BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    



                                                                       


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          |SENATE RULES COMMITTEE            |                  SB 1722|
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                                 THIRD READING


          Bill No:  SB 1722
          Author:   Ducheny (D)
          Amended:  4/27/04
          Vote:     27

           
           SENATE JUDICIARY COMMITTEE  :  5-0, 4/20/04
          AYES:  Escutia, Morrow, Cedillo, Ducheny, Kuehl
          NO VOTE RECORDED:  Ackerman, Sher

           SENATE APPROPRIATIONS COMMITTEE  :  Senate Rule 28.8


           SUBJECT  :    Proposition 65:  enforcement:  judgments

           SOURCE  :     California Apartment Association


           DIGEST  :    This bill provides that where a court finds that  
          the doctrine of res judicata bars the relitigation of an  
          issue or a cause of action, a later action would be barred.

           ANALYSIS  :    Existing law provides that a defendant may  
          raise the special defense of res judicata in any case in  
          which the defendant contends the action or any part thereof  
          was resolved on the merits in a prior action between the  
          same parties or their privies.

          This bill would reaffirm by statute that the special  
          defense of res judicata is available to a defendant in a  
          Proposition 65 case brought by a person in the public  
          interest and also that a court may find that a case brought  
          by a person in the public interest is barred in whole or in  
          part by the doctrine of res judicata based upon a judgment  
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          in or court-approved settlement of a prior case brought by  
          another person in the public interest.

          The Safe Drinking Water and Toxic Enforcement Act of 1986  
          (Proposition 65) requires that any amendment be in  
          furtherance of the purposes of the act, and requires that  
          it be passed in each house by a two-thirds vote.

           Background
           
          A Proposition 65 case may be brought by any person in the  
          public interest:

          1. Sixty days after providing notice of the alleged  
             violation to the alleged violator and to the Attorney  
             General and the district attorney, city attorney or  
             prosecutor in whose jurisdiction the violation is  
             alleged to have occurred.

          2. If neither the Attorney General, and district attorney,  
             any city attorney, nor any prosecutor has commenced and  
             is diligently prosecuting an action against the  
             violation.

          3. If the alleged violation is for failure to warn under  
             Health and Safety Code Section 25249.6, the notice of  
             violation must include a certificate of merit stating  
             that an expert has reviewed facts, studies or other data  
             regarding the exposure to the listed chemical that is  
             the subject of the action and that based on that  
             information, there is a reasonable and meritorious case  
             for the private action.  The certificate of merit served  
             on the Attorney General must attach factual information  
             sufficient to establish the basis of the certificate of  
             merit.

          A case under the Unfair Competition Law (Business &  
          Professions Code Section 17200 et seq.) may be brought "by  
          any person acting for the interests of . . . the general  
          public."  [Bus. & Prof. Code Sec. 17204.]  No preliminary  
          notice to the violator or the Attorney General and no  
          certificate of merit is required.

          NOTE:  The author, bill sponsor, supporters and opponents  







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          of prior versions of the bill, and Senate Judiciary  
          Committee staff will continue discussions to see if there  
          is a broader solution to the threat of repetitive  
          litigation that will protect defendants from abusive  
          practices and protect the due process rights of plaintiffs  
          who file Proposition 65 actions "in the public interest."

           FISCAL EFFECT  :    Appropriation:  No   Fiscal Com.:  Yes    
          Local:  No

           SUPPORT  :   (Verified  5/10/04)

          California Apartment Association (source)
          Allmark Properties
          Archstone Smith
          California Apartment Association
          California Chamber of Commerce
          California Manufacturers and Technology Association
          Cambridge Village
          Civil Justice Association of California
          Exlnt Property Management Co.
          League of California Cities
          Proposition 65 Coalition

           ARGUMENTS IN SUPPORT  :    California Apartment Association  
          (CAA) contends that in multiple industries (diesel engine  
          manufacturers, cigar manufacturers and retailers, PVC  
          mini-blind distributors and retailers, wine makers,  
          manufacturers of paints and art materials, manufacturers of  
          hair coloring products, and hotels), defendants are being  
          sued by a plaintiff "in the public interest" and, after  
          settlement with or judgement for the first plaintiff, a  
          second plaintiff "in the public interest" has filed a "copy  
          cat" lawsuit based on the same facts and claims already  
          decided in the first case.

          CAA argues that it is often more cost-effective for a  
          business to pay the second plaintiff a "nuisance  
          settlement" to "go away" instead of incurring the  
          attorneys' fees and costs to fight the second plaintiff's  
          claim in court.

          CAA states that its members are being sued by plaintiffs  
          "in the public interest" for failure to post the required  







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          warning signs and are fearful that apartment owners and  
          managers, like other industries before them, will soon be  
          sued again by a new plaintiff "in the public interest" on  
          the same claims.

          Proponents of the bill cite two cases in which the  
          defendants ultimately prevailed on appeal in establishing  
          that res judicata barred the second "public interest"  
          plaintiff's claim, but at tremendous cost.


          RJG:sl  5/11/04   Senate Floor Analyses 

                         SUPPORT/OPPOSITION:  SEE ABOVE

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