BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    





                                                                  AB 2317

                                                                  Page  1

          GOVERNOR'S VETO
          AB 2317 (Oropeza)
          As Amended June 29, 2004
          2/3 vote

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          |ASSEMBLY:  |42-27|(April 29,      |SENATE: |21-13|(August 10,    |
          |           |     |2004)           |        |     |2004)          |
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          |ASSEMBLY:  |47-32|(August 24,     |        |     |               |
          |           |     |2004)           |        |     |               |
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           Original Committee Reference:    L. & E.  

           SUMMARY  :  Increases the amount of liquidated damages due to  
          employees who are paid unfairly in violation of existing law  
          relating to gender based payment discrimination. 

           The Senate amendments  revise the damages due to employees paid  
          unfairly based on gender to the following:

          1)An amount equal to the balance of wages as liquidated damages,  
            and an amount equal to double the balance of the wages as a  
            civil penalty.

          2)The balance of wages, including interest, an equal amount as  
            liquidated damages, and an amount equal to four times the  
            balance of wages as a civil penalty, if it is determined that  
            an employer willfully violated the law. 

           EXISTING FEDERAL LAW  prohibits sex-based wage discrimination  
          between men and women in the same establishment who are  
          performing under similar working conditions. 

           EXISTING LAW  :

          1)Prohibits employers from paying an employee a wage less than  
            that paid to employees of the opposite sex in the same  










                                                                  AB 2317

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            establishment for equal work on jobs requiring equal skill,  
            effort, and responsibility, and performed under similar  
            working conditions. 

          2)Allows payment differentials made pursuant to a bona fide  
            factor other than sex.

          3)Subjects employers to civil action and specified liquidated  
            damages that may be paid to employees who are paid unfairly in  
            violation of existing law relating to gender based payment  
            discrimination. 

           AS PASSED BY THE ASSEMBLY  , this bill:
           
          1)Mandated the types of damages those employees should recover  
            if successful in bringing a civil action against their  
            employer for violating existing law relating to gender based  
            payment discrimination.

          2)Increased the amount of liquidated damages due to employees  
            who are paid unfairly in violation of existing law relating to  
            gender based payment discrimination to the following:

             a)   An amount equal to treble the balance of wages due; and,

             b)   An amount equal to five times the balance of wages due,  
               if it is determined that the employer willfully violated  
               the section of law prohibiting gender based payment  
               discrimination.

           FISCAL EFFECT  :  According to the Assembly Appropriations  
          Committee, no direct state fiscal impact. 

           COMMENTS  :  The prohibition of gender based payment  
          discrimination has been a feature of California law since 1949.   
          Enforcement is primarily the responsibility of the Division of  
          Labor Standards Enforcement (DLSE), through a complaint  
          procedure.  An aggrieved employee may, however, initiate an  
          independent civil action under specified circumstances.   
          Currently, damages for violations include not only the recovery  
          of any lost wages with interest, but also liquidated damages in  
          a like amount.










                                                                  AB 2317

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          The federal Equal Pay Act of 1963 (29 USC 206) also prohibits  
          sex-based wage differentials between men and women employed in  
          the same establishment who perform jobs requiring equal effort,  
          skill, and responsibility.  Those provisions are enforced by  
          Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) through a  
          complaint process similar to state law.  Civil actions are also  
          allowed after administrative avenues are exhausted.  Penalties  
          allowed under federal law include the amount of unpaid wages and  
          an additional equal amount as liquidated damages, which is  
          similar to state.  Any person who repeatedly or willfully  
          violates federal law, however, is subject to a civil penalty not  
          to exceed $1,000 for each violation.

          Pay differentials under both state and federal law are permitted  
          when they are based on seniority, merit, quantity or quality of  
          production, or a factor other than sex.  In the event that an  
          aggrieved employee files complaints under both state and federal  
          law, the employee is required to return to the employer the  
          amounts recovered under state or federal law, whichever is less.

          Recent information pay inequities:  Recent statistics  
          demonstrate that despite these protections, pay inequities still  
          exist in our state and national economies.  These statistics  
          include the following:

          1)According to the United States Census Bureau, in 2002,  
            American women working full-time year-round earned on average  
            $0.76.6 for every dollar earned by full-time working American  
            men.

          2)A General Accounting Office report on women's earnings shows  
            that there exists an inexplicable wage gap of approximately  
            20%, even after taking into account work experience,  
            education, occupation, industry of current employment, and  
            other demographic and job characteristics.

          3)The Institute for Women's Policy Research finds that recent  
            narrowing of the wage gap between men and women is due in  
            large part to men's real wages falling, not women's wages  
            rising.
           










                                                                 AB 2317

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          GOVERNOR'S VETO MESSAGE  :

               While I am supportive of reasonable efforts to  
               eradicate the historical trend of women earning less  
               than men for doing the same work, I do not believe the  
               provisions of AB 2317 are necessary in order to  
               achieve this goal.

               Current state and federal laws forbid and provide  
               civil and criminal penalties for an employer that pays  
               discriminatory wage rates to employees on account of  
               gender.  The civil penalty for violation of the equal  
               pay requirement was doubled just last year.  In  
               addition, SB 1809, which I recently signed into law,  
               classifies the violation of equal pay requirements as  
               one of the more serious labor law violations for which  
               an employee can bring a private civil action.  We need  
               to allow these new laws time to work before  
               considering additional penalties.


           Analysis Prepared by  :    Nick Louizos / L. & E. / (916) 319-2091


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