BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    







                          SENATE COMMITTEE ON Public Safety
                             Senator Bruce McPherson, Chair     A
                                2003-2004 Regular Session       B

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          AB 1306 (Leno)                                        6
          As Introduced February 21, 2003 
          Hearing date:  June 10, 2003                          
          Penal Code
          JM:br


                 DRUG TREATMENT UNDER PROPOSITION 36 (NOVEMBER 2000)  -  

                 TRANSFER OF CASE TO DEFENDANT'S COUNTY OF RESIDENCE  



                                       HISTORY

          Source:  Judicial Council

          Prior Legislation: SB 223 (Burton) - Ch. 721, Stats. 2001

          Support: California Judges Association; Chief Probation Officers  
                   of California; California District Attorneys  
                   Association

          Opposition:None known

          Assembly Floor Vote:  Ayes  74 - Noes  0


                                         KEY ISSUE
           
          IN A PROPOSITION 36 (SUBSTANCE ABUSE AND CRIME PREVENTION ACT)  
          PROBATION MATTER, SHOULD THE COURT IN THE COUNTY OF CONVICTION BE  
          AUTHORIZED TO REQUIRE THE COURT IN THE COUNTY OF THE DEFENDANT'S  




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          RESIDENCE TO ACCEPT TRANSFER OF THE CASE UNLESS THE COURT TO WHICH  
          THE CASE WOULD BE TRANSFERRED DETERMINES THAT THE DEFENDANT DOES NOT  
          INTEND TO RESIDE IN THE COUNTY?



                                       PURPOSE
          
          The purpose of this bill is to provide that where close judicial  
          supervision of a probationer in a Proposition 36 case is  
          necessary, the court in the county of conviction can require  
          transfer of jurisdiction of the case to the county of the  
          probationer's residence.
          
           Existing law  - Proposition 36 (Substance Abuse and Crime  
          Prevention Act - SACPA - of the Nov. 2000 General Election) -  
          includes these major provisions:

          ? Ineligible defendants and parolees are those who:

                 Possessed drugs other than for personal use.
                 Committed other offense along with a drug possession  
               offense.
                 Used a firearm while in possession or under the  
               influence of heroin, cocaine or PCP.
                 Previously have been convicted of a serious felony,  
               and have not been free of custody or commission of  
               felonies or dangerous misdemeanors within 5 years.   
               (Parolees may not have ever been convicted of a serious  
               felony.)
                 Participated in two prior Proposition 36 treatment  
               programs.
                 Refused treatment under the Initiative.
               (Pen. Code  1210.1, subd. (b)(4), 3063.1, subd. (b)(3).)

          ? Placement of persons in treatment programs by the court and  
            the Board of Prison Terms (BPT)

                 Courts and the BPT are effectively directed to place a  




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               person in treatment to which the person is amenable.
                 If the treatment provider reports that the person is  
               unamenable to a particular program, but may be amenable  
               to another, the program should be modified.
                 If the person is unamenable to all treatment, he or  
               she may be excluded from Proposition 36 treatment.
               (Pen. Code  1210.1, subd. (c), and 3063.1, subd. (c).)

          Proposition 36 Provisions as to Violations of Probation or  
          Parole Conditions
          
          ? Non-drug related Violation of Probation:  The court has  
            discretion to modify or revoke probation as with any standard  
            probation program.

          ? Drug related Violations of Conditions of Probation and  
            "Arrests" for Drug Offenses:

                 First Violation:
                     Dangerous persons must have probation revoked.
                     Non dangerous person may be subject to more  
                 intensive programs.


                 Second Violation:
                     If dangerous or unamenable to treatment, probation  
                 must be revoked.
                     Others may face more intensive treatment or  
                 conditions.

                 Third Violation:  Violators excluded from treatment  
               under Proposition 36.

          ? Non-drug related Violations of Parole:  The Board of Prison  
            Terms has discretion to modify or revoke probation as with any  
            standard probation program.

