BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    







                      SENATE COMMITTEE ON PUBLIC SAFETY
                         Senator Elaine K. Alquist, Chair            A
                             2005-2006 Regular Session               B

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          AB 112 (Cohn)                                               
          As Amended May 31, 2005 
          Hearing date:  June 14, 2005
          Penal Code
          AA:br

                                  PROTECTIVE ORDERS  :  

                      PRECEDENCE OF EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE ORDERS  

                                       HISTORY

          Source:  Judge Margaret S. Johnson, Santa Clara County Superior  
          Court

          Prior Legislation: AB 160 (Bates) - Ch. 698, Stats. 2001

          Support: Los Angeles District Attorney's Office; Child Abuse  
          Prevention Council of Contra                           Costa  
          County; AFSCME; Peace Officers Research Association of  
          California; one                                         
          individual

          Opposition:Family Law Section of the State Bar of California

          Assembly Floor Vote:  Ayes  76 - Noes  0


                                         KEY ISSUE
           
          SHOULD EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE ORDERS TAKE PRECEDENCE IN ENFORCEMENT  
          OVER ANY OTHER RESTRAINING OR PROTECTIVE ORDER, AS SPECIFIED AND  
          LIMITED?




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                                                              AB 112 (Cohn)
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                                       PURPOSE
          
          The purpose of this bill is to provide that emergency protective  
          orders take precedence in enforcement over any other restraining  
          or protective order, as specified and limited.
          
           Current law  authorizes a court to issue a civil or criminal  
          protective order to protect victims of domestic violence.   
          (Family Code  6300 et seq.; Penal Code  136.2.)

           Current law  authorizes a law enforcement officer to seek an  
          emergency protective order ("EPO") from a court 24 hours a day,  
          seven days a week, if any person or child is in immediate and  
          present danger of domestic violence or abuse, or in imminent  
          danger of abduction by a parent or relative.  An EPO is  
          effective for up to seven days.  The EPO must be entered into  
          the California Law Enforcement Telecommunications System  
          (CLETS).  (Family Code  6240 et seq.; 6380.)

           Current law  further authorizes a law enforcement officer to seek  
          an EPO from a court if the officer has reasonable grounds to  
          believe that an individual is in immediate and present danger of  
          stalking.  (Penal Code  646.91.)

           Current law  provides that criminal protective orders take  
          precedence over civil orders involving the same defendant.   
          (Penal Code  136.2(i)(2).)

           This bill  would revise this provision to provide for its  
          application "unless a court issues an (EPO as specified<1>) in  
          which case the (EPO) shall have precedence in enforcement over  
          any other restraining or protective order, provided the (EPO)  
          meets the following requirements:

          ---------------------------
          <1>  Specifically, EPOs issued pursuant to Chapter 2 (commencing  
          with Section 6250) of Part 3 of Division 10 of the Family Code  
          or Section 646.91 of the Penal Code.



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                                                              AB 112 (Cohn)
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          (A) The emergency protective order is issued to protect one or  
          more individuals who are already protected persons under another  
          restraining or protective order.
          (B) The emergency protective order restrains the individual who  
          is the restrained person in the other restraining or protective  
          order specified in subparagraph (A).
          (C) The provisions of the emergency protective order are more  
          restrictive in relation to the restrained person than are the  
          provisions of the other restraining or protective order  
          specified in subparagraph (A)."
           
          This bill  also would clarify that an EPO issued as specified<2>  
          "shall have precedence in enforcement over any other restraining  
          or protective order, provided the emergency protective order  
          meets the following requirements:

          (A) The emergency protective order is issued to protect one or  
          more individuals who are already protected persons under another  
          restraining or protective order.
          (B) The emergency protective order restrains the individual who  
          is the restrained person in the other restraining or protective  
          order specified in subparagraph (A).
          (C) The provisions of the emergency protective order are more  
          restrictive in relation to the restrained person than are the  
          provisions of the other restraining or protective order  
          specified in subparagraph (A).

           This bill  further would provide that EPOs meet the requirements  
          described above "shall have precedence in enforcement over the  
          provisions of any other restraining or protective order only  
          with respect to those provisions of the emergency protective  
          order that are more restrictive in relation to the restrained  
          person."

                                      COMMENTS

          1.  Stated Need for This Bill
           


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          <2>  Id.



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                                                              AB 112 (Cohn)
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          The author states:

              Currently, Penal Code Section 136.2 requires that  
              criminal court orders take precedence over civil  
              court orders.  Generally this is not a problem,  
              but in some cases the criminal court allows there  
              to be peaceful contact between the defendant and  
              victim.

              An Emergency Protective Order (EPO) is civil in  
              nature and is always issued as a result of some  
              police intervention which necessitates as stay  
              away/no contact order.  The problem comes in where  
              there is a prior criminal order allowing contact,  
              it would, under current law, take precedence over  
              the EPO and jeopardize the victim's safety.

              This bill is a solution to this problem for it  
              allows for the EPO to have precedence in  
              enforcement over all other protective orders for  
              the short 5 court calendar days that it is valid.






















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          2.  What This Bill Does; Recent Amendments to Address Opposition  
          Concerns
           
          As explained above, this bill would provide that emergency  
          protective orders ("EPOs") issued pursuant to either the Family  
          or Penal Code - which last either 5 court days or 7 calendar  
          days, whichever is shorter - would take precedence over any  
          other restraining or protective order - including those issued  
          by the criminal court - provided the EPO meets the following  
          requirements:

                 The emergency protective order is issued to protect one  
               or more individuals who are already protected persons under  
               another restraining or protective order.

                 The emergency protective order restrains the individual  
               who is the restrained person in the other restraining or  
               protective order specified above.

                 The provisions of the emergency protective order are  
               more restrictive in relation to the restrained person than  
               are the provisions of the other restraining or protective  
               order specified above.



          This language would adjust and clarify existing law, which  
          provides that protective and restraining orders issued by the  
          criminal court take precedence over civil court orders.  As  
          explained by the author, in some instances a criminal  
          protective order may allow for peaceful contact with the  
          protected party and, therefore, may need to be subordinate to a  
          subsequent emergency protective order.  The bill was recently  
          amended to address concerns of some advocates that an emergency  
          order should only take precedence if it is issued to protect  
          the same protected party and restrain the same restrained party  
          as a preexisting order, and that more restrictive and unrelated  
          terms of preexisting orders remain in effect.  The bill as  
          currently before the Committee incorporates these criteria.




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                                                              AB 112 (Cohn)
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