoding devices necessary to  
            operate the voting machines failed in 24 percent of the  
            polling places.  In San Diego County, encoding device  
            failures caused the delay in opening of over one-third of  
            all polling places - the last one not opening until after  
            11:00 a.m.  

          The problem in Alameda County was mitigated somewhat by  
            their ability to provide many voters at the affected  
            polling places with paper provisional ballots.  San Diego  
            County, despite the Secretary of State's urging not to do  
            so, conducted provisional voting electronically and  
            therefore had no paper provisional ballots to use when  
            their electronic equipment failed.  The Secretary of  
            State recently made the use of paper provisional ballots  
            one of several conditions for recertification of  
            specified electronic voting systems.  This bill should be  
            amended to require all provisional voting to be conducted  
            with paper ballots in order to further mitigate the  
            problems it is attempting to address.

          4.This bill does not specify in any way how votes should be  
            cast using a sample ballot or "in writing" on paper.  It  
            would therefore give sole discretion to elections  
            officials to determine the intent of the voter based on  
            what the voter writes or marks.  This bill should be  
            amended to require the Secretary of State to develop  
            guidelines to address this problem.

          5.This bill permits voters to supply their own paper to  
            cast a vote under specified circumstances but provides no  
          AB 714 (LENO)                                            
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            restriction on what constitutes acceptable paper other  
            than prohibiting use of a slate mailer or similar  
            publication.  A precinct board would therefore be  
            required to accept  any  paper as a valid ballot regardless  
            of size or any other factor that may prove problematic.  
            This bill should be amended to require the Secretary of  
            State to develop guidelines to address this problem.

          6.The alternative voting method proposed in this bill is  
            loosely based on provisions in current law relating to  
            defective ballots.  Currently, if a ballot cast by a  
            voter is torn, bent, or otherwise unreadable by a  
            tabulating machine, the elections official is required to  
            copy the votes cast on the defective ballot onto another  
            ballot so that the tabulating equipment may read it.   
            Under this bill, an elections official may allow a voter  
            to cast a paper ballot using either a sample ballot or on  
            paper.  That paper ballot would then be subject to the  
            same procedure as defective ballots. 

           POSITIONS  :

           Sponsor: Author

           Support: None received

           Oppose:  None received




















          AB 714 (LENO)                                            
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