          ? Drug Related Violations of Parole:





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                 First Violation:
                     Dangerous persons must have parole revoked.
                     Non dangerous person may be subject to more  
                 intensive programs.

                 Second Violation:  Parole must be revoked.
               (Pen. Code  1210.1, subd. (e), and 3630, subd. (d).)

           Existing law  provides that whenever any person is released on  
          probation, the case may be transferred to any court in any other  
          county in which the person resides permanently.  The court of  
          the receiving county shall first be given an opportunity to  
          determine whether the person resides in and has stated the  
          intention to remain in the county for the duration of probation.  
           The court may refuse to accept the transfer, as specified.   
          (Pen. Code  203.9, subd. (a).)


           Existing law  provides that if the court of the receiving county  
          finds that the person permanently resides in or has moved to the  
          county, it may in its discretion either accept the entire  
          jurisdiction over the case or assume supervision on a courtesy  
          basis.  (Pen. Code  1203.9, subd. (b).)

           Existing law  provides that the order of transfer shall be  
          accompanied by an order for reimbursement of reasonable costs  
          for processing the transfer, as specified.  (Pen. Code  1203.9,  
          subd. (c).)

           This bill  provides that whenever any person is granted  
          Proposition 36 probation, jurisdiction over the case may be  
          transferred at the discretion of the sentencing court to the  
          court in any other county in which the person resides  
          permanently.  "Resides permanently" is defined as residing with  
          the stated intention to remain for the duration of probation.

           This bill  provides that in the event of a transfer of  
          jurisdiction, the court in the receiving county shall be given  
          an opportunity to determine in a hearing whether the person  




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          resides in the county.  Only if the receiving court finds that  
          the person either does not reside in that county or does not  
          state an intention to remain in the county for the duration of  
          probation may the court in the receiving county refuse to accept  
          the transfer.

           This bill  requires that an order of transfer shall contain an  
          order requiring the probationer to report to the probation  
          officer of the receiving county and an order for reimbursement  
          to the receiving county for reasonable costs for processing the  
          transfer.

           This bill  requires the transmittal of orders, probation reports,  
          and a certified copy of the file as specified.

           This bill  provides that the receiving court shall have entire  
          jurisdiction over the case including, but not limited to,  
          probation supervision and treatment.

                                      COMMENTS

          1.  Need for This Bill  

          According to the author:

               Courts are reporting that they are unable to ensure  
               effective supervision of defendants on probation under  
               Proposition 36, the Substance Abuse and Crime  
               Prevention Act of 2000 (SACPA).  The problem arises  
               when jurisdiction remains in one county, while  
               probation supervision and treatment occur in another.   
               This bill remedies this by ensuring that the  
               sentencing court has the authority to transfer  
               jurisdiction to the county of residence.

          2.  Background:  Transfer of Probation Supervision in General and  
            under Proposition 36

           When a court seeks to transfer jurisdiction of a Proposition 36  




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          case (or any other probation matter) to the county in which a  
          defendant resides, current law (Pen. Code  1203.9) allows the  
          receiving county, upon a finding that the defendant permanently  
          resides in that county, to choose between two options.  The  
          receiving county may either accept full jurisdiction over the  
          case or accept the case only for probation-supervision purposes  
          on a courtesy basis.<1>

          Concerns have been raised that if a probationer is undergoing  
          treatment in the county of residence, it may be difficult for  
          the judge in the county of conviction to provide meaningful  
          supervision as contemplated by the terms of Proposition 36.   
          Where a defendant needs special services or intense supervision,  
          courtesy supervision of probation may be insufficient.

          This bill authorizes the sentencing judge to require, rather  
          than permit, the court in the defendant's county of residence to  
          accept transfer of jurisdiction in a Proposition 36 case,  
          thereby ensuring that adequate judicial oversight occurs in the  
          county where treatment and probation services are being  
          provided.





