BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    



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          ASSEMBLY THIRD READING
          AB 2297 (Vargas)
          As Amended May 20, 2004
          Majority vote 

           HEALTH              11-3        APPROPRIATIONS      16-3        
           
           ----------------------------------------------------------------- 
          |Ayes:|Cohn, Chan, Dymally,      |Ayes:|Chu, Berg, Calderon,      |
          |     |Frommer, Koretz, Lieber,  |     |Corbett, Correa,          |
          |     |Montanez, Nakano,         |     |Firebaugh, Goldberg,      |
          |     |Ridley-Thomas, Salinas,   |     |Leno, Nation, Negrete     |
          |     |Wolk                      |     |McLeod, Oropeza, Pavley,  |
          |     |                          |     |Ridley-Thomas, Wesson,    |
          |     |                          |     |Wiggins, Yee              |
          |     |                          |     |                          |
          |-----+--------------------------+-----+--------------------------|
          |Nays:|Dutton, Nakanishi,        |Nays:|Runner, Haynes, Keene     |
          |     |Plescia                   |     |                          |
          |     |                          |     |                          |
           ----------------------------------------------------------------- 
           SUMMARY  :  Expands the Childhood Lead Poisoning Prevention Act of  
          1991 (Act) to require the Department of Health Services (DHS) to  
          regulate the lead content of imported candy.  Specifically,  this  
          bill  :

          1)Requires the testing of imported candy to determine its lead  
            content. Establishes a lead content standard of zero, or  
            lowest detection limit for imported candy.

          2)Requires DHS to have jurisdiction over the regulation of  
            ensuring imported candy is lead free and gives priority for  
            testing imported candy received by community-based  
            organizations.

          3)Authorizes DHS to make available funds deposited into the  
            Childhood Lead Poisoning Prevention Fund for purposes  
            described in this bill.

          4)Authorizes DHS to enter into contracts with county health  
            officers and county environmental officers to collect samples  
            of candy for testing.

          5)Requires DHS to establish an interagency collaborative and  
            defines the composition of the collaborative.








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          6)States that "candy," for the purposes of this bill, includes  
            only candy imported from a foreign country and its packaging  
            or wrapper.

          7)Authorizes DHS to issue health related advisories, order the  
            removal of, and to embargo candy found to contain lead.

           EXISTING LAW  :

          1)Prohibits, under the Sherman Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Law, the  
            sale of adulterated food, as defined.

          2)Requires DHS to establish a childhood lead poisoning  
            prevention program to identify and conduct medical follow-up  
            of high-risk children and to establish procedures for  
            environmental abatement.

          3)Requires DHS to assess a fee for these purposes against  
            persons who contributed to sources of lead contamination.

           FISCAL EFFECT  :  According to Assembly Appropriations Committee,  
          special fund costs of approximately $862,000 in 2004-05 and  
          on-going annual cost of approximately $1.3 million. (Childhood  
          Lead Poisoning Prevention Fund.)

           COMMENTS  :  According to the author, the state's standard for an  
          allowable lead level is based on a recommendation from the  
          Federal Food and Drug Administration (FDA).  The FDA recommended  
          guidelines state that children under six years of age should  
          consume no more than 6.0 micrograms of lead each day from all  
          food sources.  Lead poisoning from food is not currently under  
          the jurisdiction of the Childhood Lead Poisoning Prevention  
          Program.

          The author states that in June of 2002, DHS conducted a sample  
          testing of candy imported from Mexico and sold in California.   
          These tests revealed some of the candy contained higher levels  
          of lead than FDA recommended guidelines had deemed safe for a  
          child to consume in one day.  In August of 2002, a report issued  
          by the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention  
          identified a popular Mexican candy bar called Chaca Chaca as a  
          possible source of high lead levels in 150 children in cases  
          reported to California health officials between May 2001 and  
          January 2002.  In March of 2004, DHS issued an alert warning the  








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          public of lead levels in Chaca Chaca.  This candy was found to  
          contain three to four times the lead level recommended in the  
          FDA guidelines.

          Lead poisoning is defined as an acute or chronic intoxication by  
          lead.  Repeated exposure or consumption of lead can cause  
          symptoms from stomach pain and constipation to convulsions and  
          coma.  Lead poisoning can lead to the damage of the nervous  
          system and kidney failure.  It has also been proven to cause  
          learning disabilities and behavioral disorders.

          AB 256 (Vargas) was introduced in 2003, but the provisions  
          dealing with lead levels in imported candy were amended out of  
          the bill.

          Currently, DHS is neutral on this bill.  DHS has the authority  
          under the Sherman Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Law to test candies  
          under their Food and Drug branch.  DHS does test food, including  
          candy, when complaints are received from consumers and other  
          state departments.

          Supporters assert that this bill takes important steps to  
          protect the public from candy with unsafe levels of lead and  
          that ingesting lead is especially harmful to pregnant women and  
          children.

          The opposition contends that FDA is already addressing the issue  
          of lead in imported candy and that FDA has already sent out an  
          advisory informing manufacturers, importers, and distributors of  
          imported candy that FDA intends to take actions to reduce  
          further the potential exposure of children to lead from candy  
          products.

          The Paint Council of California states they have no position on  
          the proposal for DHS to regulate the lead content in candy.   
          They state that the Childhood Lead Poisoning Prevention Program  
          is funded by fees imposed mainly on paint manufacturers and the  
          petroleum industry, who should not be required to pay for the  
          program described in this bill.

           
          Analysis Prepared by  :    Patty Rodgers / HEALTH / (916) 319-2097  


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