BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    



                                                                  AB 2317
                                                                  Page  1

          Date of Hearing:   April 21, 2004

                        ASSEMBLY COMMITTEE ON APPROPRIATIONS
                                   Judy Chu, Chair

                AB 2317 (Oropeza) - As Introduced:  February 19, 2004 

          Policy Committee:                              Labor and  
          Employment   Vote:                            6-2

          Urgency:     No                   State Mandated Local Program:  
          No     Reimbursable:              

           SUMMARY  

          This bill increases the amount of liquidated damages paid for  
          violations of state law prohibiting gender-based pay  
          discrimination.  Specifically, this bill entitles an employee to  
          recover in a civil action brought for gender-based wage  
          discrimination liquidated damages equal to treble the balance of  
          underpaid wages, including interest.  In addition, this bill  
          establishes a separate entitlement for willful violations equal  
          to five times the balance of underpaid wages, including  
          interest.

          Current law limits the amount of liquidated damages that may be  
          recovered in a civil action to an amount equal to the balance of  
          underpaid wages, including interest.

           FISCAL EFFECT  

          No direct state fiscal impact.

           COMMENTS  

           1)Background  .  The California equal pay law (Labor Code Section  
            1197.5), first enacted in 1949, prohibits employers from  
            paying an employee a wage less than that paid to employees of  
            the opposite sex in the same establishment for equal work on  
            jobs requiring equal skill, effort, and responsibility, and  
            performed under similar working conditions.  Payment  
            differentials pursuant to a bona fide factor other than sex  
            are permissible. An employee may file a complaint with the  
            Division of Labor Standards Enforcement (DLSE) within the  
            Department of Industrial Relations (DIR) alleging that wages  








                                                                  AB 2317
                                                                  Page  2

            paid are less that the amount the employee is entitled to  
            under Section 1197.5.  

          Alternatively, an employee may initiate a civil action to  
            recover wages, including interest thereon, that the employee  
            is deprived of by reason of the violation.  Whether a case is  
            resolved administratively or through private right of action,  
            an employer found to be in violation of Section 1197.5 is  
            liable for the amount of unpaid wages, plus interest, and  
            liquidated damages equal to this amount (as well as court  
            costs and attorney's fees).  

            The California equal pay law is nearly identical to the  
            federal Equal Pay Act, which is enforced by the federal Equal  
            Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) through a complaint  
            process similar to state law. Penalties include the amount of  
            unpaid wages and an additional equal amount as liquidated  
            damages, which is similar to state law. Any person who  
            repeatedly or willfully violates federal law, however, is  
            subject to a civil penalty not to exceed $1000 for each  
            violation. 

            An employee alleging gender based pay discrimination may file  
            a complaint with the Department of Fair Employment and  
            Housing, under the Fair Employment and Housing Act, or the  
            federal Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC), under  
            Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, since the laws  
            allow for the recovery of compensatory damages. 

           2)Purpose  .  The author points to recent government statistics  
            that indicate gender-based pay discrimination in California  
            and the nation.   For example, the United States Census Bureau  
            reported in 2002 that American women working full-time  
            year-round earned on average 76.6 cents for every dollar  
            earned by full-time working American men. Additionally, the  
            U.S. General Accounting Office recently found that there is a  
            gender based wage gap of approximately 20 percent, even after  
            taking into account work experience, education, occupation,  
            industry of current employment, and other demographic and job  
            characteristics. 

            The substantial increase in liquidated damages for gender  
            based wage violations included in this bill are intended to  
            penalize employers engaging in these practices and serve as an  
            incentive to employees pursue legal remedies.








                                                                  AB 2317
                                                                  Page  3




           Analysis Prepared by  :    Stephen Shea / APPR. / (916) 319-2081