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          <1>  The general probation and jurisdiction transfer section  
          appears to contain an ambiguity flowing from the use of the  
          permissive term "may" in describing the extent of a court's  
          discretion to accept supervision of a case from another county.   
          Section 1203.9, subdivision (b), states that a court "may, in  
          its discretion, either accept the entire jurisdiction over a  
          case, or assume supervision of the probationer on a courtesy  
          basis."  This language could be interpreted to mean that a court  
          has the power to accept neither jurisdiction nor courtesy  
          supervision of the case.  Committee staff has been informed that  
          all 58 superior courts and chief probation officers agree that  
          the language in  1203.9 should be interpreted to mean that a  
          court shall either accept jurisdiction of the case or courtesy  
          supervision.  It cannot refuse both.  This ambiguity can be  
          corrected by replacing the "may" with "shall" to direct the  
          court to exercise its discretion by choosing one of the two  
          options.























          3.  DADP Guidelines for Handling Convictions under SACPA Outside  
            County of Residence - Treatment in County of Residence, with  
            Jurisdiction usually Held in County of Conviction  

          The Department of Alcohol and Drug Programs (DADP) has the lead  
          state role in SACPA implementation.  The Department has issued  
          letter guidelines for handling cases where the probationer in a  
          SACPA is convicted in a county other than his or her county of  
          residence.  (ACLA Letter No. 01-12.)  DADP has noted that  
          counties generally have been quite cooperative in implementing  
          SACPA, including in cases where non-residents have been  
          convicted of SACPA eligible crimes.  DADP noted that some  
          probationers "cannot be easily treated in the county of  
          adjudication."  DADP regulations do not specifically address the  
          issue.  However, DADP has noted that the Statewide Advisory  
          Group has made recommendations for such cases.

          The recommendation of the advisory group is as follows:

               Pursuant to an agreement between the counties, an  
               individual who is sentenced under Proposition 36 in  
               one county could be returned to the county of  
               residence for treatment.  The county of residence  
               should provide assessment and treatment, while the  
               county of adjudication should retain judicial  
               responsibility for the client.  The county of  
               residence should be responsible for treatment costs.   
               Case management would be by agreement of the two  
               counties involved.

          DADP further stated in its letter:

               DADP encourages the development of cooperative  
               interagency working agreements.  County entities  
               newly allied through SACPA are advised to develop and  
               rely upon memoranda of understanding and other  
               predetermined protocols or procedures in the  
               management of cross-jurisdictional cases.












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               When there is a cross-jurisdictional issue, courts  
               sometimes find it difficult to efficiently move  
               non-resident SACPA offenders from sentencing to  
               assessment and then to treatment.  Delays in  
               treatment in such cases can be minimized with a  
               published list of assessment contact persons for each  
               county.  As a result, DADP is in the process of  
               identifying local assessment contact persons.

          4.  Argument in Support

           The Judicial Council of California argues in support:

               The Department of Alcohol and Drug Programs (DADP),  
               the entity responsible for implementing SACPA, has  
               issued policy guidelines encouraging that substance  
               abuse treatment and ancillary services be provided in  
               the county in which the defendant resides.  SACPA  
               funding allocations are made directly to each county  
               by DADP and are based on treatment population and  
               other factors.

               To enhance the likelihood of treatment success, the  
               trial judge should be in a position to make  
               modifications to the conditions of probation that  
               relate to treatment.  The judge in the county in which  
               treatment takes place may in some circumstances be  
               better able to develop a suitable treatment plan  
               because he or she is familiar with local treatment  
               continuum and supervision alternatives.

               For these reasons, the Judicial Council is sponsoring  
               this bill to authorize the sentencing judge to require  
               acceptance of jurisdiction over SACPA cases when it is  
               determined that the defendant permanently resides in a  
               county other than where the conviction occurred.  The  
               transfer shall be subject to a hearing before the  
               receiving court in which the defendant shall have the  












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               burden to establish the fact of residence.



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