BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    



                                                                  AB 106
                                                                  Page  1

          Date of Hearing:   April 13, 2005

                        ASSEMBLY COMMITTEE ON APPROPRIATIONS
                                   Judy Chu, Chair

                     AB 106 (Cohn ) - As Amended:  March 8, 2005 

          Policy Committee:                              Public  
          SafetyVote:  7-0

          Urgency:     No                   State Mandated Local Program:  
          No     Reimbursable:               

           SUMMARY  

          This bill requires creates a one-time amnesty program for  
          penalties and assessments imposed for spousal battery or  
          domestic violence that have been delinquent for not less than  
          six months as of January 1, 2006. Persons eligible for the  
          amnesty must pay 70% of the total penalty.

           FISCAL EFFECT  

          One-time GF administrative costs to the courts, likely in excess  
          of $150,000 to establish an effective amnesty program, which  
          would require a significant number of manual case file reviews -  
          likely in the tens of thousands - and offender notification.  
          Costs may be offset, fully or in part, by unknown one-time  
          amnesty revenue.

          It is difficult to estimate whether the potential one-time 70%  
          amnesty revenue would augment or reduce the penalty revenue that  
          would have been collected absent an amnesty program. Penalty  
          revenues are distributed between state and local agencies.   
           
           COMMENTS  

           1)Rationale  . According to the author, this bill models the  
            innovative and successful Statewide Tax Amnesty Program used  
            by the Board of Equalization, and provides local governments a  
            short-term tool to increase collection of court fines for  
            domestic violence cases, thus providing funds for domestic  
            violence programs.

           2)Current law  :








                                                                  AB 106
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             a)   Authorizes the Judicial Council to establish an amnesty  
               program for the collection of penalties and assessments,  
               applicable statewide or by county.  

             b)   Makes battery, when committed against a spouse or other  
               specified persons, punishable by up to one year in county  
               jail and/or a fine of up to $2,000. If a person is granted  
               probation for a crime in which the victim is a spouse or  
               other specified person, the terms of probation include,  
               until January 1, 2007, a minimum $400 penalty, and after  
               January 1, 2007 a minimum $200 penalty.
           
           3)The Judicial Council opposes this measure, stating that it is  
            "inconsistent with the enhanced collections strategy adopted  
            by the council and currently being implemented by the courts  
            and their county partners." The Judicial Council notes that a  
            penalty collection working group required by SB 940 (Escutia,  
            2003) recommended the Council not establish an amnesty program  
            because: 

             a)   Although an amnesty program may bring in one-time  
               revenues, the effect on ongoing revenues could be  
               substantial for courts and counties with successful  
               collections programs and for those initiating or enhancing  
               a collections program.

             b)   Amnesty programs are labor-intensive.

             c)   Failure to hold the defendant fully accountable for the  
               crime undermines the effectiveness of the judicial system. 


           4)The effectiveness of court amnesty programs is questioned by  
            the National Center for State Courts  (NCSC), which opines on  
            its web site that amnesty programs "offer few real benefits  
            beyond a short-term ability to raise some fast cash and close  
            some delinquent cases."   



            According to the NCSC, "granting amnesty undermines the  
            deterrence and punishment goals behind the original sentence  
            as well as the fundamental credibility of the court. An  
            amnesty program rewards the contemptuous and penalizes the  








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            responsible members of the community who pay their obligations  
            on time." NCSC criticisms include:



             a)   Amnesty applies only to those who receive monetary  
               penalties, not to those who have committed identical  
               offenses but were sentenced to community service, diversion  
               programs, education programs, jail, etc. 

             b)   If amnesty operates as a fixed percentage reduction of  
               financial penalties, then it is highly regressive against  
               the poorer offenders.  

             c)   Since amnesty programs are often a symptom of chronic  
               failure to effectively manage sentence enforcement  
               resources, there is no guarantee such programs will produce  
               even a short-term increase in revenues. There is little  
               reason to pay, even if the penalty is reduced, if the  
               public perception is that the court is not going to enforce  
               the fine anyway. 

             d)   The cost-effectiveness of amnesty programs is  
               questionable. A court might achieve better net results by  
               investing the necessary operational costs in improvements  
               to general collections administration.
            
            
            



           Analysis Prepared by  :    Geoff Long / APPR. / (916) 319-2081