BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    



                                                                  AB 519
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          CONCURRENCE IN SENATE AMENDMENTS
          AB 519 (Leno)
          As Amended September 2, 2005
          Majority vote
           
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          |ASSEMBLY:  |71-0 |(April 7, 2005) |SENATE: |38-0 |(September 6,  |
          |           |     |                |        |     |2005)          |
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           Original Committee Reference:   JUD.  

           SUMMARY  :  Allows the court to act in the best interest of a  
          child regarding the area of relinquishment of parental rights.   
          Specifically,  this bill  allows:

          1)A child who has been legally freed for at least three years or  
            who all parties stipulate is no longer adoptable, to petition  
            the juvenile court to reinstate parental rights.  If the court  
            finds that changed circumstances exist such that the child is  
            no longer likely to be adopted and that reinstatement of  
            parental rights would be in the child's best interest, the  
            court shall reinstate parental rights.

          2)The juvenile court to issue an ex parte order to protect a  
            parent, legal guardian, or caretaker of a child who is the  
            subject of a dependency petition.

           The Senate amendments  clarify that a child may petition to have  
          parental rights reinstated if three years have passed since  
          parental rights were terminated, and the court has determined  
          adoption is no longer the permanent plan for the child, or if  
          the child and the Department of Social Services (DSS) or the  
          adoption agency responsible for the custody for the child  
          stipulate that the child is no longer likely to be adopted,  and  
          make other conforming changes, and add chaptering out language.
           
           EXISTING LAW  :

          1)Provides that the juvenile court has no power to set aside,  
            change, or modify an order terminating parental rights once  
            made.

          2)Authorizes the court to issue ex parte orders protecting a  
            parent, legal guardian or current caretaker of a dependent  








                                                                  AB 519
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            child if the court is simultaneously issuing an order to  
            protect the child.

           AS PASSED BY THE ASSEMBLY  , this bill contained similar  
          provisions regarding the relinquishment of parental rights.

           FISCAL EFFECT  :  None

           COMMENTS  :  The primary purpose of Welfare and Institutions Code  
          Section 366.26 (i) was to prevent a parent from collaterally  
          attacking an order terminating parental rights, thereby delaying  
          the child's right to finality and a permanent adoptive home.   
          However, as written, the statute also prohibits reinstatement of  
          parental rights for children for whom there has been a  
          significant change of circumstances and who will never get the  
          benefit of being adopted into a new family.  Creating a  
          permanent class of legally orphaned children is contrary to  
          California's public policy and its mandate to act in the best  
          interest of abused and neglected children.
           
            A number of court decisions express frustration with the  
          finality of Welfare and Institutions Code Section 366.26  
          (i) in fulfilling the court's duty to act in the best  
          interest of the child.  In the recent case of Jerred H.,  
          the First District Court of Appeal invited the California  
          Legislature to consider allowing juvenile courts limited  
          discretion to reinstate parental rights where the child  
          would otherwise be left a legal orphan.  In that case,  
          14-year-old Jerred filed a Welfare and Institutions Code  
          Section 388 petition to reinstate parental rights after  
          Jerred's adoption by his stepfather fell through.  Jerred  
          still wanted a relationship with his stepfather, whom he  
          asked the court to recognize as his presumed father.  The  
          termination order had already become final, however, so no  
          legal basis for relief was possible.  Both the juvenile and  
          appellate courts lamented that the law did not allow them  
          to grant Jerred's wish.  In fact, the court of appeal went  
          out of its way to underscore the inadequate result  
          compelled by the existing statute.

          Under current law, the juvenile court has the authority to issue  
          protective orders to protect the parents, guardians, or current  
          caretakers of a child, even where the child does not reside with  
          that person, but only if the court is simultaneously protecting  
          the child.  This limitation can be unnecessarily restrictive on  








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          the court and is not in keeping with the spirit of court  
          consolidation.  When the juvenile court becomes aware of the  
          need to protect the parent or caregiver of a child under its  
          jurisdiction, it should have the authority to do so  
          expeditiously and should not be required to direct the  
          individual needing protection to another court.  This change  
          will improve access to protection for those involved in  
          dependency matters, and allow the court to address problems  
          confronting the family that may be a threat to reunification for  
          the child in an effective and efficient manner.

          Amendments taken in the Senate clarify that a child may petition  
          to have parental rights reinstated if three years have passed  
          since parental rights were terminated, and the court has  
          determined adoption is no longer the permanent plan for the  
          child, or if the child and DSS or the adoption agency  
          responsible for the custody for the child stipulate that the  
          child is no longer likely to be adopted.  Other conforming  
          changes are made including: that the child, if age 12 or older,  
          must sign the petition unless good cause is shown why the child  
          cannot do so; that the court make factual findings supporting  
          the reinstatement of parental rights if the permanent plan,  
          after reinstatement, is not reunification with the parent or  
          legal guardian; that the court, in order to reinstate parental  
          rights, find by clear and convincing evidence that the child is  
          no longer likely to be adopted and that reinstatement is in the  
          child's best interest; and that this bill is to be applied  
          retroactively.
           

          Analysis Prepared by  :  Drew Liebert / JUD. / (916) 319-2334 


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