BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    



                                                                  AB 100
                                                                  Page  1


          ASSEMBLY THIRD READING
          AB 100 (Cohn)
          As Amended April 19, 2005
          Majority vote 

           PUBLIC SAFETY       7-0                                         
           
           -------------------------------- 
          |Ayes:|Leno, La Suer, Cohn,      |
          |     |Dymally, Goldberg,        |
          |     |Ruskin, Spitzer           |
          |     |                          |
           -------------------------------- 
           SUMMARY  :  Allows, in any criminal case in which the defendant is  
          in custody, with the consent of the court and the defendant, all  
          hearings, except as specified, to be held without the defendant  
          being physically present in the court room but appearing by way  
          of audio-video communication.  This bill shall be repealed as of  
          January 1, 2009, unless extended by another statute.   
          Specifically,  this bill  :

          1)Provides that in any case in which the defendant is charged  
            with a misdemeanor or a felony and is currently incarcerated  
            in a city or county jail, the law enforcement agency having  
            jurisdiction over the defendant may, with the consent of the  
            defendant and the court in which the defendant will be  
            appearing, arrange for all court appearances in municipal or  
            superior court, except for the preliminary hearing, trial,  
            judgment and sentencing, and motions to suppress, to be  
            conducted by two-way, electronic audio-video communication  
            between the defendant and the courtroom in lieu of the  
            physical presence of the defendant in the courtroom.  

          2)Permits the court to issue an order requiring the defendant to  
            be physically present in the courtroom in those cases where  
            the court finds circumstances that require the physical  
            presence of the defendant in the courtroom.  

          3)Requires that, for those court appearances that the law  
            enforcement agency having jurisdiction over the defendant  
            determines to conduct by two-way electronic audio-video  
            communication, the law enforcement agency shall arrange for  
            the two-way electronic audio-video communication between the  
            municipal or superior court and the county jail.  The law  








                                                                  AB 100
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            enforcement agency shall ensure that properly maintained  
            equipment and adequately trained staff are available at the  
            county jail and that appropriately trained court staff are  
            available in the courtroom. 

          4)States that if the defendant is represented by counsel, the  
            attorney shall be present with the defendant at the initial  
            court appearance and arraignment, and may enter a plea during  
            the arraignment.  However, if the defendant is represented by  
            counsel at an initial hearing in superior court in a felony  
            case and if the defendant does not plead guilty or nolo  
            contendere to any charge, the attorney shall be present with  
            the defendant; if the attorney is not present with the  
            defendant, the attorney shall be present in court during the  
            hearing.

          5)Provides that in lieu of the physical presence of the  
            defendant's counsel at the institution with the defendant, the  
            court and the department or law enforcement agency shall  
            establish a confidential telephone and facsimile transmission  
            line between the court and the institution for communication  
            between the defendant's counsel in court and the defendant at  
            the institution.  In this case, counsel for the defendant  
            shall not be required to be physically present at the  
            institution during any court appearance conducted via  
            electronic audio-video communication.  

           EXISTING LAW  :  

          1)Allows that, in any case in which the accused is charged with  
            a misdemeanor only, he or she does not need to personally  
            appear in court but may choose to have a lawyer appear on his  
            or her behalf, except in cases involving domestic violence or  
            violation of a protective order.  If the accused agrees, the  
            initial court appearance, arraignment, and plea may be by  
            video, as specified.  

          2)Requires that, if the accused is charged with a misdemeanor  
            offense involving domestic violence, as specified, or a  
            misdemeanor violation of a protective order, the accused shall  
            be present for arraignment and sentencing, and at any time  
            during the proceedings when ordered by the court for the  
            purpose of being informed of the conditions of a protective  
            order, as specified.  








                                                                  AB 100
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          3)Requires that, in all cases in which a felony is charged, the  
            accused must be present at the arraignment, at the time of  
            plea, and at other hearings, as specified.  The accused shall  
            be personally present at all other proceedings unless he or  
            she shall, with leave of court, execute in open court a  
            written waiver of his or her right to be personally present,  
            as specified.  If the accused agrees, the initial court  
            appearance, arraignment, and plea may be by two-way electronic  
            audio-video communication, as specified. 

          4)Allows that in any case in which the defendant is charged with  
            a misdemeanor or a felony and currently incarcerated in the  
            state prison, the Department of Corrections may arrange  
            without the defendant's consent for all court appearances in  
            superior court, except for the preliminary hearing, trial,  
            judgment and sentencing, and motions to suppress, to be  
            conducted by two-way electronic audio-video communication  
            between the defendant and the courtroom in lieu of the  
            physical presence of the defendant in the courtroom, as  
            specified. 

           FISCAL EFFECT  :  None

           COMMENTS  :  According to the author, "California is a technology  
          leader and innovator.  I have introduced this bill because we  
          must capitalize on the advancements that the Golden State has  
          been party to so that we can improve public safety, reduce  
          backlogs in the court system, and save both time and money in  
          the process."

          Please see the policy committee analysis for full discussion of  
          this bill.
           

          Analysis Prepared by  :    Steven Meinrath / PUB. S. / (916)  
          319-3744 



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