BILL ANALYSIS
SENATE COMMITTEE ON VETERANS AFFAIRS
BILL MORROW, CHAIRMAN
Bill No: AJR 2
Author: Evans
Version: As amended May 5, 2005
Hearing Date: June 28, 2005
Fiscal: No
Consultant: Donald E. Wilson
SUBJECT OF BILL :Benefits for Filipino veterans
EXISTING LAW AND BACKGROUND : In 1941, President Roosevelt
consolidated the Armed Forces of the Philippines under the
United States Armed Forces. In 1934 the Philippines had
been given provisional autonomy as a step towards
independence. Through various pieces of legislation, WWII
soldiers were promised a special naturalization process and
other benefits. Before the official end of the war,
Congress designated Filipino veterans' status as not active
service attributable to benefits compensation.
In 1990, George H. W. Bush granted citizenship to these
veterans. In 2003, George W. Bush signed legislation
granting certain VA benefits to various fighting units who
contributed during the Philippines campaign.
Several versions of this resolution have passed the
legislature since 1995.
PROPOSED LAW : Memorialize the President and Congress to
"honor the contributions of Filipino-American war veterans"
by paying benefits
COMMENT : Three main issues dominate the benefits debate
surrounding Filipino veterans. 1. What type of unit did a
veteran serve in? 2. Is a unit recognized by the
government? 3. What country does said veteran resides in
today?
Many of the problems relating to unit qualification can be
traced to the semi-autonomous state of the Filipino
government at the time of WWII. Some units belonged to the
United States while others were under the command of the
Filipino government or Filipino citizens.
Four main groups of Filipino veterans are recognized - Old
Scouts, Commonwealth Army, Guerrilla Services, and New
Scouts. Old Scouts had been in existence since 1901 and
were always under the full control of the United States'
government. According to the Veterans Administration,
"Filipino veterans who served with U.S. Forces in the
Regular Philippine Scouts
before October 6, 1945, are entitled to all VA
benefits under the same criteria as
apply to any veteran of U.S. military service."
The Commonwealth Army, recognized Guerilla Services, and
New Scouts are "eligible for VA health care benefits in the
U.S. on the same basis as U.S. veterans if they reside in
the United States." All three also receive compensation for
service-connected disabilities in spite of the fact that
many guerilla groups worked in cooperation with U.S. Forces
and not under them. New Scouts served until 1947 and were
technically loaned to US Armed Forces by the newly
independent government of the Philippines. Benefits sent
to the Philippines are calculated at .50 cents on the
dollar.
According to the author's office some remaining issues have
not been addressed at all: VA benefits for those living in
the Philippines, non-war related disability, non-disability
pensions low-income veterans, home-loan assistance for
those living in the United States, educational assistance
for U.S. and Philippine based dependents, and employment
services for those veterans and spouses based in the U.S.
The American Coalition for Filipino Veterans is seeking
certain specific requests for this year. Presently, the
hospital in Quesan City receives a half million dollars a
year stipend for veteran services. The stipend is set to
expire in October 2005 and the coalition is seeking to make
the stipend ongoing. Also, veterans now receive disability
payments of approximately $850 per month. Filipino
veterans are seeking $200 per month if the veteran remains
in the Philippines. The US Veterans Administration varies
payments using a formula that includes place of residence.
The $200 per month would be over double the per capita
income of the Philippines which is just over $1,000.
The resolution itself however is broadly written and does
not address these specific issues or mention the gains made
under President George W. Bush. It seems this AJR would be
more productive dealing with specifics rather than painting
issues with a broad brush and sending a message to
Washington, D.C. that implies the California State Senate
is unaware of the present situation of Filipino-American
veterans.
SUPPORT : AFSCME
Asian Americans for
Civil Rights and Equality
OPPOSE : None received